英语四级阅读三篇
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2021年01月20日 05:52
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酒店业务-范仲淹介绍
Passage 1
建议用时：
8
分钟
From:To:
When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English
language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language
has always been a history of constant change
—
at times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at
other
times
a
violent
collision
between
two
languages.
Our
language
has
always
been
a
living
growing
organism,
it
has
never
been
static.
Another
significant
truth
that
emerges
from
such
a
study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many.
『
At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the
daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans.
』
①
At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument
and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence,
order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty.
As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are
of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there
has
been
an
almost
complete
reversal
of
the
different
devices
for
showing
the
relationship
of
words
in
a
sentence.
Anglo-Saxon
(old
English)
was
a
language
of
many
inflections.
Modern
English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to
convey
the
meanings
that
the
older
language
did
by
means
of
changes
in
the
forms
of
words.
Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few
others
that
are
used
primarily
to
show
relationships
among
other
words.
A
few
inflections,
however,
have
survived.
And
when
some
word
inflections
come
into
conflict
with
word
order,
there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later when we turn our attention
to
such
maters
as
WHO
or
WHOM
and
ME
or
I.
The
second
fact
we
must
consider
is
that
as
language
itself
changes,
our
attitudes
toward
language
forms
change
also.
『
The
eighteenth
century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns
not
always
set
in
and
grew,
until
at
the
present
time
there
is
a
strong
tendency
to
restudy
and
re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.
』②
V
ocabulary
n.
跨度，范围，一段时间，期间
eptible adj.
感觉不到的，觉察不到的，极细微的
sm n.
生物体，有机体
sion n.
拥有，占有，领土，领地
nt adj.
无知的
n.
人们，民族
ence n.
永久，持久
-Saxons n.
盎格鲁
—
撒克逊语，盎格鲁
—
撒克逊人，地道的英国人
al n.
颠倒，反向，逆转
tion n.
词尾变化
ition n.
前置词，介词
ction n.
联合，关联，连接词
terms of
根据，按照，用
……
的话，在
……
方面
Passage 2
建议用时：
6.5
分钟
From:To:
Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace.
『
This
system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly