英语中名词的用法

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2021年01月19日 06:25
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团组织-关于杏花的诗句

2021年1月19日发(作者:陶春)
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一、英语中各种词性的用法及解释

1.
名词



名词可以分为专有名词(
Proper Nouns
)和普通名词
(Common Nouns



专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等 专有的名称,如
Beijing

China
等。

(不是专有名词就是普通名词)



1



词变复数的方法

1)
规则的变复数的方法

情况

构成方法

例词

一般情况


-s

map-maps

bag- bags

car-cars


s,
sh,

-es

bus-buses
ch, x
等结
watch-watches

尾的词






y

i

baby---babies


+y



es

的词


2)
不规则变化情况





o
结尾的名词,变复数时:

a.

s
,如:
photo---photos piano--- pianos radio---radios
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zoo---zoos



b.

es
,如:
potato

potatoes tomato

tomatoes

(基本规律:有生命性质的词在后面加
es
,否则加
s






f

fe
结尾的名词变复数时:


a.

s


如:
belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe ---safes
gulf---gulfs


b.

f,
fe

-ves

如:
half---halves knife ---knives leaf---leaves
wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief--- thieves




名词复数的不规则变化


child---children


foot---feet

tooth---teeth

mouse---mice
man---men woman--- women



单复同形如

deer

sheep

fish

Chinese

Japane se

集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。

如:
people
police
cattle
等本身就是复数,不能说
a
people

a
police

a
cattle

但可以说
a
person

a
policeman

a
head
of
cattle,
the
English

the British

the French

the Chinese

the Japanese

the Swiss
等名
词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。




s
结尾,仍为单数的名词,如




maths

politics

physics
等学科名词,为不 可数名词,是单数

news

不可数名词。

(2)
名词的格


1)
在英语中有些名词可以加

来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称
为该名词的所有格,如:
a teacher's book
。名词所有格的规则如下:

2
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2)
单数名词词尾加


复数名词 词尾没有
s

也要加



the
boy's
bag
男孩的书包,
men's room
男厕所。

3)
若名词已有复数词尾
-s
,只加

,如:
the workers' struggle
工人的
斗争。

4


凡不能加

的名词,
都可以用

名词
+of
+
名词

的结构来表示所有关系,
如:
the title of the song
歌的名字。

5



在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现
它所修饰的名词,如:
t he barber's
理发店。

6


如果两个名词 并列,并且分别有
's
,则表示

分别有

;只有一个
's
,则
表示
'
共有
'



如:
John's and Mary's room
(两间)
John and Mary's room
(一间)


例题解析

1. They got much _____ from those new books.

A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories

2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.

A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges

C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges

3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home .


A. 25 minutes’ walk B. 25 minute’s walk

C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk

解析
:
句中的
min ute
应该用其复数的所有格形式
,

+

,
而不 能
+s,
因此选
A


4. An old _______ wants to see you.

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A. people B. person C. the people D. the person

解析
:
person

people
都有”
人”

的意思
,
但用法不同
.
“一个人”



a
person

,

“两个人”




two persons

; people
泛指

“人们”是集合名词
,
表示复数
, the
people


“人民”
, a people


“一个民族”
.
应选
B


5. Help yourself to __________.

A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple

C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples

解析
: chicken
可用作可数名词指小鸡
,
用作不可数名词指鸡肉
,
根据词题意应理解为
鸡肉
;apple
为可数名词
,
故应
+s,
因此选
D


6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________.


A.
room’s
number B.
rooms’
number C.
room
numbers D.
rooms’
numbers

解析
: room number
房间号码
. room
可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词
.
类似的还有
my phsics teacher,

two bus drivers

.
应选
C


7.
She
has
been
in
Tianjin
for
ten
years.
Tianjin
has
become
her
second
_________.

A. family B. house C. home D. room

解析
:
family
指的是家庭或是家庭成员
;
house
指的是房子
(
住所
);
room
指的是房间
;

home
指的是家
,
因此选
C.

8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the
meeting, because they have gone to
Shanghai .


A. Mary and Peter’s B. Mary and Peter

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C. Mary’s and Peter D. Mary’s and Peter’s

解析
:
此句中


mothers
”是复数
,
表示两个人各自的母亲
,因此应选
D


9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.

A.
her uncle B. her uncle’s C. her uncles D. aunt’s

解析
:
此句意为

“李雷这个去她舅舅家多次”
.
表示具体场所时
,
可省去所有格后面
的名词
.

因此选
B


10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching.

A. many experiences B. much experience

C. an experience D. a lot experience

解析
:
experience


“经验”

讲时是不可数名词
,


“经历”
讲时是可数名词
.

句中应理解为


经验”
,
因此是不可数名词
,
排除
A
C.
又因
a
lot
of
,
lots
of,
plenty
of
只用于肯定句
,
不用于否定句
,
因此选
B


11. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago.

A. you B. your
C. your sister D. your sister’s

解析
:
此题考查名词的双重所有格
.
应选
D


12. A group of _________ are talking with two ___________.

A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans

C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen

解析
: Frenchman
是复合词
,
其复数形式为
Frenchmen; German
的复数为直接在单词
末尾
+S,
应选
A.

team ________ having a meeting .

A. is B. are C. am D. be

5
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解析
: team
是一个集合名词
,
即可表示复数意义
(
指整个小组
) ,
也可指小组中的成员
(
表示复数
),
此题意为后者
,
因此选
B


14. “Would you like _________” “________, please.”

A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, Coffees

C. a drink, A coffee D. a drink, Three cups of coffees

解析
: drink

coffee
是不可数名词
,
可以用…
of
来表示数量
, eg, three cups of
coffee,

当前面加
a

,
则表示

“一杯”
.因此选
C


15. The Great Wall was made not only by _______, but also the flesh and blood
of ________ men.

and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions

C.
the
earth
and
stone,
million
of D.
the
earths
and
stones,
millions

解析:
earth
是不可数名词,因此删除
B D,
数以百万的应为
millions of .

因此选
A




选择最佳答案:

1

Last
night,
there
was
a
food
accident.
The
_______
were
ill,
but
no
_______
were lost.

A. child, lives B. children, life C. children, lives D. child,
life

2. ---This is a photo of _________ when they were young.

---OK, how happy they both looked!

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A. my father and mother B. my mother and father's

C. my mother's and father's father's and my mother

3. The new student is in __________ , Grade Two.

A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three class

4.
Today
is
September
10th.
It's
__________
Day.
Let's
go
and
buy
some
flowers
for our teachers.

A. Teachers B. Teachers' C. the Teachers' D. Teacher's

5. The market isn't far from here. It's only _________ bicycle ride.

an hours' B. half an hour's C. half an hour D. an hour and a
half

6. --- What would you like to drink, girls

--- _________, please.

cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffe

C. Two cups of coffee D. Two cups of coffees

7.
During
Christmas,
people
get
together
and
sing
Christmas
songs
for
_________.

A. fun B. wishes C. interest D. thanks

8. Some _________ are flying kites near the river.

A. child B. boy C. boys D. childs

9. After the exam, we'll have________ holiday.

A. two weeks B. two-weeks C. two weeks' D. two week's

10. They are those _________ put them on the bus.

A. visitor B. visitors C. visitor's D. visitors'

7

团组织-关于杏花的诗句


团组织-关于杏花的诗句


团组织-关于杏花的诗句


团组织-关于杏花的诗句


团组织-关于杏花的诗句


团组织-关于杏花的诗句


团组织-关于杏花的诗句


团组织-关于杏花的诗句