土地资源管理专业英语 全
萌到你眼炸
576次浏览
2021年01月22日 23:22
最佳经验
本文由作者推荐
-大人的烦恼
第一篇
consolidation is sometimes incorrectly interpreted to be only the simple
reallocation of parcels to remove effects of fragmentation.
土地整理有时被错误的
理解成为了克服土地破碎化的影响仅对土地进行的简单再配置。
reality land consolidation has been associated with broader social and
economic reforms from the time of its earliest applications in western Europe.
现实中土地整理已与更广泛的社会和经济改革想结合，最初应用在西欧。
consolidation has always been regarded as an instrument or entry point for
rural development.
土地整理一直被视为一种工具或切入点，在农村发展问题上。
concepts of rural development were virtually the same as agricultural
development because of the predominant role of agriculture in rural areas at the
time.
早期概念的农村发展几乎一样的农业发展
,< br>因为农业主导作用在农村地区的时间。
ing
the
agrarian
structure
was
viewed
as
being
identical
to
maintaining
the
social viability in rural areas; what was good for the farmers was good for areas.
改善农业用地结构被认为与维持乡村地区的社会生存发展能力具有相同 的含义，
对农民有益
的事物也对乡村地区的发展有益。
emphasis of land consolidation projects has shifted from a focus on
restructuring
agriculture
to
one
of
achieving
more
efficient
multiple
use
of
rural
space by balancing the interests of agriculture, landscape, nature conservation ,
recreation
and
transportation,
especially
when
land
is
required
for
the
construction
of major roads.
土地整理工程的重点已经从以调整农业结构为主转变为通过平 衡农业、景
观、
自然保护、
休闲娱乐和交通特别是土地要满足主干道路建设需求时之间 的利益关系来实
现乡村空间更有效的多功能利用。
line
with
other
changes
in
the
concept
of
rural
development,
land
consolidation
now
places
increasing
importance
on
gender
inclusion
,
participatory
approaches
and
the use of mediation and alternative dispute resolution in resolving co nflicts.
为了保持与乡村发展概念中其他变化的一致性，
如今，
土地整理日益 强调性别包含。
参与途
径以及在化解矛盾时调节机制和解决选择性冲突。
most
effective
consolidation
instrument
of
rural
development
is
comprehensive
land
consolidation
but
at
times
other
approaches
such
as
simplified
consolidation
,
voluntary
group
consolidation
,
and
individual
consolidation
initiatives
can
bring
benefits. 最有效的整合农村发展的工具是全面的土地整理
,
但有时其他的方法
,
如 简化的
整合
,
志愿组织整合
,
和个人整合行动可以带来的好处。
hensive land consolidation include the re- allocation of parcels together
with a broad range of other measures to promote rural developme nt.
综合土地整理包
括破碎地块的配置和促进乡村发展的范围广泛的其他措施。
allocation of responsibilities for carrying out these steps also varies
between jurisdictions.
职责分配执行这些步骤也在不同法域之间。
There is usually a clear division between responsibility for overall
supervision ,control and monitoring functions, and responsibility for
implementation.
在全面监督、控制、监测功能和执行的职责之间具有明显的差别
The responsibilities for the supervising agency should be defined in legislation.
One
of
the
first
considerations
in
proposing
a
land
consolidation
pilot
project
is
determining the roles and responsibilities of the various parties .
负责监督 机构
应立法界定。一次考虑在提出土地整理试点项目是确定的作用和责任的各当事方。
hensive land consolidation projects usually have extensive public works
and so they require the participation of a large number of central government
agencies
such
as
the
Ministry
of
Agriculture
,Ministry
of
Justice,
Cadastre
offices,
Registry offices, Ministry of Public Works, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of
Transportation and Ministry of Rural Development.
土地综合整治项目通常有广泛的公
共工程，所以他们需要
participationg
大量中央政府机构等农业部，司法部，地籍登记办
公室，办公室 ，公共工程部，环境部，交通部和农村发展部。
the
trend
towards
decentralization
projects
increasingly
involve
local
and
regional governments, municipalities, water boards or water associations.
随着地
方分权趋势的深化，< br>工程日益需要地方和区域政府、
市政府、
水资源理事会或者协会的参与。
ng that the project is cost-effective is crucial. Geographic information
systems
and
satellite
positioning
systems
are
now
routinely
used
to
reduce
time
and
costs of surveying and planning .
确保项目的成本效益是
phic
信息系
统和 卫星定位系统现在经常用来减少时间和成本的测量和规划。
Several countries have developed semi-automated systems for use in designing the
new layout of reallocated parcels.
几个国家已开发的半自动化系统在设计使用新布局
的重新分配包裹。
dual consolidation.
个人整理。
Consolidation of holdings can take place on an informal and sporadic basis.
土地
整理可以在非正式的、零星的基础上进行。
The state is not directly involved and so these initiatives do not include the
provision of public facilities. .
国家不直接参与，所以这些举措不包括提供公共。
15.
However
，
the
state
can
play
a
significant
role
in
encourage
consolidation
that
improve
agriculture
by
promoting
instrunments
such
as
joint
use
agreements
，
leasing
and retirement schemes.
但是国家可以在鼓励土地整理方面发挥重要作用，
通过促进像联合土地利用 协议、
租赁和收
回方案等手段来改善农业生产条件。
第二篇
are
broad
statements
of
desired
outcomes(e.g.
maintain
ecosystem
health
and
productivity, promote community stability, ensure sustainable development)that
usually are not quantifiable.
目的是对通常不能量化的预期成果（例如维持生态系统的
健康和生产能力、促进社区稳定、保障 可持续发展）都宽泛描述。
the
release
of
the
original
Handbook,
the
BLM
has
worked
with
RACs
(resource
advisory councils) to develop Land Health Standards applicable to all ecosystems
and management actions.
土地管理局原“手册”的发布以来，一直与
RACS
（资源咨询理事
会）开发土地健康标准“适用于所有的生态系统和管理行动。
Land Health Standards must be expressed as goals in the land use plan.
这些土地的卫生标准必须表示为目标的土地利用规划。
4.A
sample
goal
for
a
Land
Health
Standard
is:
“
Maintain
healthy,
productive
plant
and animal communities of native and other desirable species at viable population
levels commensurate with the species and habitat’s potent ial.”一个有关土地健康
标准的典型调查目的是：
使健康、
具有生产能力的本地动 物和植物群落以及其他值得保护的
物种保持和物种与栖息地潜力相称的能够繁衍的种族水平。
5.A
sample
goal
from
the
Strategic
plan
is:
“
Sustain
desired
biological
communities
on
Department
of the
Interior-managed and
influenced
lands
and
waters
in
a
manner
consisten with obligations regarding the allocation and use of wa ter.
战略规划目
的的例子为：
以与有关水资源分配和利用职责相一致的方式，在土地和水的内部管理、
内部
影响的区域内保持有益生物群落的活力。
the land use plan level,it is important to identify reasonable development
scenarios for allowable uses such as mineral leasing,locatable mineral
development,recreation timber harvest,utility corridors,and livestock grazing to
enable the orderly implementation of future actions.
在土地利用计划的水平，重要
的是确定合理的开发方案允许使用诸如矿产租 赁，
可定位的矿产开发，
娱乐的木材收获，
公
用走廊，牲畜放牧使有条不紊的 执行未来的行动。
第三篇
al land evaluation provides no objective method to compare
different land uses for a given land area, as there is no inherent
common scale of measure between the land use.
由于不同土地利用方式之间
缺乏内在共有的衡量标准，
因此特定区域土地的自然评价就不能提供 客观的方法来比较不同
的土地利用方式。
can count the number of physical constraints to each use, but it is difficult
to compare their relative severity or degree of limitation.
我们可以计算数量的物理限制每个使用，但它是很难比较的相对严重性或程度的限制的。
constraints may lead directly to yield reductions, but others are only
expressed
as
management
difficulties.
一些限制可能直接导致产量减少，但其他人只表
现为管理上的困难
need
some
objective
and
commensurate
comparison
of
costs
and-benefits
for
each
land use on each land unit.
我们需要一些客观的和相称的比较成本
and- benefits
各土
地利用对各土地单元。
many situations
,it is realistic to use economic measure of
cost
and benefit,