2019-2020年高考英语 It+be+时间+从句总结与练习
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2019-2020
年高考英语
It+be+
时间
+
从句总结与练习
总结一
在“
It +be+
时间
+
从句”结构中,引导从句的从属连词有
before, that, since, until
(
till
)
, when
等。这一结构是近几年高考常考的知识点,现将它们的用法小结如下:
一、
It +be
(
not
)
+
时间段
+before
从句。
其中的主句 是肯定式时,意为“过多长时间才……”
;主句是否定式时,意为“没过多久就……”
。例如:
1. It was not long before the whole country rose and drove the Austrian soldiers from their homeland.
不久,全国人民便奋起反抗,把奥地利军队从他们的国土上赶了出去。
2. It may be five or six years before the new medicine is tested on human beings.
要过五六年时间这种新药才能在人身上做试验。
3. It was two months before he designed the bridge.
过了两个月,他设计出了这座桥梁。
二、
It +will be
(
was
)
+
时间段
+until
从句
若主句中用一般将来时,则从句中用一般现 在时,意思是从现在起到从句中谓语动词表示的动作发生时还有多长
时间;若主句中用一般过去时,则从 句中也用一般过去时,意思是从过去某一时间起到从句中谓语动词表示的动作发
生还有多长时间。例如:
1. It will be ten days until my birthday es.
到我生日还有十天。
2. It was only five minutes until her husband came back from work.
当时离她丈夫下班只有五分钟了。
注意:结构“一”与结构“二”在肯定句中几乎可以通用。但是,若从句中谓语动词表示的将来动作一定或预 期
肯定会发生,
则多用
until
引导从句;
若从句中谓语动词 表示的将来动作在客观上并非一定要发生时,
则多用
before
引导从句。
三、
It +is / has been
(
was
)
+
时间段
+since
从句
在这一结构中,主句常用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般过去时。如果
since
引导的状语从句中的谓语动词为非
延续性动词,则表示“自从状语从句中的动作发生以后,时间过不了多 久”
。例如:
1. It is two years since Jim came to China.
吉姆来中国两年了。
2. It has been three years since they got married.
他们结婚已经三年了。
如果
since
从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词,
则表示
“自从 从句谓语动词表示的动作结束以来,
时间已过了多久”
。
例如:
3. It is / has been a year since he smoked.
他戒烟已经一年了。
四、
It +is / was +
时间点
+when
从句
在这一结构中,时间之前没有介词,从句为
when
引导的时间状语从句。从句常 用一般过去时,意为“当某事发
生时,时间是……”
。例如:
1. It was October 1st, 1949 when the People's Republic of China was founded.
中华人民共和国成立于
1949
年
10
月
1
日。
2. What time was it when you got to school?
你几点到的学校。
五
. It is /was +
时间状语
+that
从句
这是一个强调句型,被强调的部分是时间状语。表示“正是在某个时间,某事 发生了”
。例如
1. It was ten years ago that he joined the army.
他正是在十年前参的军。
2. It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street.
就是在昨天下午我在街上遇见了他。
六、
It is / was +first time / second time +
(
that
)从句
在这一结构中,
time
前面常用序数词来修饰,
that
引导的是定语从句,从句中常用现在完成时态或过去完成
时态,表示“这是第……次做某事”
。 例如:
1. This is the first time in my life that I have e to Beijing.
这是我一生中第一次来北京。
2. It was the third time that he had asked the same question.
这是他第三次问同一个问题。
七、
It is
(
high
)
time +that
从句
在这一结构中,
that
从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即“
should
+
动词原形”或用动词的过去式,表示“该
做某事了”
。例如:
1. It is high time that we began our work.
我们该开始我们的工作了。
2. It is time that he left the place.
他该离开那个地方了。
It +be+
时间
+
从句”结构
动漫英语中心
总结二
例
1
:
It
is
almost
five
years_____we
saw
each
other
last
time.(05
北京
)
例
2
:
-Did
Jack
e
back
early
last
night
?
-
was
not
yet
eight
o
‘
clock________he
arrived
home.
例
1.
正确答案:
B
我们已经有
5
年没见面了。
例
2.
正确答案:
B
他回家时还不到
8
点
这类考题出现频率较高,考生又极易混淆,在复习中做出归类非常必要:
is/has
been
+
时间段
+
since
+
一般过去时
例
1
:
It
is/has
been
10
years
since
he
came
here.
这类句型可转化为:
=Ten
years
has
passed
since
he
came
here.
这一句型可扩展为:
It
was+
时间段
+since(
从句用过去完成时
)
例
2
:
It
was
years
since
he
had
arrived
in
China.(
过去是
+since+
过去完成时
)
需要 注意的是
since
从
句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,但有时也可用延续性动词或 表示状态的词,此时需要注意句子的翻译:
例
3
:
It
is
three
years
since
she
came
to
our
class.
她来我们班已经有三年了。
It
is
three
years
since
she
was
in
our
class.
她离开我们班已经有三年了。
+
was
+
时间点
+
when
clause(
从句谓语用一般过去时
) will
be+
时间点
+when
clause(
从句谓语用
一般现在时表将来
)
例
1
:
It
was
already
evening
when
he
came
back.
当他回家时已经
8
点了。
例
2
:
It
will
be
midday
when
they
get
home.
当他们到家时将是中午。
+
will(not)
be
+
时间段
+
before
+
现在时
was(not)+
时间段
+before+
过去时
例
1
:
It
will
be
another
year
before
he
es
here.
例
2
:
It
was
some
time______we
realized
the
truth.(xx
山东
24)
例
2
:正确答案:
D
。过了一段时间后我们才了解了真相。
该句型中
before
前常用时间段,表示“…之后才…”
“在…
之 前就…”
;
有时
before
前也可以用时间点,此时突出表示动作的变化。 试比较:
例
3
:
It
was
evening
before
we
reached
the
little
town
of
Tailstocks.
当我们 到达
Tailstocks
时
已经黑了。
(
到达前天还没有黑
)
/This
is
+
the
+
序数词
+
时间
+
定语从句
(
从句用完成时
)
例
1
:
It
is
the
first
time
(that)
I
have
been
here.(
定语从句
)
该句型可扩展为:
It
was +
序数词
+
时间
+
定语从句
(
从句用过去完成时< br>)
例
2
:
It
was
the
second
time
he
had
been
out
with
her
alone.
例
3
:
It
’
s
the
second
time
you________late
this
week.
d
rived
ived
正确答案:
C
。这是这个星期你第二次迟到了。
is
+
(high)time
+
that
+
did(
虚拟语气
)
例
1
:
It
is
(high)
time
(that)
we
stopped
pollution.
其中
that
引导得从句 中也可用
should+V(
原型
)
例
2
:
It
is
(high)
time
(that)
you
came/should
e
here.
写作中表示建议时也常可用这类句型。
例
3
:
It
‘
s
high
time
we
took
measures
to
solve
this
problem.
注意应将以上
5
种句型与强调时间的强调句型的区别。
be
+
时间
(
被强调部分
)
+
that
例
1
:
It
was
at
6
o
’
clock
that
we
heard
the
noise.
例
2
:
It
was
3
years
ago
that
he
joined
the
army.
最简单的判断方法是:当表示时间的词前有介词或
者后有副词时,
一定是强调结构,
必用
that
。
试比较下面句式与强调句的不同之处:
It
was
already
ten
o
‘
clock
when
he
arrived. It
is
ten
years
since
I
met
you
last. It
was
quite
some
time
before
he
found
the
elephant
at
all.
以上几句中时间前无介词后没副词故不是强调句型。
《动手练一练》
:
was
not
until
1936________basketball
became
a
regular
part
of
the
Olympic
Games.
will
not
be________we
meet
again.
before
long
after
y
after
3.
──
He
was
nearly
drowned
once.
──
When
was________
?
──
________was
in
xx
when
he
was
in
middle
school. It
;This
;It
;This
was
evening________we
reached
the
little
town
of
Winchester.(04
天
津
)
5Scientists
say
it
may
be
five
or
six
years_it
is
possible
to
test
this
medicine
on
human
patients.
was______I
met
in
London.
years
that
many
years
since
many
years
ago
when
years
ago
that
7.-What
was
the
party
like
?
-
‘
s
years_____I
enjoyed
myself
so
much.
was
about
600
years
ago___the
first
clock
with
a
face
and
an
hour
hand
was
made.
(Keys
:
AAADCDDA 1
正确答案:
A 2
正确答案:
B )
历年高考单选题
例
1
:
I
’
m
sorry
you
’
ve
been
waiting
so
long,
but
it
’
ll
still
be
some
time
____
Brian
get
back.
A.
before
B. since C. till D. after
例
2
:
-Did
Jack
e
back
early
last
night
?
-
was
not
yet
eight
o
‘
clock________he
arrived
home.
这类考题出现频率较高,考生又极易混淆,在复习中做出归类非常必要:
1.
It
is/has
been
+
时间段
+
since
+
一般过去时
如:
It
is/has
been
5
years
since
he
came
to
our
school.
这一句型可引申为:
It
was+
时间段
+since(
从
句用过去完成时
)
如:
It
was
10
years
since
he
had
arrived
in
China.
需 要注意的是
since
从句的谓语
动词一般是非延续性动词,
但有时也可用延 续性动词或表示状态的词,
此时需要注意句子的翻译:
如:
It
is
three
years
since
she
came
to
our
class.
她来我们班已经有三年了。
It
is
three
years
since
she
was
in
our
class.
她离开我们班已经有三年了。
总之,在翻译此类句子的时候我 们要记住一点,那就是“自从这一动作结束以来”
,只要记住这一点我们就比较好理解
句子了。
+
was
+
时间点
+
when
clause(
从句谓语用一般过去时
) It will
be+
时间点
+when
clause(
从句谓语
用一般现在时表将来
)
如:
It
was
already
eight
o'clock
when
he
came
back.
当他回家时已经
8
点了。
It
will
be
midday
when
they
get
home.
当他们到家时将是中午。
+
will(not)
be
+
时间段
+
before
+
现在时
It was(not)+
时间段
+before+
过去时
如:
It
will
be
another
year
before
he
es
here. It
was
some
time______we
realized
the
truth.(05
山东
24)
正确答案:
D
。过了一段时间后我们才了解了真相。
/This
is
+
the
+
序数词
+
时间
+
that
从句
(
从句用完成时
)
如:
It
is
the
first
time
that
I
have
been
here.
该句型可引申为:
It
was+
序数词
+
时间
+that
从句
(
从句用 过去完成时
)
如:
It
was
the
second
time
that he
had
been
out
with
her
alone.
is
+
(high)time
+
that
+
did(
虚拟语气
)
如:
It
is
(high)
time
(that)
we
stopped
pollution.
其中
that
引导得从句中也可用
shou ld+V(
原型
)
如:
It
is
(high)
time
(that)
you
came/should
e
here.
写作中表示建议时也常可用这类句型。
如:
It
‘
s
high
time
we
broke
away
from
the
bad
habits
and
formed good ones.
注意应将以上
5
种句型与强调时间的强调句型的区别:
be
+
时间
(
被强调部分
)
+
that
如:
It
was
at
6
o
’
clock
that
we
heard
the
noise.
(强调
句)
It
was
3
years
ago
that
he
joined
the
army.
(非强调句)
最简单的判断方法是:当表示时 间的
词前有介词或者后有副词时,
一定是强调结构,
必用
that
。
试比较下面句式与强调句的不同之处:
It
was
already
ten
o
‘
clock
when
he
arrived. It
is
ten
years
since
I
met
you
last. It
was
quite
some
time
before
he
found
the
elephant
at
all.
以上几句中时间前无介词后没副词故不是强调句型。
探究语法填空中“
It be +
时间
+conj
”句型
在各类考试和历届高考试题中“
it+be+time+conj
”句型以不同的形式 出现
,
往往使同学们顾此失彼
,
一头雾水
,
原因在
于没有搞清楚各个句型的特点及实质
,
现结合历届高考题分别予以探究。
(
一
)It is +
时间段
+since+
从句
It has been +
时间段
+since+
从句
此句型的要点:
(1)
注意
since
前后句子时态
.
since
前的时态为
is
或
has been,
后的时态为一般过去时
Eg: It is(has been) ten years since I joined the army
译为
:
我参军已经十年了
.
(2) since
后的动 词若为延续性或状态性动词
,
应译为否定或相反
,
若为短暂性动词按字面意思 翻译
.
Eg: It is(has been) ten years since I was a teacher =It is(has been) ten years since I left the army
译
为
:
我复员十年了
.
It is ten years since I smoked =It is ten years since I stopped smoking
译为
:
我戒烟十年了
.
练习
:
1
、-
What
was
the
party
like
?-
Wonderful.
It
’
s
years____
I
enjoyed
myself
so
much
A:
after
B:before
C:when
D:since
2
、
I
live
in
Beijing
now,
that
’
s
to
say,
it
’
s
ten
years
since
I
____Beijing.
A:lived
in
B:left
for
C:left
D:was in
3
、
I
’
m a teacher now, that
’
s to say, it is ten years since I___ a teacher. A: have been B: was C:became
D:turned Key.
【
Keys
:
1
、
D 2
、
B 3
、
C
】
(二)
It will be +
时间段
+before+
一般现在时的从句
“要过多久
/
不久…才…”
It was +
时间段
+before+
一般过去时的从句
“过了多久才…”
“
before
”句型和“
since
”句型的共性都加时间段
,
差异在于前后的时态和翻译。
Eg:
①
It will be ten years before I return home.
译为
:
要过十年我才能回家
.
②
It was ten years before he found his lost boy.
译为
:
过了十年他才找到了他失踪的儿子
.
练习
:
1
、
It is reported that it may be two or three months_____it is possible to test this medicine on animals.
A:since B:after C:before D:when
2
、-
How long do you think it will be ______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon
?
-
Perhaps two or three years A:when B:until C:that D:before
3
、
How long do you think ____ the puter pany brings out a new product
?
(xx.
上海
)
A: it will be before B:will it be until C:will it be when D: it will be that
【
Keys:1
、
C 2
、
D 3
、
A
】
(三)
It will be+
时间点
+when+
一般现在时的从句
It was +
时间点
+when+
一般过去时的从句
与“
before
”句型比较
:
前后时态一致
与“
since
”
、
“
before
”句型强调的 是时间段,而”
when
“句型强调的是时间点。
Eg:
①
It will be midnight when I return home.
译为
:
我回到家的时间将是午夜
.
②
It was noon when the accident happened
译为
:
事故发生时已是正午
.
练习
:
1
、
___ was 1979 ____ I graduated from university (1997.
上海
) A:That; that B:It; that C:That; when D:It;
when
2
、
It was breakfast _____ our teacher punished me (xx.
北京
) A:when B: until C:since D: before
【
Keys: 1
、
D 2
、
A
】
(
四
)It is(was)+
时间点
+that
的强调句型
强调句仅是形似,与“
when
”句型的比较很明显:
1.
强调句时间点部分通常带有介词;
2.
去掉
it is(was)
……
that
之后,句子整合成一个完整的句子。
Eg:
①
It was in the morning that I was robbed
in the street.
(删除后还原:
I was robbed in the street in the morning.
)
=It was this morning that I was
robbed in the street.
②
It was at 7:00 that I met Tom this morning.
(删除后还原:
I met Tom this morning at 7:00.
)
=It was 7:00 when I met Tom this morning
2019-2020
年高考英语
Life in the future
知识点总复习教案新人教版
Section I
课前准备、听力、口语
1.
What
will
life
be
like
in
the
future?
未来的生活会是什么样子
?
(p.41
Warming
Up)
What
...like?
“……像 什么/怎么样/什么样子?”,
此处
like
是介词,
其宾语是
wh at
。
如:
①
What's
the
weather
like
there?
那儿的天气怎么样
?
②
What's
your
teacher
like?
你老师是怎样一个人
?
2.
What
happened
to
the
people
on
the
earth?
地球上的人出什么事了
?
(p.42
Listening
Ex.3)
happen to“某人/某物发生了什么事,怎么了”。如:①
That autumn something
unfortunate happened to my family.
那年秋天,我家发生了一件不幸的事。②
What
finally
happened to the
poor boy?
这可怜的男孩最后怎么了
?
③
What
has happened to
your leg?
你的腿怎么了
?
④
What has happened to the recorder?
录音机怎么了
?
3. It would be wonderful if (I had more free time)!
假如
(
我有更多的自由时间
)
,
那该多好啊
! (p.43 Useful expressions)
什么是虚拟语气
?
虚拟语气表示说话人的 主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等,
也可以表示可能性较小或不可能发生的情况,
虚 拟语气常用于复合句中。
上句是一个含有条
件状语从句的复合句,
主句和从句的谓语动 词使用了虚拟语气,
表示“与现在事实相反的”
一种假设。
那么,
当说话人想 表示“与现在事实相反的”假设时,
主句和条件状语从句的谓
语动词的“模版形式”是怎样的呢
?
请观察如下,
例如:
①
If
I
were
you,
I
wouldn't
accept
her suggestion.
如果我是你,我不会接受她的建议。②
If I knew the answer to the
question,
I
should
(would)
tell
you.
如果我知道问题的答案,我会告诉你的。③
If
he
were
here,
he
might
talk
with
you.
如果他在这儿,他可能会跟你谈谈的。④
If
I
didn't
do exercise every day, I wouldn't be so strong.
如果我不每天锻炼,我是不会这么强
壮的。
Section
Ⅱ
阅读
4. One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends
in contemporary society.
瞥一眼未来是什么样子的办法之一是考察一下当今社会的主要
倾向。
(p.43 Reading
‘
Life in the future
’
第
2
行
)
(1) to catch a
glimpse
意为“看一眼;瞥见”。在句中作
one
way
的定语;
to
examine
some of the major trends in contemporary society
作表语。①
I caught a glimpse of
our
new
neighbor.
我只看过一眼我们的新邻居。②
I
glimpsed
her
among
the
crowd.
我
瞥见她在人群当中。③
The man glimpsed the thief climbing out of the window.
那人
瞥见小偷从窗户爬出来。
(2)
major
(adj.
&
n.
&
vi.)
主要的,较大的,主修的;
major
in
主修。如:①
The
major
aim
of
the
air
raid
was
the
plete
destruction
of
all
means
of
munica-
tions
by
bombing.
空袭的主要目的是通过轰炸彻底摧毁敌人的通讯设施。②
Cities, such as Shanghai,
Beijing and Guangzhou are major cities in China.
像上海、北京和广州等城市是中国
的主要城市。③
Physics was his major subject in the university.
物理是他大学的主
修课。④
He is a history major.
他是主修历史的学生。⑤
He majors in physics.
他
主修物理。
5.
A
good
example
of
how
transportation
is
changing
is
the
new
maglev
train
,
which
is environmentally friendly, energy-saving and travels at an amazing speed of 430
km
/
h.
交通工具是如何变化的一个很好的例子就是新兴的磁悬浮火车, 这种火车既友好于
周
围
环
境
,
又
节
能,
并
且
以
每
小
时
430
公
里
的
惊
人
速
度
行
驶
。
(p.43
Reading
‘
Transportation
’
第
4
行
)
(1)
句中
how transportation is changing (
交通工具是如何变化的
)
作介词
of
的宾语
从句;
which
is…and
travels…430
km/
h
是限制性定语从句,
其先行词是
train
。
amaze
(vt.)
使惊奇,使吃惊;
amazing
(adj.)
令人惊异的;
amazed
(
人
)
惊异的,惊愕的。如:①
Her
knowledge
amazes
me.
她的学识令我吃惊。②
Visitors
were
amazed
at
the
achievements
of the city during the past ten years.
参观者对这城市过去十年中的成就感到惊奇。
③
I was amazed by the news of George's sudden death.
听到乔治突然去世的消息,我
感到惊愕。④
What an amazing painting!
多么了不起的一幅油画啊
!
(2)
at
a
speed
of
...
以……的速度
The
car
is
racing
at
a
frightening
speed
of
200
m
/
h.
这辆小汽车以每小时
200
英里的吓人速度飞驰着。
6.
Many
panies
and
consumers
have
already
begun
reforming
the
way
they
do
business.
许多公司
和消费者已经开始改革他们之间的交易形式。
(p.43 Reading
‘
Business
’
第
1
行
)
(1) reforming the way they do business
是动名词 短语作宾语。动词
begin
的宾语也
可用不定式,可改为…begun to reform the way they do business;
they do business
作名词
way
的定语从句。
☆
reform
(
n.
&
v.)
改革,改进,悔改。如:①
The
reform
and
open
policy
has
brought
us Chinese people a rich and colourful life.
改革开放的政策给我们中国人民带来了
富裕和丰富多彩的生活。②
We must reform the outdated rules and regulations.
我们
必须改革那些过时的规章制度。③
He promised to reform if given another chance.
他
答应只要再给他一次机会就一定悔改。
(2)
名词
w ay(
方法
)
后面的定语从句的关系词可用
that
代替
i n which
,也可以如上句一
样不用任何关系词。再如:①
They
way(that
/
in
which)you're
doing
is
pletely
crazy.
你这么干法,简直是发疯了。②
I liked the way(that
/
in which)she organized the
meeting.
我喜欢她组织会议的方法。
【拓展】
in
this
/
that
/
the
wa y
中的介词常可省略;
way
后既可跟“带
to
的动词不定式”结构
作其定语,也可跟“of +
-
ing”结构作其定语,两者之间没有多大的区别;另外,不要混
淆
in the way(
挡道
)
,
on the way (
在途中
)
和
by the way(
顺便说
)
。请看如下例句:①
I
think you're putting it together (in) the wrong way.
我认为你把它装错了。②
Do it
any way you like.
你爱怎么干就怎么干。
③
There was no way to prove that he stole
the money.
没有办法证明他偷了钱。④
There was no way of proving that he stole the
money.
没有办法证明他偷了钱。⑤
Please don't stand in the kitchen door
–
you're
in the (my) way.
请别站在厨房门口
—
你挡了我的路。
(3) do business
(with…)
(
与……)
做买卖,做生意,做交易。
We're doing a lot of
business with foreigners now.
现在我们跟外国人的买卖量很大。
7. E-merce, or business done on the Internet, is being more and more popular.
电