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2021年01月20日 08:56
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安慰失恋人的话-
一、
选择题
A
（关键专业词汇
5
题以上）
1.
Bacterial
cell
walls
are
composed
principally
of
peptidoglycans,
and
reproduction is by binary fission. [A. abruption;
B. binary fission;
C. break up
D. divide]
2.
The photosynthetic bacteria contain a range of bacteriochlorophylls and do not
liberate free O2 during photosynthesis. [
A. photosynthesis;
B. photosynthate;
C. breath; D. Reverse]
3.
Conjugation involves the transfer of large portions of genetic material between
donor and recipient cells in mating pairs. [
A. donor
; B. donate; C. donation; D.
endow]
4.
The cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes containing
chlorophyll, and
also
phycobiliprotein
pigments
such
as
phycocyanin.
[A.
peptidoglycan;
B.
crystal violet;
C. chlorophyll
; D. algae]
5.
Those
using
light
as
their
energy
source
are
termed
phototrophic
.
[A.
chemotrophic; B. lithotrophic; C. organotrophic
D. phototrophic
]
6.
Excessive extraction of water can lower water-tables,which, in some inlands
（内陆）
,may lead to____.
ence
-water instrusion
uake
ng
7.
But because of losses through ______ and plant transpiration.
ation
nment
ate
ative
8.
Irrigation has allowed the expansion of agriculture into semi-arid and even
____ environments.
t
d. water
9.
The steady flows that dams cause alter the seasonal cycles of _____ and
riparian plants and animals.
A. aquatic
B. aquatics
lture
on
10.
New
landfills
have
complex
bottom
layers
to
trap
contaminant-laden
water,
called
leachate
,leaking
through the buried trash [
te
]
11.
A
modern
municipal
solid
waste
landfill
is
typically
constructed
above
an
impermeable
clay.[s
eable
e te]
12.
However,
many
incinerators
were
eliminated
because
of
aesthetic
concerns,
such as foul odors, noxious gases, and
gritty
smoke.[
]
13.
The
buring
waste
heats
water
and
the
steam
drive
a
turbine
to
generate
electricity, which is sold to a utility.[
e
]
14.
Selection
of
landfill
sites
is
based
on
an
understanding
of
local
geology
conditions.[
y
ion on]
15.
The
paradox
is
that
in
its
gaseous
state____,
abundant
thought
it
is,
is
unavailable
to
most
life.
A.
nitrogen
B.
oxygen
C
.
hydrgen
D.
alcohol
16.
To be used, free molecular nitrogen has to be fixed. This ____comes about in
two ways. A.
energy
B.
fixation
C.
paradox
D.
radiation
17.
This
fixation
is
accomplished
by
____bacteria
living
in
association
with
leguminous
and
root-noduled
monleguminous
plants,
by
free- living
aerobic
bacteria, and by cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). A.
together
B. biological
C.
symbiotic
D. none of above
18.
According
to
the
author,
the
energy
needed
for
high
energy
fixations
comes
from______. A.
cosmic
B. meteorite
C.
lightning
D. all above
i.
_____is a biological process in which ammonia
is oxidized to nitrite
and
nitrate,
yielding
energy.
A.
ammonification
B.
denitrification
C.
bacterfiation
D. nitrification
19.
1 How volatile nitrogen is turned into ______ for plants?
20.
A.
nutrient
e
e
21.
2
_____
gases
emitted during the first phase of waste treatment are harvested
for use as fuel .
22.
A green
B
warm
C
greenhouse
D
ignite
23.
3
______
is
the
process
in
which
soil
bacteria
oxidize
ammonia(NH3)
sequentially into nitrite(NO2-) and then nitrate (NO3-).
24.
A
respiration
B
denitrification
25.
C
photosynthesis
D
nitrification
26.
4 But too much untreated wastes dumped directly into fishpond can rob the fish
of ______ ,and end up killing the fish .
27.
A
nitrogen oxide
B
nitrogen
28.
C
oxygen
D
carbon
dioxide
29.
5 The _____ farm typically consists of crops,
livestock and fishponds.
30.
A
dream
B
intergrating
C
interva
D
integrated
31.
32.
Ethanol is a good_______ for gasoline in spark-ignition engines.
A. reserve
B. substitute
C. replace
D. shift
33.
As a summary, the long story was______into a few sentences.
A. condensed
B. condemned
C. concealed
D. concentrated
34.
The problem with the country is how to lift its economy out of ____.
A. reservation
B. recreation
C. recession
D. reversion
35.
Ethanol does_____ less carbon monoxide and sulfur oxides than gasoline.
A. release
B. output
C. set
D. affranchise
36.
Alcohol can be obtained from _____
A. sugar crops
B. starchy crops
C. cellulose
D. all of above
37.
The air which we breathe consists, by volume, of about 78 percent______.
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. carbon dioxide
D. Argon
38.
Gaseous
hydrogen,
produced
by
the
______of
water,
is
another
______to
petroleum.
A. electrolysis, choice
B. hydrolysis, choice
C. electrolysis, alternative
D. alternative, alternative
选择题
B
（关键短语
5
题以上）
1.
Bacterial
cell
walls
are
composed
principally
of
peptidoglycans,
and
reproduction
is
by
binary
fission.
[A.
make
up
of;
B.
build
up;
C.
are
composed;
D. constitute]
2.
A
species
adapted
to
living
under
conditions of
a bountiful
energy
source
is
designated as K selected.
[
A. living under
; B. living in; C. living D. lived]
3.
It
would
be
exposed
to
selection
pressures
different
from
those
affecting
an
r-selected
organism
living
in
uncrowded
but
possibly
physically
restrictive
environments.
[
A. different from;
B. different with; C. other than; D. differ
with]
4.
Some
estimate
place
their
number
as
high
as
40%
of
the
total
plate-count
population. [
A. as high as;
B. is high as; C. high as; D. as high to]
5.
The
r-selected
organisms
exposed
to
flushes
of
substrate
in
an
otherwise
uncrowded environment would place a premium on high growth
increase per
unit of food rather than on competitiveness. [
A. place a premium on
; B. place
a premium to; C. place a premium into D. place a premium with]
6.
Nowadays, governments in most OECD countries are ____large programmers
to develop irrigation. A. scale back
B. scaled back
C. scaling back
D.
scales back
7.
In drier parts of the area, such as California, and the Murray
–
Darlingbasin in
Australia, agriculture accounts for well over 90% of consumptive use. A.
accounts
B. accounts up to
C. accounts for
D. accounts from
8.
We all want to know how OECD governments are responding to the increased
demand for water in agricultural production. A. are responsible for
B. are
responding to
C. are responsibility to
D. response to
9.
Land degradation, is the decline in land quality or reduction in
its productivity and
environmental regulatory capacity.(y
ty
tly)
compaction
is
a
worldwide
problem.(t
tion
tness ate)
rated soil erosion is
another principal
land degradation
process.
Similar
to
compaction.(
n
nal
ation ate)
nt
depletion
is
another
principal
process
of
land
degradation
with
severe
economic
impact
on
a
global
scale.(
ion
e ing)
e
the
voluminous
literature,
land
degradation
remains
a
debatable
issue.(
ation
ate
e
ion)
degradation,
declines in
land
quality
due
to
natural
processes
and
anthropic
activities,
is
a
major
global
issue
for
the
20
th
century
and will remain high on the international agenda even for the 21
st
century. (e of
to
gh if)
15.2. Land degradation
can also be
considered in terms
of
the
loss
of
actual or potential
productivity
or
utility
as
a
result
of
natural
or
anthropic
factors.(
A.
in
terms
of
;
B.
refer
to;
C.
evolved
from;
D. simply stated)
16.3.
High
population
density
is
not
necessarily
related
to
land
degradation.(
though
ed
in
d
to
well
as
)
17.4.
Lands,
depending
on
their
inherent
characteristics
and
climatic
conditions,
range
from
highly resistant
or stable to
extremely
sensitive and fragile.(ng to
ing on
as to
ore)
18.5.
Land
degradation
is
a
biophysical
process
driven
by
socioeconomic
and
political
causes.
(
by
ed
in
e
of
well)
19.
As better waste-disposal technologies were developed and as values changed,
more
emphasis
was
placed
on
the
environment
and
quality
of
life.
[
placed on
placed on
in located in]
20.
The
heat
derived
from
the
buring
is
converted
into
steam
and
electricity.
[ted to
ted into
orm to ]
21.
However, the landfill of today is far
different from
a simple hole in the ground
into
which
garbage
is
dumped.
[ent
ent
from
ct
on
to]
22.
They currently cost
up to
$$1 million per hectare to prepare. [
to
]
23.
Until
recently,
the
disposal
of
municipal
solid
waste
did
not
attract
much
public attention. [
t
on]
24.
Cosmic
radiation,
meteorite
trails,
and
lightning
provide
the
high
energy
______combine
nitrogen
with
the
oxygen
and
hydrogen
of
water.
A.
needed to
B. gotten to
C. came to
D. needing to
25.
Fixation ___molecular nitrogen(N2)___two atoms of ftee N.
A. go
…
into
B.
get
…
.into
C. splits
…
.into
D. jump
…
..into
26.
In
nonagricultural
systems
some
12,000
species,
from
cyanobacteria
to
nodule-bacteria
plants,
_____nitrogen
fixation.
A.
be
reponsible
for
B.
being reponsible for
C. is reponsible for
D.
are reponsible for
27.
In
terrestrial
ecosystem
nitrogen,
largely
in
the
form
of
ammonia
or
nitrates,
_______by
plants,
which
convert
it
to
amino
acids.
A.
is
taken
up
B.
are taken up
C.
is broke down
D.
are broke down
28.
In aquatic ecosystems, nitrogen cycles in a similar manner, except that the large
reservoir
in the soil ______.
A. is lacking
B. lacked C. are lacked
lacked
29.
The
integrated
farm
typically
______
crops,
livestock
and
fishponds.
A.
make
up
B.
made
up
of
C.
is
consisted
of
D.
consists of
30.
Both of winter wheat and summer corn has still great potential to increase ____.
A.
yell
B.
yields
C.
yield
D.
yells
31.
The small amount of residual nutrients left after tremendous losses that _____
the
environment
have
taken
place.
A
destroy
B
damage
C
ruin
D
violate
32.
Officials also say a woman may _____ a second attack in the northern part of
the
country.
A.
are
respective
for
B.
is
possible
for
C.
are
responsible for
D. are looking for
33.
Nearly
all
organs
for
transplant
______
executed
prisoners.
A.
are
produced from
B.
are harvest of
C.
are harvested from
D.
are gotten from
34.
Liquid fuels______ the US economy.
A. is indispensable to
B. are indispensable to
C. is projected to
D. are projected to
35.
The
production
and
use
of
ethanol
fuel______
the
increase
in
atmospheric
carbon dioxide and to global warming.
A. result in
B. bring out
C. as result
D. contribute to
36.
Changing her job like that______ giving her the sack.
A. is equivalent to
B. is equablet on
C. is different from
D. is disparate to
37.
Hydrogen
has
the
potential
to
serve______
a
renewable
gaseous
fuel
for
transportion vehicles.