英语写作中常见20个典型错误
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2021年01月19日 06:29
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兵贵神速-英语写作范文
英语句子写作中常见典型错误
任何一个句子，
尤其是书面语的表达，首先要 做到合乎语法规范，
如主谓结构完整、主
谓一致、正确的时态、语态等。下面，我们就把句子中 最常见的语法错误罗列出来，供大家
参考借鉴。
1.
不
一致
所谓不一致不仅指主谓不一致，它还包括数的不一致，时态不一致，代词不一致等。
e.g. 1) When one have money, he can do what he want to.
此句是典型的主谓不一致。
When one has money, he can do what he wants to.
e.g. 2
）
A series debates between the two lecturers were scheduled for the next weekend. (
主谓
不一致常出现在主语离谓语较远的时候。
)
本句的主语是
se ries
而不是
debates
或
lectures,
因此谓语应为单数形式，也就是应把
were
改为
was.
A series debates between the two lecturers was scheduled for the next weekend.
时态不一致。
e.g. 3) This great loss had killed Mrs. White, but actually this
free
her from her husband.
This great loss had killed Mrs. White, but actually this
freed
her from her husband.
比较对象不一致。
e.g. 4) The average life span in the 1980
’
s was much longer than 1880
’
s.
The average life span in the 1980
’
s was much longer than
in the
1880
’
s.
指代不一致
e.g. 5) And we can also know the society by serving it yourself.
And we can also know the society by serving it ourselves
.
2.
2
.
修饰语错位或错误
英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子的不同位置，句子含义可能引起变化。
e.g. 1) I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.
I believe I can do it well and I will know the world outside the campus better.
此句中
better
的位置不当，应置于句末。
定于从句关联词使用错位；不定贯词使用不当。
e.g. 2) Writing a essay is difficult for students who English is a second language.
Writing
an
essay is difficult for students
whose
English is a second language.
正确使用现在分词作状语能使句子结构多样化，但不可以滥用。
e.g.
3)
While
celebrate
their
20
th
anniversary
in
the
restaurant,
the
wine
glass
broke
and
damaged Mr. White
’
s finger.
While Mr. White celebrating their 20
th
anniversary in the restaurant, the wine glass broke and
damaged his finger.
When Mr. White celebrated their 20
th
anniversary in the restaurant, the wine glass broke and
damaged his finger.
1
3.
句
子不完整
在口语中，交际双方可借助手势、玉器 、上下文等，即使不完整的句子也可以被理解。
可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清 楚。
e.g. 1) There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV
, radio, newspaper and so
on.
后半句不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句。
There are many ways to know the society, for example, by TV, radio, and newspaper.
e.g. 2) Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college. For example,
my friend in high school.
Many students like my friend in high school have a hard time passing all the tests to get into
college.
4.
词性误用
词性误用常表现为介词当动词用，形容词当副词用，名词当动词用等。
e.g. 1) None can negative the importance of money.
其中
negative
是形容词，无用作动词。
None can deny the importance of money.
e.g. 2) I did not know what was happened in the classroom.
I did not know what
had
happened in the classroom.
5.
指代不清
指代不清主要指指示代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。
e.g. 1) Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
句首的主语与后边的逻辑关系不清楚。
e.g. 2) At the age of ten, my grandfather died.
At the age of ten
悬垂修饰语的逻辑主语不清。
When I was ten, my grandfather died.
e.g. 3) To do well in college, good grades are essential.
To do well in college
的逻辑主语不清楚。
To do well in college, a
student’s
good grades are essential.
To do well in college, a student needs good grades.
6.
措辞毛病
2
作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。
e.g. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.
考生把
obstacles
无用作
su bstance
了。
The increasing use
应为
abusive use.
e.g. The abusive use of chemical substance in agriculture also causes / leads to pollution.
7.
累赘
言以简为贵。
写句子应当没有多余的词；
写段落应 当没有必要的句子。
能用单词的不用
词组；能用词组的不用从句或句子。
e.g.
In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him.
e.g.
In spite of his laziness, I like him.
8.
不连贯
不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通。
e.g.
The fresh water, it is the most important thing of the earth.
The fresh water
与逗号后的
it
不连贯。
It
与
things
在数方面不一致。
e.g.
Fresh water is the most important thing in the world. .
9.
句式杂糅，即“
run- on
”句
两个句子糅合在一起，没有标点符号隔开。
e.g. 1) There are many students play football on the sports ground.
改正的方法有四种：
(1
）变成两个独立的分句。
There are many students on the sports ground. They are playing football.
(2
）通过使用分号和连词变为并列句。
There are many students on the sports ground; they are playing football.
There are many students on the sports ground and they are playing football.
(3
）将其中一部分改为充当修饰成分的短语。
There are many students playing football on the sports ground.
(4
）通过使用关联词
if, when, who
等将其中一个句子改为从句。
There are many students who are playing football on the sports ground.
中国式英语。
（
good good study, day day up
）
e.g. 2) In my opinion think the company should pay for the victim
’
s injuries.
In my opinion the company should pay for the victim
’
s injuries.
e.g. 3) There are many ways we get to know the outside world.
There are many ways for us to get to know (learn about) the outside world.
10.
片语（
fragment
）
3