初中英语语法现在进行时

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2021年01月19日 23:23
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2021年1月19日发(作者:皮德福)
初中英语语法

现在进行时讲解与习题






现在进行时表示
1

现在
(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,
强调

此时此刻


E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.


2

当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
E.g. They are working these
days.


3
、某些动词的现在进行时,表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。
E.g I am coming.


其结构为
be+
现在分词
.
现在分词的变法有



1
、一般在动词词尾加上
-ing ,E.g. jump

< br>2
、以不发音字母
e
结尾的动词,先去
e
,再加
-i ng. E.g have
write


3

.< br>以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词,它前面是单个元音字母时要
先将词尾的辅音字母双 写,再加上
-ing. E.g. sit put


其句式变换都在
be
上做文章。



E.g. He is buying a bike.


Is he buying a bike?


He isn’t buying a bike.



一般由
look,listen,now, at this moment
等时间状语做标志。





自我检测



(一)

、单选



1


Look! He _____their mother do the housework.


A. is helping
B. are help
C. is help
helpping


2

_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.


A .Who
B .How




3


Don’t talk here. My mother _____.



A. is sleeping
B .are sleeping
C. sleeping
D .sleep


4

Danny ______. Don’t call him.



A. is writeing
B .is writing
g
D .writes


5


When_____he_____back?




Sorry, I don’t know.



A. does,come
coming
come
coming


答案:
A
C
A
B
D


(二)、填空



1


It’s ten o’clock. My mother _____(lie)in bed.



2


What____he _____(mend)?


3


We _____(play)games now.


4


What ____you____(do) these days?


5


____he ___(clean) the classroom?


6


Who____(sing)in the next room?


7

The girl____(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She ____(wear)a red sweater
today.


答案:
1 is lying
2 is mending
3
are playing
4 are doing


5 Is cleaning
6 is singing
7 likes
is wearing


一、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错



例:
1

They are swiming.(swim)


2

Jenny is plaiing(play)football.


答案:
ng
2 .playing


解析:
动词变现在分词可有如下口诀< br>:“
一添一去
y
不变
”. “
一添

指双写 规则;

一去

指去掉不发音字母
e
规则;
“y< br>不变

指要与名词变复数区分开。



二、丢掉
be
动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词



例:
1


Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.


2

Li Mingisn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.



答案:
1 are flying
2 isn’t reading



解析
:
现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为
:
“be+
现在分 词
,
缺一不可

。这一点必须牢
记。



三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉
doing


例:
1

The students are singing in the room.(
对划线部分提问
)


What are the students in the room?


答案:
What are the students doing in the room?


解析
:
现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式
“What +be +
主语
+doing+
其它
?”



或简写为
“What......doing......”?
句式。



四、现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视
or
后用现在分词形式



例:孩子们在跑还是在跳?



Are the children running or jump?


答案:
Are the children running or jumping?


解析
: or
连接的是两个并列成分,动词形式须一致。











一般现在时的讲解与练习


一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一,是 初中英语语法重点。它表示
1)
经常性、习
惯性的动作或存在的状态。
e.g . I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)
表示主语的特征、
性格、能力、爱好等。
e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV
. 3)
表示客观真理

e.g.
There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.




其结构按正常语序,即“主语
+
谓语
+其它”
,有时为了起强调作用,时间状语也可提

.




其句式变化可分为两种情况

1)
表示动作,

一般人称作主语的,变否定句须在动词前
加助动词
don

t
;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词
do


E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They
don

t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2
)单三人称做 主语的,
变否定句须在
动词前加助动词
doesn

t
;变 一般疑问句须在句首加助动词
does





E.g. Jenny speaks English very well.




Jenny doesn

t speak English very well.



Does Jenny speak English very well?




含有
be
动词的要在
be
上做变化
.




E.g. Danny is a good student.



Danny isn

t a good student.




Is Danny a good student?



其时间状语为
often


usually


always


sometimes
等频率副词,
on Saturdays


in the
morning(afternoon evening)

every day
等。





学生常见错误如下:




一、
be
动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中




例:
We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.



答案:
plant



解析:学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译,就成了“我们是在春天植树”
。这是学 习
英语最忌讳的,要看语法是不是正确,在英语中,
be
是表状态,
do是表动作,两种动词不
能同时出现在句子中,可记住如下口诀:
“英汉语言有差异,
be

do
不能放一起,仔细琢
磨细分析,语法千万要牢记。





自我检测:




(

)


单选




1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.



A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is working; work



2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.



A have B there is C there are D has



3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.



A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain



4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.



A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets



5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.



A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking listen



6 Jenny____ English every evening.



A has study B studies C study D studied



答案:
1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B



(

)
、填空
<



1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.



2 _____your sister_____(know)English?



3Her home____ _____ ______(
远离

)her school.



4The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.



5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?



6 Who_____(
想要

)to go swimming?



7 ______she_____(do) the housework every day?



8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon .



答案:
1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look



二、单三人称形式易出错




例:
1 He plaies (play) football very well.



2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.



答案:
1 plays 2 goes



解析:
1
以辅音字母加
y
结尾的动 词变单三人称形式才能把
y
换成
i
再加
es

2< br>与名词
变复数不同,变单三人称形式以
o
结尾的词要加
es.



三、在句式变换时易出错




例:
1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?



2 Brian doesn

t lives (not live) in China.



答案:
1 Does have 2 doesn

t live


解析:单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时,可记住如下口诀:
“见助动,用原
形”
。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。
e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.



四、对
do
的理解易出错


例:
We don

t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.



答案:
don

t do



解析:
do
是一个比较难理解的词,它有三个含义
:
a)
是所有行为动词的总称;
b)
是助动
词,无实义;
c)
是一个具体的 行为动词“做,干”
。此句中给出的
do
指“做,干”

not指把
此句变为否定句,故须在
do
前加助动词
don

t





五、对主语的数判断有误




例:

Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.

高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会


高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会


高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会


高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会


高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会


高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会


高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会


高风峻节-学习杨善洲心得体会