初中英语语法现在进行时
玛丽莲梦兔
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2021年01月19日 23:23
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初中英语语法
—
现在进行时讲解与习题
现在进行时表示
1
、
现在
(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,
强调
“
此时此刻
”
。
E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.
2
、
当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
E.g. They are working these
days.
3
、某些动词的现在进行时,表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。
E.g I am coming.
其结构为
be+
现在分词
.
现在分词的变法有
1
、一般在动词词尾加上
-ing ,E.g. jump
< br>2
、以不发音字母
e
结尾的动词,先去
e
,再加
-i ng. E.g have
write
3
、
.< br>以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词,它前面是单个元音字母时要
先将词尾的辅音字母双 写,再加上
-ing. E.g. sit put
其句式变换都在
be
上做文章。
E.g. He is buying a bike.
Is he buying a bike?
He isn’t buying a bike.
一般由
look,listen,now, at this moment
等时间状语做标志。
自我检测
(一)
、单选
1
、
Look! He _____their mother do the housework.
A. is helping
B. are help
C. is help
helpping
2
、
_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.
A .Who
B .How
3
、
Don’t talk here. My mother _____.
A. is sleeping
B .are sleeping
C. sleeping
D .sleep
4
、
Danny ______. Don’t call him.
A. is writeing
B .is writing
g
D .writes
5
、
–
When_____he_____back?
–
Sorry, I don’t know.
A. does,come
coming
come
coming
答案:
A
C
A
B
D
(二)、填空
1
、
It’s ten o’clock. My mother _____(lie)in bed.
2
、
What____he _____(mend)?
3
、
We _____(play)games now.
4
、
What ____you____(do) these days?
5
、
____he ___(clean) the classroom?
6
、
Who____(sing)in the next room?
7
、
The girl____(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She ____(wear)a red sweater
today.
答案:
1 is lying
2 is mending
3
are playing
4 are doing
5 Is cleaning
6 is singing
7 likes
is wearing
一、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错
例:
1
、
They are swiming.(swim)
2
、
Jenny is plaiing(play)football.
答案:
ng
2 .playing
解析:
动词变现在分词可有如下口诀< br>:“
一添一去
y
不变
”. “
一添
”
指双写 规则;
“
一去
”
指去掉不发音字母
e
规则;
“y< br>不变
”
指要与名词变复数区分开。
二、丢掉
be
动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词
例:
1
、
Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.
2
、
Li Mingisn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.
答案:
1 are flying
2 isn’t reading
解析
:
现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为
:
“be+
现在分 词
,
缺一不可
”
。这一点必须牢
记。
三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉
doing
例:
1
、
The students are singing in the room.(
对划线部分提问
)
What are the students in the room?
答案:
What are the students doing in the room?
解析
:
现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式
“What +be +
主语
+doing+
其它
?”
或简写为
“What......doing......”?
句式。
四、现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视
or
后用现在分词形式
例:孩子们在跑还是在跳?
Are the children running or jump?
答案:
Are the children running or jumping?
解析
: or
连接的是两个并列成分,动词形式须一致。
一般现在时的讲解与练习
一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一,是 初中英语语法重点。它表示
1)
经常性、习
惯性的动作或存在的状态。
e.g . I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)
表示主语的特征、
性格、能力、爱好等。
e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV
. 3)
表示客观真理
e.g.
There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.
其结构按正常语序,即“主语
+
谓语
+其它”
,有时为了起强调作用,时间状语也可提
前
.
其句式变化可分为两种情况
1)
表示动作,
一般人称作主语的,变否定句须在动词前
加助动词
don
’
t
;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词
do
。
E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They
don
’
t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2
)单三人称做 主语的,
变否定句须在
动词前加助动词
doesn
’
t
;变 一般疑问句须在句首加助动词
does
。
E.g. Jenny speaks English very well.
Jenny doesn
’
t speak English very well.
Does Jenny speak English very well?
含有
be
动词的要在
be
上做变化
.
E.g. Danny is a good student.
Danny isn
’
t a good student.
Is Danny a good student?
其时间状语为
often
、
usually
、
always
、
sometimes
等频率副词,
on Saturdays
、
in the
morning(afternoon evening)
、
every day
等。
学生常见错误如下:
一、
be
动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中
例:
We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.
答案:
plant
解析:学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译,就成了“我们是在春天植树”
。这是学 习
英语最忌讳的,要看语法是不是正确,在英语中,
be
是表状态,
do是表动作,两种动词不
能同时出现在句子中,可记住如下口诀:
“英汉语言有差异,
be
、
do
不能放一起,仔细琢
磨细分析,语法千万要牢记。
”
自我检测:
(
一
)
、
单选
1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.
A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is working; work
2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.
A have B there is C there are D has
3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain
4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.
A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets
5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.
A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking listen
6 Jenny____ English every evening.
A has study B studies C study D studied
答案:
1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B
(
二
)
、填空
<
1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.
2 _____your sister_____(know)English?
3Her home____ _____ ______(
远离
)her school.
4The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.
5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?
6 Who_____(
想要
)to go swimming?
7 ______she_____(do) the housework every day?
8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon .
答案:
1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look
二、单三人称形式易出错
例:
1 He plaies (play) football very well.
2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.
答案:
1 plays 2 goes
解析:
1
以辅音字母加
y
结尾的动 词变单三人称形式才能把
y
换成
i
再加
es
;
2< br>与名词
变复数不同,变单三人称形式以
o
结尾的词要加
es.
三、在句式变换时易出错
例:
1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?
2 Brian doesn
’
t lives (not live) in China.
答案:
1 Does have 2 doesn
’
t live
解析:单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时,可记住如下口诀:
“见助动,用原
形”
。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。
e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.
四、对
do
的理解易出错
例:
We don
’
t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.
答案:
don
’
t do
解析:
do
是一个比较难理解的词,它有三个含义
:
a)
是所有行为动词的总称;
b)
是助动
词,无实义;
c)
是一个具体的 行为动词“做,干”
。此句中给出的
do
指“做,干”
,
not指把
此句变为否定句,故须在
do
前加助动词
don
’
t
。
五、对主语的数判断有误
例:
Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.