2020中考初中感叹句综合分析(全,含相应练习及答案)
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中考初中感叹句综合分析（全，含相应练习及答案）
目录：一、感叹句的基本结构
二、感叹句与间接引语
三、常见考点归纳
四、练习及答案
表示喜怒哀乐等强 烈感情的句子叫做感叹句。
感叹句句末常用感叹号（！
）
，
语调一般用降调。
句首多用
how
或
what
，
其余语法构成与陈述句相同。 感叹语气的考察难度较低，也是中考的重点考点。
本节旨在梳理清楚常见的感叹语气结构，< br>帮助学生正确地使用
what
和
how
引导的感叹语气，
还会 补充和感叹句有关的
直接引语与间接引语用法。学生需要做到能在感叹句中正确使用冠词、名词单复数、 谓语动词、语序等，能根据中文独立翻
译感叹语气的英语句子。
一、感叹句的基本结构
1
、由
how
引导的感叹句
how
在感叹句中可 修饰形容词、副词、谓语动词等，即对形容词、副词、谓语动词等发出感叹。例：
How beautiful it is!
它多美呀！
(
修饰形容词
beautiful)
How well the clothes fit!
这衣服多合身！
(
修饰副词
well)
How wonderful!
多妙呀！（省略结构，句末省略了
it is
）
How hard she works!
她工作多努力啊！
How I missed you!
我多么想你呀！（感叹谓语动词）
典型句式：
How+
形容词
/
副词
+
主谓结构
【注】
how
还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：
How I want to be a doctor!
我多么想成为一名医生啊！
How she dances!
她跳得多好啊！
2
、由
what
引导的感叹句
what
在感叹句中可修饰名词，即对名词发出感叹。名词如是可数名词的单数，其前需用what a/an
。其它单数名词以及复数
名词前多用
what
，它相 当于把系表结构中的表语移到句首并在前面加感叹词。例：
What an opportunity!
多么好的机会呀！
What a fine day!
多晴朗的天呀！
What beautiful pictures they are!
那些图片多漂亮啊！
What delicious food it is!
多好吃的食物啊！
What bad weather it is!
多糟糕的天气！
What flowers!
多美的花呀！
【注】在感叹句中，
What a / an
常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用
an
。
what
是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如
rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch
等，当前面有形容词修
饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用
what a / an
，如：
What a heavy rain it is!
多大的一场雨啊！
What a great surprise it is!
这多么令人惊奇啊！
What a rich breakfast it is!
多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！
二、感叹句与间接引语
直接引语是感叹句时，若要变作间接引语，通常用引述动词
tell, exclaim
等。如：
你是一个多么勇敢的男孩子啊
!”
她告诉他说。
→She told him what a brave boy he was.
她告诉他说他是一个多么勇敢的男孩子。
He said,
他说道，
“
好哇！我的朋友来了。
”
→He exclaimed with delight that his friend had come.
他欢呼他的朋友来了。
(
引述动词用
exclaim,
并加状语
with delight)
当然，也可用其他一些引述动词。如：
He said,
他说道，
“
哎，我多傻啊
!”
→He confessed with regret that he had been very foolish.
他痛悔地承认他太傻了。
(
引述动词用
confess< br>加状语
with regret)
他犯了多大的罪啊
!”
她说道。
→She didn't know what a crime he had committed.
她不知道他犯了那么大 的罪。
(
引述动词用
know
的否定式
)
有时也可以不用引述动词，如：
她竟能跑得那样快
!”
他说道。
→It's incredible
how fast she can run.
她跑得如此之快令人不可置信。
(
用
it's incredible
表示说话人的神情
)
He said to them all,
他对他们说道，
“
再见，我的朋友们
!”
→He bade good
-bye to all his friends.
他向他的所有朋友道别。
(
这里连间接引语也省略了
)
三、常见考点归纳
+a/an+adj+
可数名词单数
+
主语
+
谓语
+...........
！
例：
The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. What a dangerous scene it was! (2007
上海）
+adj+a/an+
可数名词单数
+..............
！
例：
How clever a boy he is!
+adj+
可数名词复数
+................
！
例：
What beautiful flowers they are!
+adj+
不可数名词
+.................
！
例：
What fine weather it is!
+adj/adv+< br>主语
+
谓语
+................
！
例：
How clever he is!
+
主语
+
谓语
+..............
！
例：
How I regret this!
一：同步练习题：（将下列句子改为感叹句）
1. Tom is a clever boy.
①
What___________________________________________!
②
②
How_____________ _______________________________ !
2. The flower is beautiful.
①
What___________________________________________!
②
②
How_____________ _______________________________ !
3. The book is very interesting.
①
What___________________________________________!
②
②
How_____________ _______________________________ !
4. The weather is sunny.
①
What___________________________________________!
②
②
How_____________ _______________________________ !
5. The work is very hard.
①
What___________________________________________!
②
②
How_____________ _______________________________ !
6. Andy studies hard.
How______________ ______________________________ !
7. The girls are singing well.
How______ ______________________________________ !
【答案】
a clever boy Tom is! How clever the boy Tom is!
2. What a beautiful flower it is!
How beautiful the flower is!
3. What an interesting book it is!
How interesting the book is!
4. What sunny weather it is!
How sunny the weather is!
5. What hard work it is!
How hard the work is!
6. How hard Andy studies!
7. How well the girls are singing!
二．【题目】句型转换
1. The students are listening to the teacher carefully . (
改为感叹句
)
——————————————————————————————
2. We had a good time in summer holidays .
(
改为感叹句
)
————————————————————————
3. The river is long .
(
改为感叹句，两种
)
——————————————————————————————
4. How nice the food is !
(
改为同义句
)
——————————————————————————————————
5. How well he swims !
(
改为同义句
)
——————————————————————————
6. What strong men they are
！
(
改为同义句
)
【答案】
carefully the students are listening to the teacher!
2. What a good time we had in summer holiday!
3. What a long river it is!
How long the river is!
4. What nice food it is!
5. He swims well.
6. How strong the men are!
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1
．
阅读理解
The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg. They are based on
his experience of building a company from the ground
up, leading New York City as mayor
（市长）
, and so on.
Take Risks
Life is too short to spend your time avoiding failure.
In 1981, at the age of 39, I lost my job. The next day I took a big risk and began my own company. In 2001,
when I was debating whether to run for
mayor, most people advised me not to do it. But one person said, “If you
can imagine yourself giving a concession
（败选）
speech, then why not go for it?” That was the best advice I
received, and I followed it.
In order to succeed, you must first be willing to fail
—
and you must have the courage to go for it anyway.
Make your own luck
Luck plays a part in success. The harder you work, the luckier you get.
Whatever you choose to do, even if it's not the job of your dreams, always work hard at it. Be the first person
at work in the morning and the last to leave at night. Hard work creates chances.
Never stop learning
The most powerful word in English language is “why”. There is nothing so powerful as an open, inquiring mind
（探究精神）
. Whatever field you choose for starting a business
—
be a lifelong student.
Give back
You are responsible for your success and failure, but you only succeed if you share the reward with others.
My first donation was a $$ 5 check to my alma mater
（母校）
. And while the checks
（支票）
may be bigger
today, they come with the same spirit.
You don't have to be wealthy to give back. You can give back by giving your time and talents.
（
1
）
In this passage, Michael Bloomberg is the name of a
.
A. newspaper
B. place
C. company
D. person
（
2
）
What did the writer do at the age of 59?
A. Lost his job. B. Ran for mayor. C. Built a company. D. Became a teacher.
（
3
）
From the passage, we can infer that the writer
.
A. is a young mayor B. seldom cares about others
C. is lucky all the time
D. is a hard-working man
（
4
）
Which of the following isn't mentioned in the tips?
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. It's never too old to learn.
C. Money is everything.
D. Luck comes from hard work.
（
5
）
In which of the following columns
（栏目）
can you find the article?
A. Family Life
B. Interesting Stories
C. Experience Sharing
D. Adventures
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
C
（
5
）
C
【解析】
【分析】文章大 意：短文介绍了成功的商人迈克尔
·
布隆伯格获取成功的一些秘诀。包括勇于承担
风险 ；创造出自己的运气；学习永不放弃；要回报社会等等。
（
1
）细节推断题，根据短文的第一段中出现的句子
“They are based on his experience”
可知，这里的
his
指
的是
Michael Bloomberg
这个人。故选
D
。
（
2
）细节理解题，根据
Take Risks
的第二段中的句子
“1981, at the age of 39, I lost my job. The next day I took
a
big risk and began my own company. In 2001, when I was debating whether to run for mayor,”
可知，
2001
年作
者刚好
59
岁，打算精选市长，故选
B
。
（
3
）推理判断题，由
Take Risks/Make your own luck
中的内容
“Be the first person at work in the morning and
the last to leave at night. Hard work creates
chances.”
可知，作者是一个勤奋的人。故选
D
。
（
4
）
细节理解题，
通过排除法，
A
选项在
Ta ke Risks
的首段提到；
B
项在
Take Risks
的第二段和第三段可知；
D
项由
Make your own luck
的第二段可得出。故
C
没有提及。故选
C
。
（
5
）推理判断题。整篇文章是作者给大家分享个人经验，所以
C
选项最 佳。故选
C
。
【点评】在做细节理解题时，解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，
而常常可采取
“
带着问题找答案
”
的
方法．先从 问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索，寻找答案。推理判断题，对付这类题时我们不仅要
弄懂文章字 面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作
者的暗示作 合理的猜测和推论。
2
．
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。
Do you often listen to music at loud volumes (
音量
)? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing.
Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss (
听力丧失
) ,because of listening to loud noise for long
periods of time. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.
The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB
(
分贝
) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock
concert can be about 100 dB.
Loud noise is harmful to the inner
二
Most of us are bon with about 16,000 hair cells (
听毛细胞
) in our inner
ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too
hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss. Once this happens, it's hard to get your
hearing back.
Some
people
might
think
that
their
music
isn't
all
that
loud.
But
this
can
depend
on
where
you
are.
For
example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it.
Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you alight feel uncomfortable
The
相