英语中表示原因的几种方式

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2021年01月19日 06:23
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2021年1月19日发(作者:秦光第)
英语中表示原因的几种方式

玉门油田外国语高级中学


刘发强



735019
英语是词汇量非常丰富的语言之一,

一般通过其丰富的词汇表达丰富的思想,在表示原因的方式上,
主要有以下几种:



从属连词
because/ as /since /
和并列连词
for.

如:

I did it because they asked me to do it.
我做了这件事是因为他们请我做的。

As it was raining ,you

d better take a taxi .
天在下雨,你最好乘出租车去。

Since we have no money ,we can

t buy it.
我们没有钱,所以我们没法买。

I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her .
我请她留下来喝茶,因为我有
点事要告诉她。

解析:
1.
这四词语气逐级递减。

表示直接的原因或理由,重点在从句,常译为“因为”;
since

示对方已知,无需说明的既成事实,中心句在主句,常译为“既然”;
as
表示明显的原因,重点在主句,
常译为“由于”


for
是个并列连词,只能放在另一

个并列句后面,表示一种 推理或解释,或用作附加
说明,并不指理由或原因,一般不放在句首,常译为“因为”,“其理由是”(
for
表示因果关系时可以

because
交替使用,但
for
前须用逗号,而
because
则不必。



介词和介词短语


1.
介词
with/for/at/of/from/over
这类介词所表达的原因是暗含的,汉译时不一定译出。如:

She was shivering with cold .
她冷得发抖。

He was very angry at losing it .
他把它丢了,很生气。

We jumped for joy.
我们高兴得跳了起来。

She couldn

t speak for laughing .
她笑得说不成话。

He came of his own accord.
他是自愿来的。

Many old people died from the smog.
许多老人死于烟雾污染。

It is no use crying over spilt milk .
覆水难收。

2.
介词短语:英语中有大量的介词短语表示原因,以下是一些常见的例子:

on account of something/on this/that account

We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather .
因为天气恶劣,我们推迟了行程。

because of

They are her because of us.
他们到这儿来是因为有我们。

by reason of

He was excused by reason of his age .
他因为年龄关系而被原谅



as a result of

The flight was delayed as a result of fog..
航班因雾而晚点。

for fear of

They are afraid to speak for fear of making errors.

他们不敢讲话是因为害怕出错。



分词(形容词,副词)
+as
从句或分词结构直接作原因状语


如:

Tired as he was ,we decided not to disturb him.

因为他累了,我们决定不去打扰他。

Hard as he studied, he passed the test with ease .

由于学习刻苦,他很容易地通过了测试。

Being ill

she didn

t go to school.
由于有病,她没去上学。

Having worked among the peasants for many years, he know them well .
由于在农民中工作多
年,他对他们很了解。

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