英语中常见介词用法总结
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英语中常见介词用法总结
英语中常见介词用法总结
一、
About
1.
动词
+ about+sth.
。
about
在此表示“论及,谈起,涉及,着手”
等 意思:
arrange
about
安排,
argue
about
辩论
,
ask
about
询问,
bring
about
带来,
chat about
闲
xx
,
care about
在意,
complain about
报怨,
go about
着手,
hear about
听说
, inquire about
打听
,know about
了解,
quarrel about
争论,
read about
读到
, see about
负责处
理,
set
about
开始
,
speak
about
谈起
,
talk
about
谈论
,
think
about
考虑
, trouble about
担心,
tell about
讲述,
worry about
着急。
现举例说明其
xx
一些短语的用法:
She inquired about my brother.
她向我打听有关我兄弟的情况。
I must set about my packing.
我必须开始收拾行装。
What are you chatting about?
你们在
xx
什么呢?
2. be +
形容词
+about+sth.
。
about
在此意思是“ 为…,对…”
,接
表原因的词:
be
anxious
about
为…着急
,
be
bad
about
对…感到不舒服,
be
busy
about
忙于…
,be careful about
小心…
, be certain about
对…有
把握
, be concerned about
关心…
,be crazy about
为…发狂,
be
excited about
为…感到激动
, be happy about
为…而高兴
,be mad
about
为…发疯,
be nervous about
对…感到紧张
, be particular
about
挑剔…
,be pleased about
为…兴奋,
be strict about
对…
严格,
be
thoughtful
about
对…考虑周到的,
be
uneasy
about
为…
感受到不安。请看例句:
What have you been busy about today?
今天在忙些什么?
You are certainly very thoughtful about others.
你为别人想得
太周到了。
I'm strict about such things.
对这些事我是很严格的。
注:
come about
发生,
get about
(疾病、谣言)流行,
turn about
转身,
传播,
;
打扰
put
about
随便堆放,
lie
about
到处乱放,
leave
about
英语中常见介词用法总结
put
oneself
a bout
使…发愁。
这些词组
xxabout
作副词,
此时
about
不能接
宾语。
二、
After
1.
动词
+
after
。
介词
after
有
“追赶,
问候,
效仿”
之意:
ask
after
问候
, be after
寻求
,do(sth.)after
学着做,
go after
设法得到
,
inquire after
问候
, look after
寻找
,run after
追求
, seek after
追逐
, take after
长得像。例如:
Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend.
他每
天下午都打电话问候他的女朋友。
The boy takes after his father.
这男孩长得像他父亲。
The dogs went after the wounded deer.
一群狗在追赶那只受伤的
鹿。
构成的其它短语。
after
在不同的短语中意思各异:
after a little/moment/while
过了一会,
after all
毕竟
,after
darkxx
以后,
after
one's
heart
合…的心
,
after
school
放学后,
after
service
售后服务,
after
the
fashion
勉强,
day
after
day
日复一日,
one after another
一个接一个,
year after year
年复
一年。例如:
Don't be too strict with him. After all he is still a child.
不要太苛刻了,毕竟他还是个孩子。
He can speak and write English after a fashion.
他多少会说和写一点英语,但不太好。
三、
At
1.
动词
+
at
。
at
表示
“指向某一 目标,
到达某地”
:
arrive
at
抵达
,call
at
访问某地
, catch at(it)
当场抓住
, come at
攻击
, fire at
向…
开火
,glance
at
瞟一眼
,
glare
at
怒目而视
,
grieve
at
忧伤,
knock
at
敲
,laugh
at
嘲笑
,
look
at
看一眼
,
pull
at
拉扯
,
rejoice
at
对…高兴,
smile
at
向某人微笑
, shoot at
朝…射击
, stare at
怒目而视
,thrust at
刺向
, tear at
撕
, tremble at
颤抖,
wonder at
吃惊,
work at
工
作。例如:
Don't let me catch you again at it.
不要再让我当场逮住你。
We must
“
shoot the arrow at the target
”
.
我们必须有的放
矢。
.
英语中常见介词用法总结
They trembled at the sight of the peasant's spears.
看到农民
的梭标,他们阵阵发抖。
2. be +
形容词
/
过去分词
+ at
。其中
at
表示“情 绪、情感的原因,
或对某物具有某种感情”
:
be angry at
恼怒于
, be alarmed at
对…
保持警觉
,be
astonished
at
对…吃惊
,
be
bad
at
不擅长
,
be
clever
at
对某事很灵巧
,be delighted at
高兴,
be
disgusted
at
厌恶
, be
disappointed
at
对…失望,
be
good
at
擅长
,
be
impatient
at
对…
不够耐心
, be mad at
狂热于
,be pleased
at
对…感到高兴
, be present at
出席
, be satisfied at
满意
,be
surprised
at
吃惊
,
be
shocked
at
对…非常震惊,
be
terrified
at
受到…的恐吓
,be
quick at
对…很机敏。例如:
They were overjoyed at his return to work.
他们对他重返工作
感到欣喜。
They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in
the colonies.
他们对殖民地日益壮大的解放运动警觉起来。
+
名词构成的词组:
at a distance
在一定距离,
at a loss
不知
所措,
at a time
一次,
at all
一点也不,
at any cost
不惜一切代价,
at
best
最好也只是,
at first
起初,
at hand
手头,
at heart
在内心
里,
at
home
在家;无拘束,
at
last
最后,
at
least
至少,
at
most
最多,
at
once
马上,
at
present
目前,
at
sea
不知所措,
at
times
有时,
at will
任意地,
at work
起作用,
at worst
最坏。
4.
其它含有
at
的短语:
work hard at
勤奋工作,
drop in at
顺路拜
访。
四、
For
1.
动词
+for
a)
动 词
+for
。
for
表原因、
目的:
account
for
解释;
说明
,
answer
for
对…负责
,apply
for
申请;
请求
,
apologize
for
为…而道歉
,
beg
for
请求
,
call
for
要求
,care
for
在意
,
enter
for
报名参加
,
fight
for
为…而战
, hope for
希望
,inquire for
查询;求见
, leave for
离
开某地到另一地
, look for, prepare f
计划做某事
, plan for
误认
为
,mistake for
盼望
, long for
寻找
英语中常见介词用法总结
or
为…作准备
,provide
for
为…提供
,
reach
for
伸手去拿
,
run
for
竞选
, stand for
象征
,search for
搜寻
, send for
派人去请
, speak
forxx
意见、愿望
,
take
for
当作
,
wish
for
希望
,
wait
for
等待。
例如:
His illness accounts for his absence.
他因病缺席。
The baby reached for the apple but couldn't reach it.
那婴儿
伸手去苹果,但够不着。
He who would search for pearls must dive below.
要想找到珍珠,
必须潜到海底。
b)
动词
+sb.+ for +sth.
。
for
表示原因或目的:
ask for
要求得
到
,blame
for
因…责备
,
excuse
for
宽恕
,
forgive
for
谅解
,
pardon
forxx,pay forxx,
praise
for
称赞
,
punish
for
对…进行惩罚
,push
for
催逼,
reward
for
酬谢
, thank for
对…表示谢意。例如:
Please excuse me for my being late.
请
xx
我的迟到。
Forgive me for my keeping you waiting.
请见谅,让你久等了。
2. be +
形容词
+for
。
for
表作用、目的、对人或物有某种情绪等:
be anxious for
急于做
, be eager for
渴望
, be bad for
有害于
,be
convenient
for
便于
,
be
good
for
利于
,
be
famous
for
以…出名
,be
fit for
适合于
, be grateful
for
对…心存感激
, be
impatient
for
对…不耐烦
,be late for
迟到
,
be necessary for
有必要
, be ready for
作好准备
,be sorry for
为…而后悔
, be responsible for
对…负责
,be suitable for
适合
于
, be unfit for
不适合
, be useful for
对…有作用。例如:
He is eager for success.
他渴望成功。
The government is responsible for the nation's welfare.
政府
负责民众的
xx
。
+
名词构成的词组:
for
all
尽管,
for
a
song
非常便宜地,
for
certain
确切地,
for company
陪着,
for ever
永远,
for example
例如,
for fear
以免,
for fair
肯定地,
for free
免费,
for fun
为了好玩,
for
good
永远,
for
instance
比方,
for
luckxx
,
for
life
终身,
for long
长久,
for nothing
为了消
for pleasure
替自己,
for oneself
有生第一次,
for once
白白地,
英语中常见介词用法总结
遣,
for reason
因为…理由,
for sale
供出售,
for shame
真不害
臊,
for short
简称,
for sport
好玩,
for sure
确切地。
4.
动词
+
副词
/
名词
+for
构成的短语:
be
in
for
将遇到,
make
up
for
弥补,
go
in
for
从事,
l
o
ok
out
for
提防,
take
sth.
for
granted
把…当作理所当然
,have an ear for
音感好
, have a gift for
有某
方面的天赋。
五、
From
1.
动词
+from
a)
动词
+
from
。
from
表示
“来源、
原因、
起始”
等:
come
from
来自
,date
from
追溯
,
depart
from
违背
,
die
from
死于
,
escape
from
逃出
,fall
from
自…跌落
, hang from
垂挂
, hear from
收到来信
,learn from
向某人学习
,
return
from
自某地返回,
rise
from
自…冒出
,
result
from
起因于
, suffer from
忍受。例如:
All the characters in the book are drawn from real life.
书中
所有的人物都来自于真实的生活。
Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the
borrower.
因疏忽引起的任何损坏都应由借用者负责赔偿。
He has recovered from his surprise.
他好不容易回过神来。
b)
动词
+
sth./sb.
+from
+
sth./
sb.
/a
place
。
from
表示“来源、
免于”等:borrow from
向…借
, choose from
选自
, excuse from
免除
,
keep
from
阻止做
,prevent
from
不准做
,
protect
from
不受…
之害
, receive from
收到
,remove from
移动;除去
, save from
保
全;拯救
, separate from
分离开来
,stop from
阻止。例如:
He was excused from attendance at the lecture.
他获准可不去
听课。
Stop the child from spoiling the book.
不要让孩子弄坏了书。
2.
be
+
形容词
+
from
。此时
from
含义众多:
be
absent
from
缺席
,be
different from
与众不同
, be far from
更不用说
, be hidden from
躲避
,be made from
用…制成
, be tired from
因…而疲倦。例如:
The boy can't walk and is far from running.
那男孩不会走路,
更不用说
跑了。
.
英语中常见介词用法总结
…
to
…。
本短语表示从一种状态到另一状态的变化或从…到…:
from bad to worse
每况愈下,
from beginning to end
自始至终,
from
cover
to
cover
从头到尾,
from
China
to
Peru
到处,
from
day
to
day
一天一天地,
from door to door
挨家挨户,
from
end
to end
从头至尾,
from first to last
自始至终,
from hand to mouth
勉
强糊冢琭
rom head to foot
从头到脚,
from mouth to mouth
广泛
流传,
from sun to sun
从日出到日落,
from start to finish
从头
开始,
from
top
to
toe
从头到脚,
from
time
to
time
不时地,
from
top to bottom
彻底地。
六、
In
1.
动词
+in
a)
动词
+
in
。
in
在短语中的含义异常丰富:
believe
in
信任
,
break
in
碎成,
bring in
引起;产生;带来
, call in
下令收回
, fill in
填充
,get in
收获
, hand in
上缴
, involve in
涉及
, lie in
在于
,
result in
导致
, share
in
共享
,succeed
in
成功
,
take
in
卷起;订阅
,
turn
in
归还当局。
例如:
He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that
he ha
d made.
他很缺乏资金,不得不收回所有的款子。
Your failure lies in your laziness.
你失败的原因在于懒惰。
Orders are given to take in sail.
已发布收帆的命令。
b)
动词
+sb./time/money+
in
。介词
in
后接(
doing
)
sth.
:
help
sb.
in
帮助某人做某事
, spare time/money in
匀出时间或钱做某
事
,spend time/money in
花时间或钱做某事
,waste time/money in
浪费时间或钱做某事。例如:
She
offered
to
help
him
in
the
housekeeping
when
I
am
not
here.
她提
出,我不在家时她可以帮助他料理家务。
2. be +
形容词
+ in
。
in
表示“在某些方面或穿着”
:
be active in
活跃于
,be absorbed in
专心致志
, be busy in
忙碌
, be born in
出生于
,be
concerned
in
牵涉
,
be
clothed
in
穿着
,
be
disappointed
in
对…失望
,be diligent
in
勤于
,
be
experienced
in
在…有经验
,
be
employed
in
任职于
,be
engage
d in
忙碌
, be expert in
某方面的专家
, be excellent in
在…优秀
,be inte,be slow in
富有
, be rich in
缺乏
, be lacking
in
对…有兴趣
rested in
英语中常见介词用法总结
迟缓
, be successful in
在某方面成功
, be skilled in
精于
,be
strict in
严于
, be weak in
弱于。例如:
She was completely absorbed in her own affairs.
她完全专注于
自己的事务。
More than one person has been concerned in this.
不只一人牵
涉到这件事。
3. in +
名词。
in
表示“处于某种状态或在某些方面”等意思:
in
advance
提前
,in all
总共,
in balance
总而言之,
in bed
卧床,
in
body
亲自,
in brief
简明扼要,
in case
万一
, in charge
主管,
in
danger
有危险
, in debt
负债
, in despair
失望
,in force
大量地;
有效,
in full
全部地
, in flower
开花
,in general
一般说来
,in
itself
本身
,
in
love
恋爱
,
in
order
井然有序
,
in
person
亲自
,in
public
公开地
, in progress
有进展
, in practice
从实践上看
, in
rags
穿着破衣
, in research
探索
, in return
作为报答
,in ruins
一片废墟
,in short
总之
,in theory
从理论上看
, in trouble
有麻
烦
, in tears
眼泪汪汪
,in time
及时
, in turn
按顺序
, in vain
白
白地,
in view
看得见。
注意下列几个词组中的
in
为副词:
check
in
到达登记,
cut
in
插嘴,
count
in
包括
,draw
in
时间接近
,
drop
in
顺路拜访
,
give
in
屈服
,
pour in
源源而来。
七、
Of
1.
动词
+of
a)
动词
+of
。
of
意为
“有关,
由于”
:
beg
of(sb.)
请求某人
,complain
of
抱怨,
consist of
由…构成
, die of
死于
, dream of
梦想
, hear
of
听说
, know of
了解
,speak of
谈及
, tell of
讲到
, think of
想
起
, talk of
论及。例如:
Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we give.
从来没有人抱怨我们带来这么多麻烦。
Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen.
二氧化碳由碳、
氧两种元
素组成。
.
英语中常见介词用法总结
b)
动词
+sb.+of+s th.
。其中
of
有“剥夺,有关”之意:
accuse of
控告(谴责,非难)某人
, cheat of
骗走
, deprive of
剥夺
,inform
of
汇报
, rob of
抢走
, remind of
提醒
, warn of
警告。例如:
He has cheated me of my poverty.
他骗走了我的财产。
They are deprived of their rights as citizens.
他们的公民权都
被剥夺了。
c)
动词
+sth.+ of +sb.
。介词
of
表动宾关系,后接动作的宾语
sb.
:
request of
请求
(
某人做某事
), require of
要求得到。例如:
All I request of you is that you should come here early.
我唯
一的请求就是希望你早点来。
You have done all the law requires of you.
你做的这一切都是法
律对你的要求。
2. be +
形容词
+ of
。
of
后接表对象或目标的词,这类短语有很多:
be aware of
觉察
, be ashamed of
以…为耻
, be afraid of
担心
,be
bare
of
没有
,
be
careful
of
小心
,
be
clear
of
还清债务
,be
certain
of
确信
, be
composed of
由…构成
, be envious of
嫉妒
,be forgetful of
健忘
,
be
fond
of
喜欢
,
be
free
of
免于;摆脱
,
be
full
of
充满
,
be
guilty
of
认罪
,
be
hopeful
of
抱有希望
,be
informed
of
汇报
,
be
impatient
of
对…无耐心
,
be
jealous
of
嫉妒
,be
made
of
用…制成
,
be
mindful
of
留意
, be proud
of
以…为骄傲
,be sick of
烦于
, be short of
缺乏
, be sure of
确
信
, be tired of
困于
,be worthy of
值得。
+
名词构成的词组:
of age
成年
, of choice
精选的,
of course
当然
,of
late
最近,
of name
有名的,
of oneself
自动地,
of purpose
有意
地,
of use
有用,
of values
有价值的。
八、
On
1.
动词
+on
a)
动词
+
on
。介词
on
表示“凭借,产生某结果,接通”等意思:
act
on
对…有作用
, bring on
促使;导致
, call on
拜访某人
,count on
依赖
,
carry
on,
继续
,
go
on
料想;推断
,figure
on
以…为生
,
feed
on
取决
,depend on
执行
英语中常见介词用法总结
have
on
穿着
,
insist
on
坚持
,keep
on
继续
,
lean
on
依赖
,
live
on
以…为生
,
pull
on
迅速穿上
,put
on
穿上
,
switch
on
接通(电源)
,
take to
喜欢;养成;轻易学会,
turn on
接通(电源)
, work on
操作
, wait on
侍候。例如:
This
kind
of
medicine acts on the
heart.
这种药对心脏有好处。
The fine weather brings on the crops nicely.
好天气促使庄稼
长势良好。
We count on you to help.
我们有赖你的帮助。
b)
动词
+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)
。
on
的意思是“以…,对…,在
某方面”
:
base on
以…为基础
, congratulate on
恭贺
, fix on
固
定
, have mercy on
怜悯
,have pity on
怜惜
, keep watch on
监视
,
spend on
把时间、精力花在某方面。例如:
Theory should be based on practice.
理论联系实际。
Congratulate on your success in the competition.
恭喜你竞赛
获得成功。
+
形容词
+on
的词组:
be dependent on
依赖
, be hard on
对某
人苛刻
,be
impressed on
对…印象深刻
, be keen on
渴望
, be strict on
对…
严格。例如:
We can't just be dependent on our parents.
我们不能只依赖父
母。
He is keen on going abroad.
他渴望出国。
+
名词构成的词组:
on
表示处于某种状态或在某个方位:
on
board
乘(车
,
飞机)
,on
call
听候召唤
,
on
duty
值班
,
on
earth
到底
,
on
fire
着火
,
on
foot
步行,
on
guard
在岗,
on
hire
雇用,
on
holiday
度假,
on leave
休假,
on one's knees
跪下
,on one's way
在…的
路上
,on purpose
故意
, on
sale
待售,
on
shore
在岸上
,on
time
准时
,
on
the
move
行动
,
on
the
other
hand
另一方面
,
on
the
spot
当场
,on
the
tip
of
one's
tongue
快要说出口
, on top of
在…的顶部,
on watch
值班。
九、
To
+to
动词
1.
英语中常见介词用法总结
a)
动词
+
to
。
介词
to
意为
“达到,
指向”
等:
adjust
to
适应
,
attend
to
处理;照料
, agree to
赞同
, amount to
加起来达…,
belong to
属于
, come to
达到
, drink to
为…干杯,
get to
到达
, happen to
发生在某人身上
,
hold
to
紧握
,
lead
to
通向
,
listen
to
听
,
occur
to
想起
, object to
反对
, point to
指向
, respond to
回答
, refer
to
参考;指的是…;涉及
, reply to
回答
, see to
负责
,stick to
坚持
, turn to
求助
, write to
给某人写信。例如:
She must learn to adjust herself to English life.
她必须学会
适应
xx
的生活。
Business has to be attended to.
有事要办。
An idea occurred to me.
我想出一个办法。
b)
动词
(+sth.)+to+sb.
。下列动词不能直接带间接宾语
sb.
,要接间接宾语时须在动词后加介词
to
:
announce
to
通知某人
,
describe
to
向某人描述
, explain to
向某人解释
, express to
对某人表达
,
mention to
提及
, nod to
向某人点头
, report to
报告
, say to
告
知
, shout to
对某人大叫
, suggest to
对某人提建议
,speak to
与
某人交谈
,
talk
to
跟某人谈话
,
whisper
to
和某人低声耳语。
例如:
She
suggested
to
me
one
or
two
suitable
people
for
the
committee.
她跟我向委员会推举了一两个合适的人选。
c)
动词
+sth./sb.+
to
+sth./sb.
。
此时介词
to
可译成
“到,
于,
给”
等意思:
add to
增加
, compare to
比作
, carry to
运送至
, devote
to
致力于
,introduce to
介绍给
, invite to
邀请参加
, join to
连
接到
, leave to
委托给
,reduce to
下降至
, sentence to
判处
, take
to
带到。例如:
Please add a piece of candy to coffee.
请给咖啡加块糖。
Poets
like
to
compare
life
to
stage.
诗人喜欢把人生比作舞台。
2. be +
形容词
/
过去分词
+ to
。
to
的意思是“对…”
:
be alive to
觉察;
晓得
,be
attentive
to
注意;
留心
,
be
awake
to
知晓
,
be
blind
to
缺乏眼光
,be close to
紧挨着
, be
common to
对某人来说很普通
,
be contrary to
违有…的
, be equal to
不愿意听
, be deaf to
致
力
, be devoted to
反;反对.
英语中常见介词用法总结
力量
,be
exposed
to
暴露;遭受
,
be
fair
to
对…公平
,
be
familiar
to
对某人来说熟悉
,be grateful to
对某人心存感激
, be good to
对…有好处
, be
harmful to
对…有危害
,be important to
对…重要
, be kind to
友
好对待
, b
e known toxx
于
,be married to
嫁给
, be moved to
转移
到
, be near to
靠近
,be necessary to
对…有必要
, be opposite to
在对面
,
be
opposed
to
反对
,be
pleasant
to
合某人之意
,
be
proper
to
专属
,
be
polite
to
礼貌待人
,be
rude
to
粗暴对待
,
be
relative
to
与…有关
, be strange to
不习惯
,be
similar
to
类似
,
be
suitable
to
适合
,
be
true
to
忠实
,be
thankful
to
感激
, be useful to
对…有用
, be used to
习惯。例如:
Are you alive to what is going on?
你注意到发生什么事了吗?
The old man was not equal to the situation.
那老人不能应付这
种情况。
His house is opposite to mine.
他的房子在我的房子对面。
+
名词构成的词组有:
to a degree
在某种程度上
, to date
到现
在为止
,to one's feet
跳起来,
to one's mind
照…看来
, to one's
surprise
使…吃惊
,to one's taste
符合胃口
, to oneself
独自享
用
, to order
定做
,to the letter
不折不扣地
, to the point
中肯
地。
xx
词
xx
词又叫前置词,
是一种虚词。
xx
词分为三种,
一种是简单
xx
词,
如
at,
in, on, beside, to , for
等;另一种是短语
xx
词,即由两个以< br>xx
的词组组成的短语,如
in front of, because of, out of, instead
of
等;还有一种叫二重
xx
词,如
until after, from behind
等。
(一)
xx
词的句法功能
xx
词不能独立在句xx
做成份,
xx
词后必须与名词、代词、或动名
词构成
xx< br>词短语在句
xx
充当一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它
人、物、事件等之间 的关系。
1
、作定语:
The book on the table is mine.
2
、作状语:
We have breakfast at seven.
(表时间)
;
They were
late
for meeting because
of
the heavy rain.
(表原因)
;
They started
the
(表方法)
machine by pressing the button.
英语中常见介词用法总结
3
、作表语:
My dictionary is in the bag.
4
、作宾语补足语:
I found him in the office.
(二)主要
xx
词区别
1
、
表示时间的
at,
in,
on
:
at
表示片刻的时间,
如:
at
8
o'clock
,
xx
用词组有:
at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at
that
time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New
Year
等。
in
表示一段的时间,
如:
in
the
morning,
in
the
afternoon,
in the
evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the
future
等。
on
总是跟日子有关,
on
Monday,
on
Christmas
morning,
on the
following, on May Day, on a warm morning
等。
2
、
表示时间的
since< br>和
from
:
since
表示从过去到现在的一
xx
的
过程,
xx
与现在完成时连用。
from
表示从时间的某一点开始 ,不涉
及与现在的关系。
一般多与现在时、
过去时、
将来时连用。
如 :
I
hope
to do morning
exercises
from
today./
We
have
not
seen
each
other
since
1995.
3
、表示时间的
in
和
after
:两者都表示“在( 某个时间)之后,
区别在于
in
表示“在(一
xx
)之后”
,而
after
则表示“在(某一
具体时间点之后)
”
,
i n
短语和将来时态连用,
after
短语和过去时态
或将来时态连用。如:< br>We'll be
back
in
three days./
After seven
the rain began to
fall./ What shall we do after graduation?
注意:< br>after
有时也可以表示在一
xx
之后
(
xx
用在 过去时里)
。
如:
After two months he returned.
4
、表示地理位置的
in, on, to
:
in
表示 在某范围内,
on
指与什
么毗邻,
to
指在某环境范围之外。
如:
Changchun
is
in
the
northeast
of China./
is on the north of China./ is to the east of .
5
、表示“在… …
xx
”的
on
和
in
:
on
只表示在某 物的表面
xx
,而
用
in
表示占去某物一部分。
如:
There
is
a
book on the piece
of
paper./ There
is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in
the
wall.
6
、表示“穿过……”的
throu gh
和
across
:
through
表示从内部
通过,< br>与
in
有关;
across
则表示从一端至另一端在表面
x x
的通过,
与
on
有关。如:
Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the
street.
7
、
in
the
corner,
on
the
corner,
at
the
corner
:
in
the
corner
表示在角落里,
in
指角的内面;
on the corner
表示 “在角
xx
”
,
on
指的不是内指
at
指“在拐角 处”
,
at the corner
面,也不是外面,
而含内外兼有之意;
英语中常见介词用法总结
的是拐角外附近的外面。如:
The
lamp
stands
in
the
corner
of
the
room./
I met with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of
the
table.
8
、
in the end, at the end of, by the end of
:
in the end
作
“最后”
、
“终于”解,可单独使用,后不接
xx
词
o f
;
at
the
end
of
表示“在……末梢”< br>,
“到……尽头”
,既可指时间,也可以指地
xx
或
物体。不 可单独使用;
by the end of
作“在……结束时”
,
“到……
末为止”
解,
只能指时间。
不可单独使用。
如:
In
the
end
they
reached
a place of safety./
At
the
end
of
the
road
stands
a
beautiful
garden./
They
decided
to
have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the end
of last
month he had finished the novel.
9
、表示“关于”的
about
和
on:两者都有“关于”的意思,不过
前者为一般用词,而后者为较正式的“论述”
。如:He came to tell
me about
something important./ He wrote a book on science.
10
、
between, among
:一般说来,
between
表示两者之间,
among
用于三者或三者以
xx
的
xx
间 。如:
You are to sit between your
father and me./
He is always happy among his classmates.
注意:但有时说的虽然是三个以
xx
的人或
xx
,如果 强调的是两两
相互间接关系,适用于
between
。如:
Agreemen ts
were
made
between
the
different countries.
在谈到一些事物或一组事物,而把它们视为分居两边时用
between
。如:
The little
valley
lies
between
high
mount ains.
。
在谈事物间的差别时,
总是用
between
。
如:
They
don't
know the difference
between wheat, oats and barley.
11
、
besides, except, but, except for
:besides
指“除了……
还有,再加
xx
”
。如:
All
went
out
besides
me.
;
e xcept
指“除了,
减去什么”
,不能放在句首。如:
All went out except me.
;
but
与
except
意思近似 ,表示“除了……外”经
xx
用在
no,
all,
nobody,
anywhere, everything
等和其他疑问词后面。如:
I never saw him
reading anything but the
newspaper.
;
except
for
表示“如无……就,只是”表明理由细节。
如:
His
diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
。
12
、表示“用”的
in
和
with
:表示工具的“用”
,用
with
,而表
示材料、 方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的“用”
,用
in
。
如:
H e is
writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./
We
measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell
me the
英语中常见介词用法总结
story in English.
13
、
in
charge
of
和
in
the
charge
of
:两者都表示“由谁负责、
照顾、管理”
。区别在于:
in
charge
of
后接被照管的人或物,而
in
the charge of
后面则跟照管的人。如:
Who is in charge of the
project?/ The project
is in the charge of an engineer.
。
14
、
as, like
:
as
作“作为”
、
“以 ……地位或身份”解。如:
Let
me
speak to
you as
a
father.
(事实是父亲)
;
like
作“ 象……一样”
解。如:
Let
me
speak
to
you
like
a
father.
(事实
xx
不是父亲)
。
15
、
in front of
和
in the front of
:
in front of = before
,
是
“在……前 面”
的意思
(不在某物内)
;
in
the
front
of
则是
“在……
前部”的意思(在某物内)
。如:
The re is a desk in front of the
blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.
。
16
、
in,
into
:
into
表示动向,
不 表示目的地或位置。
如:
We
walked
into the park.
;
in
通
xx
表示位置。如:
We walked in the park
;
in
和
drop, fall, put, throw, break
等终止性动词连用时,也可
以表示动向。如:
I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.
我把
硬币 放进衣袋。高
xx
英语语法复习专题讲解
-xx
词连词
一、考点聚焦
1
、
xx
词的分类与语法功能
(
1
)
xx
词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或
相当于名词的其他词 类、短语或从句等)构成
xx
词短语,在句
xx
充
当一个成分。xx
词分为:简单
xx
词,如
at
、
in
、< br>for
等;合成
xx
词,
如
within
、
inside
、
onto
、
througout
等;
短语< br>xx
词,
如
according
to
、
out of
、
because of
、
by
means
of
、
in
spite
of
、
instead
of
等。双重
xx
词,如
from
behind
/
above / under
、
until after
等。 分词
xx
词,如
considering
、
including、
judging(from / by)
等。
xx
见的
xx
词宾语:名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式等。如:
①
It
is
going
to
rain
this
afternoon
according
to
the
weather
forecast.
②
He quarrelled with her yesterday.
③
He succeeded in passing the final exam.
④
I'm still thinking of how I can fulfil the task ahead of
time.
⑤
The professor will give us a talk on how to study English
well.
等。如:
xx
可作表语、定语、状语
xx
词短语在句
xx
)
2
(
英语中常见介词用法总结
①
This machine is in good condition.(
表语
)
②
Where is the key to my bike?(
定语
)
③
Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(
状
语
)
④
She always thinks herself above others.
(
xx
)
2
、
xx
词搭配
(
1
)
“动词
+xx
词”搭配:注意特定搭配与同一
xx
词与多个动词
搭配 意
xx
不同的情况。
①
rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow(
“夺去、除去”
意
xx
的动词与
of
连用
)
②
supply us with food / fill the glass with wine
(
“供给”
意
xx
的动词与
with
连用 )
③
make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the
material
into a coat
(
“制作、制造”意
xx
与
of
、
f rom
、
into
连用)
④
xx
词
+ the +
部位与动词的关系(
=
动词
+ sb.'s +
部位,可
换用)
strike him on the head(
“击,拍,碰,摸”意
xx
与
on
连用
)
catch him by the arm(
“抓,拉,拿,扯”意
xx
与
by
连用
)
hit the boy in the face
(
“肚,胸,眼,脸”等人体前部与
in
连用)
⑤
prevent(stop, keep)sb. from doing sth.(
“阻止,禁止”意
xx
与
from
连用
)
⑥
persuade(advise, warn)sb. into doing sth.
(
“说服,建议”
意
xx
与
into
连用)
⑦
buy sb. for sth.(leave
、
get
、
win
、
gain
、
lose
等“得失”
意
xx
与
for
连用
)
⑧
tell
sb.(show
、
teach
、
sing
、
write
、
read
等“告知”
意< br>xx
与
to
连用
)
⑨
give
sth.
to
sb.
(
give
、
allow
、
promise
、
pass
、
hand
等“授< br>予”意
xx
与
to
连用)
注意:⑦⑧⑨可换成
buy
结构。
⑩
say to sb.(suggest
、
explain
、apologize
、
murmur
、
whisper
与“对象 ”连用必须用
to)
不可说
suggest .
。
同一动词与不同
xx
词搭配意
xx
不同。
look for
(寻找)
agree to sth. hear of(
听说
) call on(
拜访
)
look to (
眺望
) agree with sb. call for(
需要
)
)
请
) call in(
收到信
agree on sth. hear from(
(看)
look at
英语中常见介词用法总结
同一
xx
词与不同动词搭配,意
xx
各异。
reply to the letter
回信,
sing(dance)to the music
和……唱
(跳)
,
amount
to
达到,加起来有……,
devote
to
把……贡献给,
drink
to
为……干杯,
object
to
反对,
look
forward
to
渴望,
come
toxx
,
belong to
属于,
search for
搜……,
ask
…
for
…
寻找,
use
…
for
用作,
leave for
前往,
take
…
for
误以为,
call of
倡导,
wait
for
等待,
care
for
喜欢,
make
up
for
弥补损失,
turn
to
求助
(救)
于,
help
oneself
to
随意,
agree
to
同意,
compare
…
to
把……比作,
send for
派人去请(拿)……,
sail for
驶向,航
向,
set out for
动身去,
go in for
爱好……。
(
2
)
xx
见“形容词
+ xx
词”搭配。
afraid of
担心……
angry about / at sth.
afraid
afraid for
替……而担心
angry with sb.
anxious for sth.
渴望……
different from
与……不同
anxious
about
sth. / sb
担心……
different to
…
不关心……
tired of
讨厌
strict with sb.
tired from/ with
因……疲倦
strict in sth.
要求严格
good at
擅长
popular with sb.
受……欢迎
good for
对……有益
popular in some place
流行在……
good of sb. to do so
友好
popular for
…
因……而流行
pleased with +
名词或
what
从句
pleased at +
抽象名词(听
/
看到……而高兴)
helpful to
对……有帮助
known to sb.
为人所知
known for
因……而出名
be familiar with
熟
xx
known as
作为……出名
be familiar to
为……熟知(
xx
)
sorry for
…
替……后悔
disappointed at sth.
失望
rich in
富有……
absent from
缺席
absent in
离开此地去了……
worthy of
值得的,
glad about sth. for sb.
为某人某事高兴,
far from
离……远,
grateful for sth. to sb.
为某事感激某人,
free from
没有……(免除……)
,
proud of(take pride in)
自豪,
satisfied with (by)
满意,
sure of / about
确信,
fond of
喜欢,
fit for
适合,
busy with sth.(in
相似,
similar
to
准备,
ready
for
充满,
full
of
忙着干某事,
doing
sth.)
.
英语中常见介词用法总结
wrong with
不对;有毛病……
(
3
)
“名词
+ xx
词”要注意习惯搭配和意
xx
区分。
the absence of water
缺水
the hope of success
成功的希望
have a chance of (for) entering collegexx
大学的机会
take pride in them
为他们感到骄傲
the key to the question
问题的答案
a medicine for cough
治咳嗽的药
the ticket for tomorrow
明天的票
his abesence in Beijing
去了
xx
his abesence from Beijing
不在
xx
the way to study
学习方法
the way of studying maths
学习教学的方法
3
、核心
xx
词用法归纳与辨析
(
1)表示时间的
xx
词
in
的用法如下。
表示在某一较长时间内,如世纪、年、月、季、
xx
等一般用
xx
词
in
,
如:
in the 1990s, in the year, in January, in(the) winter /
summer / fall / spring, in the first week of May
。
还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。如:
in a while, in no
time,
in the daytime, in a short while, in time, in the morning
(afternoon,
evening)
。但要注意:
①
at night / at noon, in the day(
在白天
),in the night
(大
夜间)
。
②
in five days
(
weeks, months, years
)
xxin
意思是“在……
以后”
。
③
in
和
during
表一
xx
内两 词可互用。如:
in
the
night,
during
the
night, in the war, during the war
。但略有区别:当接表示“活
动”
的抽象名词时多用
during
,
接
“活动”
的动名词及短语时用
in
。
如:
during the discussion in discussing the problem
during her stay in Hubei in playing basketball
during the course of in digging the tunnel
(
2
)在具体的某一天或某天
xx< br>午、晚
xx
、前夕,
xx
用
on
。
on Sunday(s).on Tuesday morning
on Christmas Day(
但
at Chrismas),on Christmas Eve, on
Children's Day
on March 8, on the morning (afternoon, evening)of Oct.1
英语中常见介词用法总结
early
on
the
morning
of
Oct.1(
区别:
in
the
late
/
early
morning
of Oct.1)
on a rainy night, on warm winter days
(3)
表示某一时刻或某一点时间用
at,
如小时、分钟等。
at breakfast(supper, lunch),at six
at noon (sunrise, sunset, midday, night, midnight, dawn)
at the age of 15, at the time of war,
但
in time of danger/
trouble
。
注意:有些时间名词前不接
xx
词。如:
next day
、
last Sunday
、
that morning
、
these years
one
、
eac h
、
any
、
every
、
some
、
a ll
修饰时
,
一般不用
xx
词
,
如
som e
day
one day
、
yesterday / afternoon,the night before
(
4
)< br>till
、
until
、
to
的用法。
①
till(until)
与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句
xx
,与 短暂动词连
用一般用在否定句
xx
。如:
He waited for me till twelve o'clock.
He didn't get up till(until) (
不可用
to).
但注意:
在句首出现或强调句型
xx
一般不用
till
而用
until
。
如:
Not until 9 come back to school.
②
to
表“终结”时
xx
用和
from
连用,但要注意不与
from
连用时
的意
xx
。
如:
from
July
to
September,
from
six
to(till)eight< br>(从……
到……为止)
,
但
from
morning
till
night
(从早到晚)
,
不能用
to
。
from
…
toxx
构成习惯搭配,
不可换用其他
xx
词。
(
A
)
表持久连续、
传递、转移的含
xx
。
fr om
time
to
time(
不时,有时
)
,
from day
to
day (
天天
),from
hand
to hand(
不断传下去
)
,
from
place
to
place
(处处,到处)
,
from
side
to
side(
左右摇摆
)
,
from
door
to
door
(家家户户)
,
from
house
to
house
(挨家挨户)
,
from
shop
to
shop
(一个商店接一个商店)
。
(B)
表起始终 止的全过程或程度加深、
状态
变化。
from beginning to
end(
从头到尾,自始至终
)
(
from the beginning to the end
of
…)
;from
hand
to
mouth(
仅能糊口
)
,
from
bad
to
worse(
越来越糟
)
,
from
head
to
foot(
从头到脚
),
from
top
to
bottom
(整个地,彻底地)
,
from
top
to
toe(
全身
)
,
from
start
to
finish
(自始至终,从头到尾)
。
(
C
)
from
one
+
名词
+
to
(顺着车厢依次地)
。
from one car to another
表示“依次”
。如
another
英语中常见介词用法总结
(
D
)
名词
+
by
+
同一单数名词,
表示
“一个一个地”
,
要与
from
…
to
短语区别开:
one by one
一个一个地;
little by little(bit)
一点一点地;
step by step
一步一步地,逐渐地(但
by and by
不