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2021年1月20日发(作者：左漠野)
历年英语考研真题及答案


【篇一：
2010-2016
年历年考研英语真题
+
答案】

tion i use of english section 1 use of english

directions: read the following text. choose the best word(s) for
each numbered blank and mark [a], [b], [c] or [d] on answer
sheet 1. (10 points)

in cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the
young male. it may involve not only his parents and his friends,
__1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. a
young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask
his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young
man‘s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the
child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the
spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been

selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its
child is marrying __6__ a good family.

the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. formerly it
lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day
and a half. buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__
prayers of blessing. par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair
cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the
brides and grooms wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle
of happily married and

respected couples to bless the __11__. newlyweds
traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may__12__
with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house
nearby.

divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. divorced
persons are __15__ with some disapproval. each spouse
retains ___16___ property he or she

__17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is
__18__ equally. divorced persons may remarry, but a gender
prejudice __19__up. the divorced male doesnt have a waiting
period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten
months.

1.a. by way of b. with regard to c. on behalf of d. as well as

2.a. decide onb. provide forc. compete withd. adapt to

3.a. closeb. arrange c. renew d. postpone

4.a. in theory b. above all c. in timed. for example

5.a. unlessb. less c. after d. although

6.a. into b. within c. fromd. through

7.a. or b. sincec. butd. so

8.a. test b. copyc. recite d. create

9.a. folding b. piling c. wrappingd. tying

10. a. passing b. lighting c. hiding d. serving

11. a. associationb. meeting c. collection d. union

12. a. deal b. partc. grow d. live

13. a. whereas b. untilc. ford. if

14. a. avoidb. follow c. challenge d. obtain

15. a. isolated b. persuadedc. viewed d. exposed

16. a. wherever b. whatever c. whenever d. however

17. a. changedb. brought c. shapedd. pushed

18. a. invested b. dividedc. donated d. withdrawn

19. a. warmsb. clearsc. shows d. breaks

20. a. whileb. so that c. onced. in that section
Ⅱ
reading
comprehension

part a

directions
：
read the following four texts. answer the
questions after each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your
answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points) text 1

france
，
which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,
has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to
define physical beauty for women. its lawmakers gave
preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a
crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. the parliament
also agreed to ban websites that ―incite excessive thinness‖
by promoting extreme dieting.

such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. they
suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up
impinging on health. that‘s a start. and the ban on ultra
-thin
models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving
themselves to death
–
as some have done. it tells the fashion
industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends
women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-
measure they must use to determine their individual worth.

the bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and
many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their
beauty. and perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look
to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than
dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.

the french measures, however, rely too much on severe
punishment to change a

culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-
showing. under the law, using a fashion model that does not
meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in
a $$85,000 fine and six months in prison.

the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in
focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. in
denmark, the united states, and a few other countries, it is
trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion
images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.


in contrast to france‘s actions, denmark‘s fashion industry
agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age,
health, and other characteristics of models. the newly revised
danish fashion ethical charter clearly states:‖we are aware of
and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has
on body ideals, especially on young people‖. the charter‘s
main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and
modeling agencies to copenhagen fashion week (cfw), which is
run by the danish fashion institute. but in general it relies on a
name- and -shame method of compliance.

relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the
misuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better would
be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material
standards of a particular industry.

21. according to the first paragraph
，
what would happen in
france?


【
a
】
physical beauty would be redefined.


【
b
】
new runways would be constructed.


【
c
】
websites about dieting would thrive.


【
d
】
the fashion industry would decline.

22. the phrase ―impinging on‖(line 2
，
para.2) is closest in
meaning to


【
a
】
heightening the value of


【
b
】
indicating the state of


【
c
】
losing faith in


【
d
】
doing harm to

23. which of the following is true of the fashion industry
？


【
a
】
the french measures have already failed.


【
b
】
new standards are being set in denmark.


【
c
】
models are no longer under peer pressure.


【
d
】
its inherent problems are getting worse.

24. a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw for


【
a
】
pursuing perfect physical conditions


【
b
】
caring too much about model‘s character.


【
c
】
showing little concern for health factors


【
d
】
setting a high age threshold for models.

25. which of the following may be the best title of the text?


【
a
】
a challenge to the fashion industry‘s body ideals


【
b
】
a dilemma for the starving models in france


【
c
】
just another round of struggle for beauty


【
d
】
the great threats to the fashion industry

text 2

for the first time in history more people live in towns than in
the country. in britain this has had a curious result. while polls
show britons rate‖the

【篇二：
2013
年考研英语真题及答案
(完整版
)
】


icture [d] moment

4.[a] for example [b] on average [c] in principle [d] above all

5.[a] fond [b]fearful [c] capable [d] thoughtless

6.[a] in [b] on [c] to [d] for

7.[a] if [b]until [c] though [d] unless

8.[a] promote [b]emphasize [c] share [d] test

9.[a] decision [b] quality [c] status [d] success

10.[a] chosen [b]stupid [c]found [d] identified

11.[a] exceptional [b] defensible [c] replaceable [d] otherwise

12.[a] inspired [b]expressed [c] conducted [d] secured

13.[a] assigned [b]rated [c] matched [d] arranged

14.[a] put [b]got [c]gave [d] took

15.[a]instead [b]then [c] ever [d] rather

16.[a]selected [b]passed [c] marked [d] introduced

17.[a]before [b] after [c] above [d] below

18.[a] jump [b] float [c] drop [d] fluctuate

19.[a]achieve [b]undo [c] maintain [d]disregard

20. [a] promising [b] possible [c] necessary [d] helpful


答案：

1-5: adcab

6-10: badda

11-15: dcbdb

16-20: cacbc


答案详解：

2013
年的完型填空是一篇选自《经济学人》名为
a question of
j udgment
的文章。讲述的是有关判断的问题。这类文章出现在今年
的考研真题中，符合考 研英语历年的出题形式。但是考生在没有掌
握单词基本知识和解题技巧的情况下也会感到很困难。


相较于
2012
年的完型来说，今年的考题适中。考查的词汇部分涉< br>及到名词、动词、形容词和介词。其中，动词考查的频率最高，占
完型部分考题的
35%
。第
4
、
7
、
15
和
17
题考察 了逻辑连接题，占
完型题目的
20%
。考生要在掌握上下文结构的基础上准确完成这类
考题。其次，在文章考查点里有两处涉及到了后置定语的语法知识，
即第
5
和 第
10
题。一处是形容词加介词构成后置定语，一处是过去
分词作后置定语，而这两点 在跨考一阶的讲义中，各位语法老师已
经跟考生们专门讲解过。后期陆陆续续的阅读和写作课里，也是反
复提到的语法点。


遵循以往完型填空的结构形式，今年的考题仍然秉承了 总分的结构。
第一段引出话题并介绍
dr. simonsohn
的观点。第二、三、四段具
体介绍了
dr. simonsohn
为证明理论 采取的实验以及最后的发现。
而且在文章第一句话就给出了整篇文章的中心主线
—
pe ople are, on
the whole, poor at considering background information when
making individual decisions
。


总之
2013
年的考题在日常强 调的
“
单词加技巧等于高分
”
的解题方
式下，定会被迎刃而解。
1. [
标准答案
] [a]

[
考点分析
]
上下文语义和词汇辨析

[
选项分析
]
本题考查动词。根据上下文意思，首先可以排除
[b]
和
[d]
。
这句话中
that
引导一个定语从句，主要是说这 一优势赋予了一种特
定的能力。
[c]
中
transmit
为

传播，不符合上下文意思。

2. [
标准答案
] [d]

[
考点分析
]
上下文语义

[
选项分析
] which are unbiased
这个定语从句做插入语修饰

judgment
。这句话 的意思是
“
通过
xxx
因素作出公正判决的能力
”
，
由此可以排除
[a]
和
[b]
。做

这一题时，我们 需要理解第一句话，给我们提供了一个大的背景和
条件。第一句话说
“
人们不擅长利用 背景信息作决定
”
，所以可以推
出这儿并不是
“
通过关键信息
”
来做出公正的判决，而是通过其它一
些信息，如外部的信息，作出判决。根据上下文意思， 可以推出
[d]
为正确答案。

3. [
标准答案
] [c]

[
考点分析
]
上下文语义和固定搭配

[
选项分析
] big picture
是一个固定搭配，指
(
事情的
)
主要部分；重
点，故选

[a]
。其它词语与
big
搭配，均没有这层意思。

4. [
标准答案
] [a]

[
考点分析
]
逻辑衔接题

[
选项分析
]
根据上下文的逻辑关系判断 ，在提出一个观点之后，接
下来就是进行例证。选项中只有
[a]
表示
“< br>例如
”
，符合这一逻辑关系，
故选
[a]
。
[b]< br>表示
“
平均
”
的意思；
[c]
为
“
大体上，原则上
”
；
[d]
为
“
首
先
”
，均不符合。

5. [
标准答案
] [b]

[
考点分析
]
上下文语义和词汇辨析

[
选项分析
]
这四个选项均可以与介词
of
搭配，
[a]
表示
“
喜欢
”
，
[b]
表示
“
害怕，恐怕
”
，
[c]
表示
“
能够，具有
?
能力
”
，
[d]
表示
“
轻率的，
考虑不周的
”
。
of
后面的短语作
judge
的定语，这句话意思是
“xxx
地显得 对犯罪太过软弱的法官可能更倾向于给被告作出判刑的判决
”
。
根据上下文的意思，可 以排除
[a]
和
[d]
。而
“
显得对犯罪太过软弱< br>”
显然不是某种能力，故可以排除
[c]
选项。根据上下文意思，害怕显得过于软弱的法官，才会更倾向于作出较严厉的判决。故选
[b]
。

6. [
标准答案
] [b]

[
考点分析
]
介词搭配

[
选项分析
] soft on sb/sth 是一个固定搭配词组，表示
“
对某人
/
某事
态度偏软，不够严厉
”
的意思，故选
[b]
。

7.
标准答案
a

考点分析

逻辑衔接题


选项分析

前半句含义是
“
一个担心自己会犯罪行为上表 现的过分软
弱的法官可能会判人入狱
”
，后半句含义是
“
当天他已经 判五到六个
人缓刑
”
两句间的逻辑关系明显为假设。
a if
表示假设
“
如果
”
。
b
until “
直到。。。才。。。
”
。
c though “
然而
”
，表转折。
d unless
“
除非
”
，表让步。前半句是结果主句，后半句是一个假设条件，所
以选
c

8.
标准答案
d
。考点分析

上下文语义及动词辨析


选项分析

本句话是说要进行试验来验证观点。空格后的名词
id ea
作宾语，对决定动词十分关键。


动词意思应为
“
测试
”
。
a promote “
促进
”
。
b emphasize “
强调
”
。
c share “
分享
”
。
d test “
测试
”
。只有
d
选项和
“
观点
”
搭配，符合语
境。

9.
标准答案
d
。考点分析

上下文语义及名词辨析


选项分析

本句话含义是讲其中一个申请者与其他申请在面试中的关
系。申请者希望成功。
a dec
isioin “
选择
”
。
b quality “
质量
”
。
c
status “
身份
”
。
d success “
成功
”
。只有
d
项搭配，符合语境。

10.
标准答案
a
。考点分析

后置定语


选项分析

本句意为测试中随机选出的其他申请者。
a chosen “
选
出
”
。
b stupid “
笨的
”
。
c found “
发现
”
。
d identified “
识别
”
。只
有
a
选项和申请者搭配意为选出来的申请者，符合语境。

11.
标准答案
d
。考点分析

逻辑衔接题


选项分析

后半句开头的
but
已经暗示了下文的连接词。内容上前 半
句意为一个申请者的面试成功和其他申请者没有关系，后半句意为
西蒙森怀疑事实。明显是转 折关系。
a exceptional “
例外的
”
。
b
defensible “
可防御的
”
。
c replaceable “
可替换的
”
。
d otherwise
“
相反的
”
。只有
d
项可以表转折关系，所以选
d
。

12.
标准答案
c
。考点分析

后置定语


选项分析

本句前半句是说西蒙森研究了面试 者的结果，后半句含义
是招生办官员。所以这里应该是招生办官员举行面试，后半句做后
置定语 。
a inspire “
鼓舞
”
。

【篇三：
2 000-2015
年考研英语历年真题答案
(
英语一
)
】


p class=txt>i cloze

1
、
what 2
、
concluded3
、
on4
、
compared 5
、
samples 6
、
insignificant 7
、
know

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