英语专业八级改错(终稿版)解析
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英语专业八级改错（
1
）
It is difficult to think of a nation as an abstract collection of
people living on a patch of territory. It is easier to think
of as a
person. This is why we sometimes call Great Britain __1__
stately women. We also use masculine symbols in our __2__
personification of nations. In 1712 John Arbuthont, a Scot,wrote
a political satire in that the characters were supposed __3__ to
be typical members of different nationalities. The Englishman
was John Bull. This name, which was sufficient flattering to be
__4__ adopted generally, combined the most common English
first name with a last name indicated strength. John Bull is
usually __5__ pictured as a partly businessman with a Union
Jack on his hatband.
After the American War of Independence began in 1783,
the United __6__States was knownfor
Jonathan was a biblical __7__ name associated with simple
people from rural areas, and it seemed fitting since the United
States is rural and unsophiscated, and since __8__American
considered their type of simplicity a virtue compared to __9__
the wickedness of European cities. It is possible, however, that
the name was originated with President George Washington,
who would __10__often say, when faced with a hard problem,
Johnathan Trumbull.
英语专业八级（
1
）答案和解析
:
1.
of
和
as
之间加上
it.
代替前文的
a nation
2.
it
—
both.
指代上文的
US
和
Great Britain
3.
that
—
which
4.
sufficient
—
suffic iently.
修饰形容词用副词
5.
indicated
—
indicating
来源：考试大
6.
began
—
ended.
根据历史知 识，美国独立战争开始于
1776
年
7
月
4
日
(< br>《独立宣言》发
表
)
，直到
1783
年英国
正式承认美国独立才结束。
7.
for
—
known for
意为
“
因
......
而众所周知
”
8.
is
—
was.
美国过去曾是一个
rural and unsophisticated
的
国家
9.
to
—
e to
意为
“
把
......
比作
.......”compare
with
意为
“
与
......
比较，与
.......
匹敌，与
......
竞争< br>”
10.
删掉
name
和
originated
之间的
was
英语专业八级改错（
2
）
About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing
countries could be avoided if women had used family planning
methods to prevent high risk ____1
pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by
the Johns Hopking University. ____2
The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and
2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if
women chose to have theirs children ____3
within the safest years with adequate intervals among births
and limited their ____4
families to moderate size.
This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and
370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded
China, estimated for this year by ____5
the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers
for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because
very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6
The report says that evidences from around the world
shows the risk of ____7
maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four
specific types of ____8
pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old;
those after the ____9
mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and
those lesser than two years apart.____10
英语专业八级（
2
）答案和解析
:
1.
将
had used
改为
used
。
因为此句是虚拟语气
,
表示与现在事实相反
,
故条件从句
中应使用一般过去时。例如
:
Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise.
许多人原本会成为聪明人
-
如果他们不自以为聪明的话。
2.
将
publishing
改为
published
report
和
publish
时逻辑动宾关系
,
故应使用
publish
的过
去分词短语 来修饰
report
。例如
:
Any discovery that we may make, however small, will
remain acquired knowledge.
任何可能的发现
,
不管多么微不
足道
,
都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。
3.
将
theirs
改为
their
4.
将
among
改为
between
在两次怀孕期间留出足够的间 隔时间
,
故用
between
。
5.
将过去分词
excluded
改为介词
excluding
excluding
意为
“
不包括
……”
6.
将
respectably
改为
respectively
respectively
意为
“
分别地
”
，符合句子的意思。而
respectably
意为
“
可敬的，值得尊敬地
”
。
7.
将
evidences
改为
evidence
。
evidence
是不可数名词。
8.
将
ill
改为
illness
9.
将
year
改为
years
10.
将
lesser
改为
less
英语专业八级改错（
3
）
From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can
make very positive statements about how language originated.
There
is
no
material
in
any
language
today
and
in
the
earliest
(1)
and→or
records
of
ancient
languages
show
us
language
in
a
new
and
(2)
show→showing
emerging
state.
It
is
often
said,
of
course,
that
the
language
(3)
the
originated
in
cries
of
anger,
fear,
pain
and
pleasure,
and
the
(4)
and→but
necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote
tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of
a
language
with
a
large
proportion
of
such
cries
( 5)
large→lager
than we find in English. It is true that the absence
of
such
evidence
does
not
disprove
the
theory,
but
in
(6)
in→on
other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.
People of all races and languages make rather similar
noises
in
return
to
pain
or
pleasure.
The
fact
that
(7)
retur
n→response
such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmen
and Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,
serves
to
emphasize
on
the
fundamental
difference
（
8
）
on
between these noises and language proper. We may
say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement
are
largely
reflex
actions,
instinctive
to
∧
large
extent,
(9)
∧
a
whereas language proper does not consist of signs
but
of
these
that
have
to
be
learnt
and
that
are……
(10)
these
→
thoes
英语专业八级改错（
4
）
Ancient man attempted to change the weather by using magic.
While experience taught him this was impossible, __1__ he tried
to forecast weather conditions. Even earlier in __2__ 1000
were weather seers in Babylon----and
priests clever
enough to denounce as frauds those predicted __3__ the weather
a year in the advance. Some forecasters used __4__ methods
that seemed to take no connection with the actual __5__ factors
controlled the weather. Chickens and other animals __6__ were
sacrificed and their intestines poked to find signs indicating rain
and drought. Somewhat more scientific predictions were __7__
based on vegetation:
coming in. Onion’s skin thick and tough, coming weather is cold
and rough.
weather clues:
then the air is always damp .
the weather will for certain break .
the weather will be fine . If they were seen on rocks, __10__
rain and cold were due.
should be taken seriously :
thinks we’ll have some rain today .
英语专业八级（
4
）答案和解析
:
1. While
—
When
或
After.
本句的
this
指代的是
to change the
weather by using magic. when/after
引导时间状语
2.
i n
—
r
是
early
的比较级，其后应有
than
3.
those
之后加
引导定语从句
4.
删除
advance
前的
advance
为习语
5.
take
—
connection with
为习语
6.
contro lled
—
controlling
或
在
controlled前
加
that/lling
the
weather
或
that/which
controlled
the weather
做定语修饰
the actual factors
7.
and
—
和
draught
只能是二者之一
8.
删除
is.
与上文平衡，均为省略句
9.
before
—
when/if.
条件句
10.
will
—
引导的是条件句用的是
re mained
一般过
去时
英语专业八级改错（
5
）
attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the
family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home
_____1
has great importance for many people.
This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream,
dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers
of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house
_____2
for one’s family, and started a farm. These small
households were _____3
portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father,
children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working
together to ___4
support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death
importance _____5
of family cooperation and hard work. Although most
people in the United States no longer live on farms, but the ideal
of home ownership _____6
is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the
nineteenth.
When U.S soldiers came home before World War
Ⅱ
, for
example, _____7
they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But
there was _____8
a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses,
typically in the suburbs, were often small and more or less
identical, but it satisfied _____9
a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the
basis of their way of life._____10
英语专业八级（
5
）答案和解析
:
1.
将
no
改为
not
2.
将
place
改为
land
place
是可数名词，
作“地方”讲
,
而< br>land
意为“土地，
田地”是不可数名词。例如
:
Solitude is a good place to visit but a poor place
to stay.
当你偶尔光顾时，独处是一个美妙的境地，但是如果久
留，它却是一个糟糕的地方。
There is a vacant piece of land near the house; we
can build there.
3.
将
started
改为
start
start
应使用不定式，以和前面的
find, build
一致。
4.
将
working
改为
work
work
应该用第 三人称复数，
和
live
一致。
另外，
family
在这里 作“家人”讲，是复数。
5.
将
anyone
改为
everyone
这里是要用
everyone
指每个人，
而不是要用
anyone
泛
指。
6.
将
but
删除
7.
将
before
改为
after
根据上下文判断，这里要表达的是二战之后。
8.
将
But
改为
And
根据语意，
这里要表达的是递进关系，
而不是转折关系。
例如：
When I do good, I feel good. When I do bad, I feel
bad. And that’s my religion.
当我行善事，我感到坦然
;
当我 行恶时，我感到内疚。
这就是我的人生之道。
9.
将
it
改为
they
10.
在
house the
中间加入介词
as
regard...as
作“把……当作……”讲。
英语专业八级改错（
6
）
We live in a society which there is a lot of talk about science,
but I would say _____1
that there are not 5 percent of the people who are equipped
with
school,
including
college,
to
understand
scientific
reasoning. We are more ignorant of science as people _____2
with comparable education in Western are a
lot
of
kids
who
know
everything
about
computers
—
how
to
build
them, how to take them apart, and how to write programs
for games. So if you ask _____3
them
to
explain
about
the
rinciples
of
physics
that
have
gone into creating the _____4
computer, you don’t have faintest idea. _____5
The failure to understand science leads to such things like
the neglect of human _____6
creative
power.
It
also
takes
rise
to
blurring
of
the
distinction between science and _____7
technology.
Lots
of
people
don’t
differ
between
the
two.
Science is the production of _____8
new knowledge that can be applied or not, and technology
is
the
application
of
knowledge
to
the
production
of
some
products, machinery or the like. The two are really different, and
people who have the faculty for one very seldom have a faculty
for the others. _____9
Science in itself is harmless, more or less. But as soon as it
can provide technology,it’s not necessarily harmful. No society
has yet earned to forecast the consequences of new technology,
which can be enormous._____10
英语专业八级（
6
）答案和解析
:
1.
在
which
前加
in
，或将
which
改为
where
在这里
which
引导限制性从句
,
修饰先行词
the
society
。
in which
在从句中作状语
,
当 然也可以用关系副词
where
引导
定语从句
,
并在从句中作状语< br>,
例如
:Money is a bottomless sea,
in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.
2.
将
as
改为
than