处方药和非处方药-

2021年1月21日发(作者：倪俊声)
一般过去时变化规则

(1)
一般在动词后加
-ed
。

如：
play
—
played,


offer
—
offered,


weigh
—
weighed,

Destroy
—
destroyed,












sign
—
signed.

(2)
在以字母
e
结尾的动词后，
只加
-d
。

如：
like
—
liked,


provide
—
provided,


hate
—
hated,


date
—
dated
。


(3)
在 以
“
辅音字母
+y
”
结尾的动词后，则改
y
为i
，再加
ed
。

如：
supply
—
supplied,






fly
—
flied,





study
—
studied.


(4)
在以
单短元音的重读闭音节
结尾且末尾只有
一个 辅音字母
的动词后，
双
写最后一个辅音字母，再加
-ed
。

如：
plan
—
planned,

refer
—
referred,

regret
—
regretted,

ban
—
banned.
★
重读闭音节三要素：
（
1
）一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母

（
2
）以一个辅音音素结尾；

（
3
）元音字母发短元音。

★
长元音

：
[i:][
?
:][a:][
?
:][u:]

短元音

：
[e] [i] [
?
] [?][
?
][
?
][u]
常用不规则动词分类表

⒈ A
---A---A
型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形）

cost cost cost
花费
cut cut cut
割，切
hit hit hit
打

let let let
让
put put put
放下
read read read
读

hurt hurt hurt
伤

⒉ A
---A--- B
型（现在式和过去式同形）

beat beat beaten
打

⒊ A
---B---A
型（现在式和过去分词同形）

come came come
来
become became become
变

run ran run
跑

⒋ A
---B ---B
型

⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母< br>d
或
t
构成过去式或过去分词。

burn burnt burnt
燃烧
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt
学习

mean meant meant
意思
hear heard heard
听见

⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。

build built built
建筑
lend lent lent
借给

lose lost lost
失去
send sent sent
送
spend spent spent
花费

⑶其他

pay paid paid
付
lay laid laid
下蛋
say said said
说

bring brought brought
带来
buy bought bought
买

think thought thought
想
catch caught caught
抓住

teach taught taught
教
fight fought fought
战斗

sleep slept slept
睡
keep kept kept
保持

sweep swept swept
扫
stand stood stood
站

understand understood understood
明白
win won won
得胜

shine shone/shined shone/shined
发光
feel felt felt
觉得

find found found
发现
get got got
得到

hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung
绞死，挂
have had had
有

hold held held
盛，握
leave left left
离开

make made made
制造
meet met met
遇见

sell sold sold
卖
shoot shot shot
射击

tell told told
告诉
sit sat sat
坐

smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled
嗅，闻
dig dug dug
挖

⒌ A
---B--- C
型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）

⑴在动词原形后加
-n
或
-en
构成过去分词。

eat ate eaten
吃
fall fell fallen
落下

steal stole stolen
偷
give gave given
给

freeze froze frozen
冻结
take took taken
拿

see saw seen
看见
write wrote written
写

ride rode ridden
骑
drive drove driven
驾驶

throw threw thrown
抛，扔
blow blew blown
吹

grow grew grown
生长
know knew known
知道

fly flew flown
飞
draw drew drawn
拉，绘画

show showed shown
展示

⑵过去式加
-n
或
-en
构成过去分词。

speak spoke spoken
说话
break broke broken
破碎，折断

wake waked/ woke waked/ waken
醒
choose chose chosen
选择

forget forgot forgotten
忘记

⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”
（过去式）
和“u”
（ 过
去分词）。

begin began begun
开始
ring rang rung
按铃
sing sang sung
唱

sink sank sunk
沉
swim swam swum
游泳
drink drank drunk
饮

⑷其他不规则动词的变化。

be(am,is) was/ were been
是
be(are) were been
是

do did done
做
go went gone
去

lie lay lain
躺
wear wore worn
穿

处方药和非处方药-

处方药和非处方药-

处方药和非处方药-

处方药和非处方药-

处方药和非处方药-

处方药和非处方药-

处方药和非处方药-

处方药和非处方药-