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2021年1月21日发(作者：安立群)
一般现在时、一般过去时

时态

名称

结构

常连用的词

主要用法

例句

陈述句：
I am an office worker.


He is so lazy.

They are at home now.
否定句：

I am not Tim.
She is not very beautiful.
They are not in the office.
一般疑问句：
Are you an officeassistant?


Is she beautiful?
often;

一般现在时
usually;

表示没有时
2
行为动词用
every…;

限的持久存
V
原形或
sometimes;

一般
V-s/es
，引导
在的
习惯性
always;

现在
疑问句和否
的动作或状
never;

时

定句，用
do
态
，
或现阶段
once/twice/… a
反复发生
的
或
don’t
；
第三
week/mon th/year;

动作或状态，
人称时用
on
或
一般真理

does
或
Sundays/Mondays/….;

doesn ’t,
有
does
出现动
词用原形；第
三人称陈述
句
V
后加
s
或
es.
1 be
动词用
am/is /are
表
示，之后接名
词，形容词或
介词。

陈述句：
I work in Shanghai.
He works at home.
Davy never watches TV at home.
否定句
: I don’t like the food in KFC.

Davy doesn’t like the food in KFC either.

一般疑问句
:
Do you want a cup of coffee? Does she live
near thesubway station?
1
．
be
动词用
过去式
was
或

yesterday;

were
表示。

the day before
yesterday;

在
过去
时间
一般
last
里所发生的
过去
2
行为动词用
week/month/year/….;

动作
或存在
时。

V-ed
，陈述
… ago;

的
状态
。

a moment ago;

句，疑问句和
just now;

否定句借助
于
did,
有
did
on/in+
过去的时间
;

出现动词用
原形。









1
陈述句：
I was a big was beautiful.
We were in Beijing last year.
否定句
: I was not at home at that moment.
We were not at work yesterday.
一般疑问句
: Were you a teacher?
Was she in the office last week?
陈述句：
I worked in Sunmoon.
We studied English there. He lived
inHongKong.
否定句
: I didn’t work here.

They didn’t see me. She liked English a lot.

一般疑问句
: Did you go to America?
Did he work in Sunmoon?
一般将来时、过去将来时

时态

名称

结构

常连用的词

主要用法

例句

陈述句：
I will fly to Hong Kong
tomorrow.
He will go with us.
We will arrive in Shanghai next week.
否定句
:I will never believe you again.
He will not come tonight.
We will not buy a car next year.
一般疑问句
:Will you go there by train?
Will he come tomorrow?
Will they live a five-star hotel?
陈述句：
I’m going to go to Hong K
ong by
air.


否定句
:We are not going to buy a house
here.
一般疑问句
:Are they going to change
their jobs?


特殊疑问句
:How are you going to tell
him?
陈述句：
I was going to buy a computer.
They told me that they were not going to
go abroad.
（间接引语）

否定句
:I was not going to buy a
computer.
He said he would come in Shanghai.


I said I would buy you a car one day.


















2

tomorrow,

the day after
tomorrow;

soon;

一般
即将
发生
next
将来
动作或状
week/month/year/...;

时

态。

the
week/month/year/...
after next;

2 is/am/are+going
on/in +
将来的时间；

to+V
原形，表示计
in+
一段时间；
.

划打算做什么事情。




1
任何人称
+will+V
原形
.

过去
was/were going to
将来
+V
原形

时

任何人称
+would
+V
原形

多用在宾语从句中

在
过去将
会
发生的
动作。

现在进行时、过去进行时

时态

名称

结构

常连用的词

主要用法

例句

现在
进行
is/am/are+V-ing


时

陈述句：
I’m waiting for my boy friend.

now
；

He is doing the housework at home now.
表示
现在
at present;

We are enjoying ourselves.
(
指说话人
否定句
:He is not playing toys.
at the

moment;
说话时
)
正
Look!(
放在句首
);

一般疑问句
:Are you having dinner at home?
在发生
的事
Listen! (
放在句
Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?
情。

首
);

特殊疑问句
:What are you doing now?
Where are they having a meal?
陈述句：
I was doing my homework at that
time.
at that time;

We were having a party while he was
at this time
sleeping.
过去
一段时
yesterday;

否定句
:He was not sleeping at 11 o’clock last

at+
时间点
间
正在发生
night.
+yesterday/last
的事情。

一般疑问句
: Were you watching TV at that
night;

time?
at that moment;

特殊疑问句
: What were you doing at that
moment?

过去
进行
was/were+V-ing
时

























3
现在完成时、过去完成时

时态

名称

结构

常连用的词

主要用法

例句

用来表示之
already
；
just
；< br>before;

前
已发生或
yet
(
否定句中)
；
ever
；
完成的动作
never
；
或状 态
，其
once/twice/…

结果的确和
for+
一段时间；


现在有联
since
+
时间点；


系。动作或
have/has+
since+
一段时间
+ago;

状态
发生在
p.p
（过去分
by+
现在时间；

过去
但它的
词）

so far
; up to now; till
影响现在还
now; until now;

现在
存在
；也可
recently/lately;

完成
表示
持续到
during/over/in the
时

现在
的
动作
past/last….

或状态
。

陈述句：
I have already told Davy. Davy has
known this matter.
He has lived here for nearly 10 years.
否定句
:I haven’t finished my homework..

Tim hasn’t come yet.

We haven’t h
eard any news about him
一般疑问句
: Has he worked here since he came
here?
特殊疑问句
: How long have you worked in this
company?
特别注意：

1.
have/has always been+
名词
/
形容词< br>/
介词：总是或一直是什么样子。。。

He has always been a good father.

I have always been busy.
They have always been in America.
3.
have/has been to:
表示去过或到过某地

2.
have/has gone to:
去了某地（未归）

I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hong
He has gone to Beijing.
Kong?
They have gone to the cinema.
Where have you been? I have never been here.
陈述句：
He said he had told Davy.
（间接引语）

He left the office after he had called Davy.
By the end of the day we had sold over 2000
过去的过去：

tickets.
过去
by+
过去的时间

动作发生在
had +
过去分
否定句
:She hadn’t had dinner before she went
完成
(
在
XX
之前，不迟于
)
；

过去的过
词

out.


时

表
“
过去某动作或时间以
去
。

一般疑问句
:Had she learnt English before she
前
”
的时间状语。

moved here?
特殊疑问句
:how many English words had he
learnt by the end of last year?










4
英语时态举例



Simple Present



一般现在时



句子结构
:
主语
+will+V.






句子结构
:
主语
+V



I
study
English everyday.



我每天都学习英语
.


If you are having problems,
I
will help
you study English.

句子结构
:
主语
+V-ed



如果你在学习英语当中
,
遇到问题
,
我


将帮助你
.
Two years ago,
I
studied
English in America.



句子结构
:
主语
+be going to+V



两年前
,
我在美国学英语
.


I’
m going to study
English next
year.



我明年将开始学习英语
.
Past Continuous



现在进行时



句子结构
:
主语
+will be+doing



I
will be studying
English when
句子结构
:
主语
you arrive tonight.



+was/were+doing



句子结构
:
主语
+be+doing



明晚你来的时候
,
我会正在学习英语
.


I
was studying
English when



句子结构
:
主语
+be going
I
am studying
English now.





you called yeaterday.

to+be+doing

我正在学习英语
.




你昨天给我打电话的时候
,
我正在


I’
m going to be
学习英语
.
studying
English when you
arrive tonight.



同上
.






5
Simple Past



一般过去时



Simple Future

一般将来时



Present Continuous



Future Continuous



过去进行时

将来进行时




Present Perfect



现在完成时



句子结构
:
主语
+will+have done



I
will have studied
every tense
by the time I finish this course.



句子结构
:
主语
+had done



句子结构
:
主语
+have/has
在我完成这个课程的时候
,
我已经能


done

完成英语时态的学习了
.




I
had studied
a little English


I
have studied
English in
句子结构
:
主语
+be going
before I moved to the U.S.

several different countries.



to+have done



在我搬去美国之前
,
我已经学习了


在一些国家
,
我已经学习了英语
.

一点英语
.
I’
m going to have studied
every


tense by the time I finish this
course.



同上
.


Present Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous





现在完成进行时

过去完成进行时



Future Perfect Continuous



将来完成进行时

句子结构
:
主语
+will have been
doing



I
will have been
studying
English for over three
hours by the time you arrive.



明晚你来的时候
,
我已经学习英语
3
个小时了
.


句子结构
:
主语
+be going to have
been doing



I’
m going to have been
studying
English for over three
hours by the time you arrive



同上
.


过去完成时

Past Perfect



将来完成时

Future Perfect



句子结构
:
主语
+had been doing



I
had been studying
English


for ten years before I moved
I
have been studying
English
to the U.S.

for ten years.





在我搬去美国之前
,
我已经学习了
我已经学习英语有十年的时间了
.
十年的英语了
.

句子结构
:
主语
+have/has
been doing


6

详细讲解
-
一般现在时



通常以动词原形表示。主语为第三人称单数时，用现单三形式。

动词
be< br>和
have(
表示
“
拥有
”)
各人称的单数形式为：

第一人称单数






第二人称单数





第三人称单数

Have


Have






Have













Has
Be




Am








Are















i s
一般现在时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：

动词
be
与

have
（表示
“
拥有
”
）
：否定式直接把
not
放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主
语之前，见下表：

否定式
&
疑问式

Be




Have




Be




Have
I am not (I’m not)…




I have not (haven’t)…




Am i…?




Have i…?

You
are
not
(aren’t)…




You
have
not
(haven’t)…




Are
you…?




Have
you…?

He is
not (isn’t)…




He has not (hasn’t)…




Is he …?




Has he …?


动词
be
的否定疑问式和简单回答：

否定疑问式





肯定回答





否定回答

Am I not (aren’t i)…?




Yes, you are.




No, you aren’t

Are you not (aren’t you)…?




Yes, I am.




No
, I’m not.

Is he not (isn’t he)…?




Yes, he is.




No, he isn’t


动词
be
与

have(
表示
“拥有
”)
：否定式直接把
not
放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主 语
之前，见下表：

否定式





疑问式

Be




Have




Be




Have
I am not (I’m not)…




I have not (haven’t)…




Am i…
?




Have I …?

You
are
not
(aren’t)…




You
have
not
(haven’t)…




Are
you
…?




Have
you…?


7

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