最新中考五大基本句型精讲精练
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2021年01月20日 05:13
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中考五大基本句型精讲精练
1.
主
+
系动词
+
表语（
S+V+P
）
1
）
表特征和存在状态的：
be , seem , feel , look , taste , smell , sound ,appear .
2
）
表状态延续的：
keep , stay, stand ,remain .
3
）
表状态变化的：
become , get , turn , go , come, run ,fall , grow
Eg.
Alice
is
a lovely girl.
He
seems
happy.
The cake
tastes
good.
The students often
keeps
quiet in class.
The boy
became
a teacher at last.
They
are
in the classroom.
The window
was
broken.
His job
is
to teach computers.
The problem
is
where we should go.
His idea
is
that everyone has a picture.
作表语的：名词，
形容词，
过去分词，
v-ing ,
介词短语，从句
练习：
１
.
长大后他成了一个老师。
_________ _____________________________________
２
.
我的梦想是成为一个作家。
_____ ______________________________________
3.
树叶变黄了。
_______________ _________________________________________
4..
这个消息听起来激动人心的。
__ _______________________________________
5.
昨晚他感到有一点儿饿。
__________ ____________________________________
2.
主语
+
不及物动词
(vi.
）
（可有副词修饰）
(S+V)
不带宾语
It
rained
hard last night.
He
runs
quickly.
We must
go
.
不及物动词
+
介词
+
宾语
He
lives in
Nanjing.
Mary is
listening to
the music.
I
go to
school from Monday to Friday.
练习：
１）事故是昨晚发生的。
_ _______________________________________________ ２）那个老人是去年冬天死的。
______________________________ ____________
３）这部小说很畅销。
___________________ _______________________________
4)
我的家乡在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。
_____________________ ____________________________________________
5)
不要笑话别人。
______________ ________________________________________
3.
主语
+
及物动词
+
宾语
(S+V+O)
We
like
him.
The workers are
build
ing a house.
练习：
１）我们必须每 天练习讲英语。
_______________________________________ _
２）你不能犯同样的错误。
_______________________ ______________________
3)
昨天晚上他与一个同学打 了了架。
_____________________________________
4
）
友谊对我们来说意味着很多。
（
matter
）
_______________________________________
5)
下周六我们将在湖上划船。
_______________________ _________________________
4.
主语
+及物动词
+
间接宾语
+
直接宾语
(S+V+DO+IO)
My father
gave
me a book yesterday.=My father
gave
a book
to
me yesterday.
He
bough
t his girlfriend some flowers =He
bought
some flowers
for
his girlfriend.
1
）
和
to
连用的双宾语动词
give , show , pass , offer, hand, lend ,pay , sell, send, write, teach, tell, wish
etc
.
He passed me a piece of paper .=He passed a piece of paper to me .
He writes me a letter every week.=______________________________________
I sold James my car for $$800 =__________________________________________
2)
和
for
连用的双宾语动词
3)
make , buy , bring , fetch, get , order , save , sing , spare ,
His father bought him a computer.=___________________________ __________________
Fetch me some chalk ,please.=______________________________ ___________________
Can you spare us a few minutes?=___________________________________ ____________
练习：
１）他把座位 让给了我。
_________________________________________ ______________
２）昨天
他父亲给他买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
__________________ __________________________________________________ __________
3
）张老师教我们语文。
___________ _____________________________________________
4)
这个组织为孩子们提供各种书籍。
_______________ ______________________________
5)
你能借我一些钱吗？
____________________________________ ____________________
5.
主语
+
及物动词
+
宾语
+
宾语补足语
(S+V+O+C)
You should not make your mother angry.
I often heard birds sing in the morning.
I find English very easy.
A man can lead a horse to the water, but he can
’
t make it drink.
练习：
1
）我发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。
___________________________________ _________________
2
）我使学生一直在读课文（
keep)__ ____________________________________________
3 )
我发现这本书很有趣。
_______________________________ _____________________
4
）我们选他当班长。
______ _________________________________________________
5)
当时他听到有人在呼救。
_________________________ _______________________
６
.
There be
句型：
There is
a house near the lake.
There are
many amazing things in the world.
There will be / used to be /seems to be / must be / happens to be
There lies / stands / lives / exists
…
.
练习：
1
）下周我们学校将有一场篮球赛。
__________ _______________________________________
2
） 这儿曾经有个图书馆。
____________________________________ ____________________
3
）在桌子上有一支钢笔和一些书。
_ _______________________________________________ 4
）在这篇文章中移动有一些错误。
________________________ ________________________
5
）有两个学生在教室读英语。
_________________________________________________ ___
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1
．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When a man was walking by some elephants, he suddenly stopped He wondered why these
huge animals were being held only by a small rope tied to their front legs. No chains, no cages. It
was clear that the elephants could break the rope at any time, but for sonic reason, they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why the animals just stood there and didn't try to get away.
to keep them from running away. At that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are
conditioned to believe they cannot break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they
never try to break free.
The man was surprised. These animals could break flee whenever they wanted, but because
they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.
How many of us go through life like the elephants- holding onto the belief that we cannot do
something simply because we failed at it once before?
Failure is a part of learning. If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If we try
again and again, maybe we will succeed one day. So don't be afraid of failure and keep on trying.
（
1
）
Why did the elephants never try to break the rope after they grew up?
A. Because they liked being tied. B. Because they were too weak to break it.
C. Because they didn't want to break it. D. Because they thought they couldn't break it.
（
2
）
The underlined word
A. left B. caught C. killed D. found
（
3
）
What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Elephants should be set flee.
B. Failure can help us succeed.
C. Never let failure stop you from trying again.
D. People should look after the elephants well.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】
本文
主要介绍了一个男人看到大象被绳子绑住了 一只脚而不逃走，
由此引
发对人生的思考。
（
1
）细节题。根据原文提到了
As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot
break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free.
可知大象小时
候被绑住，长大了以后依然认为绳子可以拴住他们，故选
D
。
（
2
）推断题。根据原文提到了
because
they
believed
they
couldn't,
可知他们认为自己已
经被这根绳子困住了，故选
B
。
（
3
）
主旨大意题。
根据原文提到了
If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If
we try again and again, maybe we will succeed one day.
可知作者想告诉我们永远不要被困难
打倒，坚强起来，故选
C
。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，
细节题要注意从
文中寻找答案；
推断题需要联系上下文，
推断出需要的信息；
主旨题需要通读全文，了解大
意之后找出中心思想。
2
．
根据内容，判断下列句子正误。
On a farm lived a father and a son. The father always got up early and read books by the stove.
One morning, the son came up to him and said,
them the next morning. What's the good of reading?
The father didn't reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to carry
coal. He said,
The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the
water leaked (
漏掉
) from the basket.
An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible
to
hold
water
with
the
basket.
The
father
said
with
a
smile.
you
are
right,
my
son.
The
basket can't hold water. But did you notice the basket was different?
basket had become clean. The father continued,
Although we can't remember all we read, we have changed while reading.
（
1
）
The father was used to reading in the morning.
（
2
）
The son wondered if reading was good for him.
（
3
）
The father didn't answer his son's question because he thought it was stupid.
（
4
）
The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river.
（
5
）
From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person.
【答案】
（
1
）
1
（
2
）
1
（
3
）
0
（
4
）
0
（
5
）
1
【解析】
【分析】主要讲了父亲是怎样教育儿子读书的好处的。
（
1
）细节题。根据
The father always got up early and read books by the stove.
可知父亲总是
早起在炉子旁边读书，故填正确。
（
2
）
细节题。
根据
Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's
the good of reading?
可知儿子问父亲读书的好处是什么 ，即想知道读书是否有好处，故填正
确。
（
3
）细节题 。根据后文可知父亲通过用篮子取水的事情回答儿子的问题，故填错误。
（
4
）细节题。根据
The son found the dirty basket had become clean
可知儿子发现脏的篮子
取水后变得干净，故填错误。
（
5
）细节题。根据全文可知读书可以对人产生作用，故填正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
3
．
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
Once there was a small hotel whose keeper was always caring about money.
One day, a businessman arrived. The keeper looked at the man's thick wallet and thought,
I wish that all the money could be mine!
most expensive room and went to his room to dress for dinner.
Around the hotel, there were some beautiful ginger(
姜
) plants. Many people said that eating
the buds(
芽
) of ginger would make a person forgetful.
The keeper thought,
to take his wallet!
Soon, businessman came downstairs and asked for dinner. The keeper was very excited as she
served the dish to him.
happily.
In the next morning, the keeper saw the businessman leaving from the front door. As soon as
he was out of sight, she ran up to his room. She looked all over the room for the wallet, but she
couldn't
find
it.
Suddenly,
she
noticed
a
piece
of
paper
on
the
floor.
It
was
the
businessman's
bill(
账单
). He had forgotten to pay it! She ran down the stairs, out of the front door, and across
the
road
until
she
was
out
of
breath,
but
the
businessman
was
already
far,
far
away.
so
silly!”
（
1
）
The keeper came up with an idea to own the businessman's money when __________.
A. she dressed herself
B. she cooked the meal in the kitchen
C. the businessman went upstairs happily
D. she thought of the buds of ginger around her hotel