一般过去时的用法和结构

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2021年01月21日 12:31
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2021年1月21日发(作者:顾文霞)
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一般过去时的用法及结构

1


一般过去时的基本用法

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,< br>也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动
作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如
yesterd ay, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago
等。

【举例】
I got up at 6:30 yesterday.
我昨天
6:30
起床。

My father was very busy last week.
我父亲上周很忙。

2


一般过去时的基本结构



肯 定句“主语+动词过去式+其他”或者“主语+
was

were
+其他”< br>。

【举例】
I played tennis last weekend.
我上周末打网球了。









My school trip was great.
我的学校郊游棒极了。



否定句“主语+
didn< br>’
t
+动词原形+其他”或“主语+
wasn

t

weren

t
+其他”


【举例】
The girl didn

t play computer games yesterday afternoon.









这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。

Old Henry wasn

t happy last Friday.
上星期五老亨利不高兴。



一般疑问句“
Did
+主语+动词原形+其他?”

肯定回答为“
Yes
,主语+
did



否定回答为“
No
,主语+
didn

t
”或者“
Was

Were
+主语+其他?”

肯定回答为“
Ye s
,主语+
was

were



否定 回答为“
No
,主语+
wasn

t

weren

t



【举例】—
Did you go to the beach?
你们去海滩了吗?


Yes, we did.

No, we didn

t.
是的,我们去了。/不,我们没有。


Was your weekend OK?
你的周末过得还行吧?


Yes, it was.

No, it wasn

t.
是的,还行。/不,不行。



特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(顺序)?

【举例】—
What did Li Lei do last weekend?
李雷上周末干什么了?


He visited his grandparents.
他去看了他的祖父母。


Where were you yesterday?
你昨天在哪儿?


I was at home.
我在家里。

为了便于记忆行为动词
(实义动词)的一般过去时用法及结构,
我们可用以下歌诀来帮助记
忆:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生 事。

谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志。

否定形式很简单,主语之后
didn

t
添。

谓语动词要还原。疑问构成有规则,主语前面加
did


过去式的构成

be
动词和实义动词过去式的构成:



系动词
be
的过去式有两种形式:
was

were
。其中
was

am

is
的过去式,
were

are
的过去式。



规则动词过去式的构成:

①一般在动词末尾加—
ed


【举例】
walk

walked play

played
②以不发音
e
结尾的动词末尾只加—
d

【举例】
love

loved decide

decided
③结尾是
“辅音字母+
y

的动词。
先将
y
变为
i

再加—
ed


【举例】
study

studied carry

carried
④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写该辅音字母,再加—
ed


【举例】
stop

stopped plan

planned































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规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆:

过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加—
ed
如果词尾有个
e
(不发音的)
,只需直接加上—
d


“辅音字母+
y
”在词尾,变
y

i
加—
ed


“一辅重闭”作尾巴,双写之后加—
ed


随堂练习:

一.写出下列动词的过去式。



is ________



_______




________




_______


t _________



6. aren

t ________ ________


_______
________





_______


_______



_________
二.用适当的词完成下列对话。

1.

How was your weekend?

It ______ great.

What _______ you ______ last weekend ?

I _______ some homework.
2.

What ______ she ______ last weekend?

She _______ to the beach.
3.

What _______ they do last weekend?

They ________ to the movies.
三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

1. We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.
____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday.
3._______ you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year?
4. What day _______ (be) it yesterday?
old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor.
________ (have) a party last night.
__________ (visit) the museum and went home.
8.

How _______ (be) the students?

They were very friendly.
often _______ (have) supper at home. Today he ______ (have) supper at school.
had great fun _______ (play) in the water.
made me ______ (feel) very happy.
12.

______ he _______ (have) lunch at nine?

No, he didn

t.
_________(buy) a guitar yesterday.

四.句型转换。

1. He came here last month. (
改为否定句
) He _______ _______ here last month.
2..They played football this morning. (













)
______ they _______ football this morning?

Yes, they _______.

No, they _________ .
went to Beijing last year. (
就划线部分提问
)
_________ _________ they ________ last year.
watched TV last night. (
改为一般疑问句
)
_______ Tom _______ TV last night?
does homework every day. (

last night
改写句子
)
Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________ .




































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一般现在时的用法与结构

1
、一般现在时的定义及构成


一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。

(1)
be(am,is,are)
动词

(
作谓语动词时
) < br>肯定句
:
主语
+be
动词
(am,is,are)+
其它。

如:


I am a student.(
主语
+be
动词
+
名词
)

They are hungry.
(主语
+be
动词
+
形容词)



He is out.(
主语
+be
动词
+
副词
)


That pen is mine.(
主语
+be
动词
+
代词
)


I am fifteen.(
主语
+be
动词
+
数词
)


The bike is under the tree.(
主语
+be
动词
+
介词短语
)
运用
am,is,are
写三个句子

否定句:主语
+ be(am,is,are) + not +
其它。

如:
He is not a worker.
他不是工人。

运用
am,is,are
写三个句子

一般疑问句:
Be(am,is,are) +
主语
+
其它。

如:
-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
运用
am,is,are
写三个句子

特殊疑问句:疑问词
+
一般疑问句。

如:
Where is my bike?
运用
am,is,are
写三个句子

特殊疑问句:

疑问词(
what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape,
what colour,

,
找句子中有没有
be
动词(
is, am
或者
are
)或情态动词或者助动词

(特殊疑问句
:
疑问词
+be
动词(
is, am
或者
are
)或情态动词或者助动词
+
其他
?


(2)
行为动词
:主语
+
行为动词
+
(其它)

(作谓语动词时
) 1)
主语不是第三人称单数时,

肯定句为:主语
+
动词原形
+
其它

否定式为:主语
+don't+
动词原形
+
其它
疑问句为:
Do+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其它?

e.g.

We speak Chinese.

Do you speak Chinese? ---Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

They don't speak Chinese.
写三个句子

2)
当主语是第三人称单数时:
(he,she,it,A/An,
单独的人或事物
:Lily/book)
肯定 句为
:
主语
+
动词(词尾加
s

es
)< br>+
其它。

否定式为:主语
+doesn't+
动词原形
+
其它
.
疑问句式:
Does+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其它?< br>

He speaks English.

He doesn't speaks English.

- Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
写三个句子

特殊疑问句:疑问词
+
一般疑问句。如:
How does your father go to work?
3)
动词
+s
的变化规则

(1)
一般情况下,直接加
-s
,如:
cook-cooks, milk-milks
(2)

s. x. sh. ch. o
结尾,加
-es
,如:
guess-guesses, wash- washes, watch-watches, go-goes
(3)

辅音字母
+y
结尾,变
y

i,
再加
-es
,如:
study-studies
(3)
情态动词(作谓语动词时
)(can,could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,need,shall,should,
will,would)
时,

句子结构为:

肯定句:主语
+
情态动词
+
动词原形。

否定句:主语
+
情态动词
+not+
动词原形

一 般疑问句
;
情态动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?































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特殊疑问句:疑问词
+
情态动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?

Eg:

He can speak English.

Can I help you? What can I do for you?
在实际应用中,一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用:

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month

),
once a week, on Sundays
……

例句:
He usually plays football on Sundays.

一、

写出下列动词的第三人称单数

talk______forget______h ope______stop______perform______play______say
buy______worry______fly______study_______like____ ___make______take__
love_______recite_______b ecome_______come_______drive_______

二、句型转换

1. The children have a good time in the park.
否定句:
_________________ _________________________
一般疑问句:
_______ _________________________________
对划线部分提问:< br>____________________________________
2. There is about nine hundred people at the concert.
否定句:
______________________________________ ____
一般疑问句:
_______________________________ _________
对划线部分提问:
_____________________ _______________
3. Ann does her homework yesterday evening.
否定句:
________________ __________________________
一般疑问句:
______ __________________________________
对划线部分提问:
____________________________________
4. I read an English book.

否定句:
_______ ___________________________________
一般疑问句:< br>________________________________________
肯定
/
否定回答:
_____________________________ _______

对划线部分提问:
___________________ _________________
5. My brother is in the park just now.

否定句:
________________ __________________________
一般疑问句:
______ __________________________________
对划线部分提问:
____________________________________
一般现在时第三人称单数句型转换练习

1. I go to school before 7:00 in the morning.
( he ) __________ ________________________________________________
2. I always go shopping with my mum on Sunday.
( she ) ______________________________________ ____________________
3.I sometimes play computer games after school on Sunday.
( he ) __________________________________________________ ________
4. I always take exercise after class on Monday.
( my mother )_______________ ___________________________________________































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