-自由作文

2021年1月23日发(作者：匆匆那年歌曲)
（英语）英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析


一、阅读理解

1
．
根据短文内容选择正确答案。


D

If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably
not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.


Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty
in such positive
（积极的）
light when you’re out of work, or
when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance.

When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea
what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting
（咨询）
, but she knew she wouldn’t stay
there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income
（收入）
by
teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she
w
asn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted.

She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She
was
lost
and
felt
that
she
would
never
find
anything
out.
After
six
years,
Allison,
by
having
a
general
（全面的）
plan
in mind,
got
married,
moved
to
the Midwest,
and
used
her
consulting
experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well
spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ours
elves.

The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise
your
life
is
not
your
own
—
it
is
a
path
someone
else
has
chosen.
Moments
of
uncertainty
are
when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job
hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty.
Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.

（
1
）
From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that .


A. being out of work is a sad thing B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting

C. life in a film is more exciting than real life.
D. chance never appears when we need it

（
2
）
What troubles Allison after graduation?


A.
She couldn’t find a well
-paid job.

B. She had no money to start a business.

C. She was not sure what to do.

D.
She didn’t score high enough for graduate school.

（
3
）
How did Allison feel about her
six years’ working experience?


A. Uncertain.
B. Amazed .
C. Sorry.
D. Satisfied.

（
4
）
What may be discussed in the following paragraph?


A. How to deal with uncertainty.
B. What role uncertainty plays in life.

C. Why people fear uncertainty. D. Whom to go to when facing uncertainty.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】这是一篇关于 人生的议论性短文。短文以艾莉森为例描写了人生的不确
定性，也正是正在不确定性才让我们的生活变得 更加有趣。但是短文最后并没有提出解决
办法。

（
1
）细节理解。根据
The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.
可知生活
的 刺激性正是因为他的不可预知性，故选
B
。

（
2
）细节理解。根据
but had no idea what she wanted to do.
及下文描述可知选
C
。

（
3
）细节理解。根据
Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way:
及本段描述可
知选
D
。

（
4
）推理判断。根据
you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.
及上文描述可知本
段对不确 定性进行了描述，但是并没有提出解决办法，故选
A
，如何处理不确定性。

点评：阅读中，要注意作者的观点，注意根据关键语句了解作者要表达的观点。然后带着
问题，再读全文 ，完成阅读。



2
．
阅读理解


When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.


At
the
age
of
9,
his
father
married
his
stepmother.
At
that
time
they
lived
poorly
in
the
countryside while his stepmother was from a wealthy family.

His father introduced Hill to his stepmother as he said,
shire
this
is
the
worst
boy,
who
has
made
me
have
no
other
way.
Maybe
before
tomorrow
morning he will throw a stone at you, or do a bad thing you will never imagine.

To Hill's surprise, his stepmother went up to him with a smile, held up his head and looked at
him carefully. She then turned around to tell her husband,
in the entire shire, but the cleverest and most creative boy. Only he doesn't find a place to show
himself.

His stepmother's words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears. With this, he started building
friendship
with
his
stepmother.
And
this
became
the
drive
of
his
life,
making
him
create
28
successful golden rules, which helped tens of thousands of ordinary people walk on the road to
success.


Before
his
stepmother
came,
no
one
praised
him
smart,
and
his
father
and
neighbours
considered him as a bad boy. However, his stepmother's words changed his life.

When Hill was 14 years old, his stepmother bought him a used typewriter and said to him,
believe you will become a writer.
writing things to a local newspaper. He understood his stepmother's strong feeling of interest in
his family while he saw with his own eyes she had changed his family. Therefore, he would do as
well as she expected him to.

The strength from his stepmother made him a rich man and famous writer in the United States
and one of the most important persons in the 20th century.

Praise will never be unnecessary, especially for children. A sincere
（真诚的）
praise may be
better than 10, 000 bad words.

（
1
）
What did people think of Hill before the age of nine?

A. Clever. B. Creative. C. Unfriendly. D. Foolish.

（
2
）
Hill started making friends with his stepmother after she .

A. smiled at him B. looked at him carefully

C. said good words about him
D. said bad words about him

（
3
）
Which of the following is WRONG about Hill?

A. He accepted his stepmother's typewriter.
B. He failed to do as he was expected.

C. He started writing to a local newspaper.
D. He understood his stepmother.

（
4
）
The passage was written mainly to tell us that .

A. children should be praised B. Hill's father married again

C. Hill's stepmother was kind to him
D. Hill's father was cruel to him

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】文章大意：小时候，希尔是一个坏孩子，当他九岁时，父亲娶了继 母，
父亲告诉吉姆他是个坏孩子，但是继母说他不会，而是个聪明的孩子，从此他跟继母的关
系 变的越来越好。在继母的关爱下成为美国著名的作家。


（
1
）细节理解题，根据

When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.

可知，希尔九岁
前是个出了名的坏孩子，故答案是
C
。


（
2
）细节理解题，根据

His stepmother's words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears.
With this, he started building friendship with his stepmother.


可知，在继母说了他的好话
后，他开始跟继母交朋友，故答案是
C
。


（
3
）正误判断题，根据

Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.

可 知他
跟继母期盼的做的一样好，因此
B
的陈述是错误的，故答案是
B
。


（
4
）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，继母的表扬让他发生 了很大的变化，因此可知，
孩子们是需要表扬的，故答案是
A
。


【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、正误判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可
以直接 从文中寻找答案；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判
定；主旨题需要通读全文 ，了解大意之后找出中心思想。


3
．
阅读理解


A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery
（外科手
术）
.He found the boy's father in the hall waiting worriedly.

On seeing him, the father cried out,
？
Don't you know
that my son is in danger
？
Don't you have any sense of duty
？


The doctor smiled and said,
after receiving the call and now, I wish you'd calm down so that I can do my work.


？！
What if your son was in this room right now
？
Would you calm down
？
If your
own
son
dies
while
waiting
for
a
doctor,
then
what
will
you
do
？

the
father
angrily.
The
doctor
smiled again
and replied,

will
do
our
best and
you
should
also
pray
for your
son's
healthy life.

The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happily,
！
Your
son is saved
！




？

when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.

The nurse answered, tears coming down her face,
He was at the burial
（葬礼）
when we called him for your son's surgery. And now that he saved
your son's life, he left running to finish his son's burial.

（
1
）
What did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery?

A. He asked another doctor to do his duty.

B. He went to the hospital as soon as possible.

C. He discussed the boy's state with the father.

D. He waited until his son's burial was finished.

（
2
）
The father shouted at the doctor because he thought .

A. he had waited too long B. no one cared for his son

C. the doctor was cold to him
D. the surgery took a long time

（
3
）
Who told the truth to the father in the end
？


A. The doctor.
B. The nurse.
C. His son.
D. A patient.

（
4
）
What is the best title for the text
？


A. Seeing is believing B. Time waits for no man

C. Practice makes perfect D. Think before you decide

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】

本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子， 他的父亲误解医生冷血，
做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容 待人，不
要武断。


（
1
）细节题。根据

A
doctor
entered
the
hospital
hurriedly
after
being
called
in
for
an
important
surgery
一位医生在被叫去做一个重要的手术后匆忙进入医院可知，

医生接到手
术电话后他尽快去了医院，故选
B
。


（
2
）推理题。根据
the father cried out,
父亲喊道，
“
你为什么花这么长时间来？

，可知父亲对医生大喊大叫，因为他认为他等得太久了

，故
选
A
。


（
3
）推理题。根据

The
nurse
answered,
tears
coming
down
her
face
护士泪流满面的告诉
他
......
， 可知护士最后告诉了父亲真相，故选
B
。


（
4
）主旨题。根据本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷
血，做完手术后这个父 亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待
人，不要武断，可知
Think before you decide
适合做标题，故选
D
。


【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找
出中心思想 。


4
．
阅读理解


Almost every Chinese can recite the famous poem,
work
（谁知盘中餐
,
粒粒皆辛苦）
.
these lines
：
Don't waste food.

A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away
every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.

Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Programme, there were 925
million
hungry
people
around
the
world
in
2010,
especially
in
developing
countries.6
million
children die of hunger every year.

Chinese people are well-known for being generous. Many even feel that they will lose face if
their guests have eaten all the food on the table.

Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. In November, 2011, Li
Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, became famous because she took some leftover
（剩
余的）
food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agreed that it was not right to
waste food.

What should we do in our daily lives to save food? Here are some tips
：

Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all
the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.


Don't
be
too
picky
（挑剔的）
about
food.
Some
food
may
not
taste
great,
but
your
body
needs it.

Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially vegetables and
fruit.

（
1
）
According to News One Plus One, Chinese people .

A. save enough food to feed 200 million people for a year

B. throw away lots of food every year

C. get enough food to feed millions of people every year

D. have to feed 200 million hungry people every year

（
2
）
In the third paragraph, we know that .

A. we have too much food to feed people in the world

B. there were 925 million people in developing countries

C. because of hunger, 6 million children die every year

D. there are only a few people getting hungry every year

（
3
）
From the fourth and fifth paragraphs, we can conclude
（得出结论）
that .

A. all Chinese people are generous

B. Chinese people always waste food

C. Li Hong became famous because she wasted food

D. everyone should get into the habit of saving food

（
4
）
What's the main topic of the passage?

A. Don't waste food. B. Many people die of hunger.

C. Don't be picky about food.
D. Eat all the food you order.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】主要讲了许多 人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节
约食物的方式。


（
1
）细节题。根据
A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese
people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
可知央视节目《新
闻一加一 》报道说，中国人每年扔掉的食物足以养活一年
2
亿人，即中国人每年扔掉许多
食物， 故选
B
。


（
2
）细节题。根据
there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially
in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.
可知
2010
年，全世界有
9 .25
亿饥饿人口，特别是发展中国家，每年有
600
万儿童死于饥饿。故选
C
。


（
3
）推断题。根据
Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food.
可
知人们已经意识到节约食物的重要性，所以每个人应该养成节约食 物的习惯，故选
D
。


（
4
）主旨题。根据全文 可知主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日
常生活中节约食物的方式。即不要浪费食 物，故选
A
。


【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题 和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主 旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。


5
．
阅读理解



Esperanza
lives
in
a
poor
Latino
（拉丁美洲的）

neighbourhood
in
Chicago,
America.
She
dreams of having her own house one day. Her parents told her that when they moved from their
last house, they would have a new and shiny
（亮闪闪的）
house. But the house is small and old.

Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.
A
lot
of
the
people
who
have
come
from
Mexico
don't
speak
English.
Many
miss
their
home
country. Esperanza understands their sadness, but she also feels at home in America. She is an
American, but her roots
（根）
will always be Latino.

Esperanza is young. Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. She is stuck between being a girl
and
being
a
woman.
In
the
poor
and
dangerous
area
where
she
lives,
this
is
difficult
for
her.
Mexican people usually live in a close neighbourhood. This means that people live packed
（挤塞
的）
in together. Everyone knows everyone else. So Esperanza knows other older girls that do
things she is not comfortable doing. It is just a fact of her life.


But
Esperanza
has
good
friends
too.
She
becomes
friends
with
two
sisters
named
Lucy
and
Rachel. They ride bikes and have adventures
（冒险）
together. Esperanza is also friends with a
girl
named
Alicia.
Alicia
is
afraid
of
the
rats
in
her
apartment.
She
shares
her
poems
with
Esperanza.

（
1
）
What is RIGHT about Esperanza?

A. She doesn't like what some of the older girls are doing.

B. She isn't quite used to her life in America.

C. She is an American and has a comfortable life.

D. She often lives with her friends enjoying doing things together.

（
2
）
Where does Esperanza live?

A. In a big old house in Mango Street.

B. In a small and old house in Mango Street.

C. In a new and shiny house.

D. In a small and dangerous house.

（
3
）
We can infer from the text that ______________.

A. many people who live in Mango Street are dangerous

B. Mango Street is an area where Esperanza's childhood is unforgettable

C. in Mango Street, people don't speak English

D. in Mango Street, everybody understands Esperanza s sadness

（
4
）
What does the word

A. hard to agree B. hard to believe C. hard to move D. hard to have a correct idea

（
5
）
The passage is mainly a simple introduction to ______________.

A. a person's experience

B. a person's friends

C. a place named Mango Street

D. love and sadness from Mango Street

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
C

（
5
）
A

【解析】
【分析】主要讲了
Esperanza
住在美国芝加哥一 个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又
小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。


（
1
）细节题。根据
So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable
doing.
可知
Esperanza
不喜欢其他女孩做的不舒服的事情，故 选
A
。


（
2
）细节题。根据
But the house is small and old. Many people live in Mango Street, in a big
old
house,
Esperanza
lives
behind
it
with
her
family.
可知
Esperanza
的房子是小的旧的 ，住在
Mango Street
的后面，故选
B
。


（
3
）细节题。根据
In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her
可
知住在
Mango Street
是危险和困难的，故选
A
。


（
4
）细节题。根据前句
Like her friends, she has to grow up fast.
像她的朋友一样，她不得不
快速成长，所以卡在了 女孩和妇女间，即很难移动，即
hardto move
，故选
C
。


（
5
）细节题。根据全文可知主要介绍了
Esperanza住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街
区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。即个人经历的介绍 ，故选
A
。


【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。


6
．
阅读理解


Want to enjoy some extreme sports
（极限运动）
? Here are a small number of the extreme
sport clubs across universities in the UK.

Octopush
（水中曲棍球）

Oxford,


York.
Aberdeen
and
Warwick
are
only
some
of
the
universities that offer this rather unusual sport. Anyone who is
able to swim can play. It is played by two teams of six players.
Skiing and snowboarding

Nearly every university in the UK has a skiing and snowboarding
club.
For
example,


Brumski
8.
Board
Club
of
Birmingham
University
has
run
for
30
years
and
has


about
500
members.
They
hold
Christmas
and
Easter
ski
trips
every
year
and


take

Everyone wears a mask and carries a small wooden stick.


part in competitions.

Skateboarding

Warwick


University
is
home
to
the
Longboarding
Club.
A
longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard
and has a wider wheel base. Instead of offering club T-shirts, the
Longboarding Club lets members have their personal socks.


BASE jumping

The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping. In BASE jumping,
players
jump
from


fixed
objects
and
use
a
parachute
（降落
伞）

to
break


their
fall.
They
go
on
weekly
trips
to
Skydive
Hibaldstow.


_________________.

（
1
）
If
a
student
wants
to
take
part
in
Octopush,
he
or
she
should
be
able
to
A. ski B. swim C. skate D. skydive

（
2
）
How many members are there in Brumski &. Board Club?

A. About 30.
B. About 300.
C. About 50.
D. About 500.

（
3
）
A usual skateboard is _________________than a longboard.

A. shorter B. longer C. wider D. bigger

（
4
）
Which university offers BASE jumping?

A. Oxford. B. York. C. Lincoln. D. Warwick.

（
5
）
According
to
the
passage,
which
of
the
following
is
the
most
common
sport
in
UK
universities?

A. Octopush.
B. Snowboarding.
C. Skateboarding.
D. BASE jumping.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
C

（
5
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了英国各大学的少数极限运动俱乐部。


（
1
）细节题。根据水中曲棍球的介绍
Anyone who is able to swim can play
可知如果一个学
生想参加水中曲棍球，他或她应 该会游泳，故选
B
。


（
2
）细节题。根据
Brumski 8. Board Club of Birmingham University has run for 30 years and
has
about
500
members
布鲁姆斯基
8
和伯明翰大学董事会俱乐部已经运作了
30
年，可知
大约有
50 0
名成员，故选
D
。


（
3
）推理题。根据
A longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard
长板比普
通滑板长两到三英尺

可知普通的滑板比长板短，故选
A
。


（
4
）细节题。根据

The
University
of
Lincoln
offers
BASE
jumping
可知

Lincoln
提供基础跳
跃，故选
C
。


（
5
）推理题。根据

They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take part in
competitions

他们每年都举行圣诞节和复活节滑雪旅行，并参加比赛

可知
滑雪板运动是英
国大学最常见的运动

，

故选
B
。


【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推 断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断
题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。


7
．
阅读理解



It's
10
am
on
a
school
day
morning
in
Shanghai
and
students
are
standing
in
lines
on
the
playground, doing their morning exercises. As a teacher at the front calls out,
students extend their arms, then bring them to their chests; bend their knees, then straighten up.
Many of the students seem bored.


Meanwhile,
in
a
primary
school
in
Xiangyang,
Hubei
Province,
students
are
dancing
to
pop
music. Which would you rather do?

Since
1951,
morning
calisthenics
（健身操）

have
been
a
part
of
Chinese
life.
The
school
in
Xiangyang wanted to make morning exercises more fun, so it looked to a group of people who
seemed to really enjoy exercising damas
（大妈）
! These
evening, often driving neighbours crazy with their loud music. But it is good exercise and they are
having fun. So, why shouldn't students be allowed to follow their example?


Well,
on
the
Internet,
most
posters
said
dancing
in
the
primary
school
in
Xiangyang
looked
funny. One poster said that calisthenics were old-fashioned and that
leave no room for personal freedom

Fitness is essential for young people. Too much study and too much computer time are making
many
young
Chinese
fat
and
unfit,
so
it's
important
that
they
become more
active.
And
being
active is the key, even if that means doing away with calisthenics and, instead, dancing like damas.

（
1
）
The first paragraph mainly tells us that ______________.

A. students' school life is colourful in Shanghai

B. morning exercises are helpful to students' health

C. many students feel bored about morning exercises

D. PE is important to school students

（
2
）
The underlined word

A.
反之

B.
同时

C.
总之

D.
幸运的是

（
3
）
How long have morning calisthenics been in Chinese schools?

A. For 20 years. B. For over 60 years. C. Since last year. D. Since 1951 years ago.

（
4
）
What do most people think of dancing in the primary school in Xiangyang?

A. Funny.
B. Helpful.
C. Boring.
D. Hard.

（
5
）
What is the best title for the passage?

A. After-class activities B. Colourful school life

C. A history of morning exercises D. Dancing like damas

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
A

（
5
）
D

【解析】
【分析】主要讲了学生们应该像大妈一样跳舞锻炼，而不是仅仅做健身操。


（
1
）细节题。根据
Many of
the
students
seem
bored.
可知许多学生对早晨已经厌倦了，故
选
C
。


（
2
）推断题。根据前后句可知一所学校在做早操，而另一所学校在和着流 行音乐跳舞，
所以
meanwhile
意思是同时，故选
B
。


（
3
）细节题。根据
Since 1951, morning calisthenics
（健身操）
have been a part of Chinese
life.
可知自从
1951
年，健身操已经成为中 国人生活的一部分，所以已经有
60
多年的历史
了，故选
B
。


（
4
）细节题。根据
The school in Xiangyang wanted to make morning exercises more fun, so it
looked to a group of people who seemed to really enjoy exercising damas
（大妈）
!
可知大部分
人认为跳舞是有趣的，故选
A
。


（
5
）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了学生们应该像大妈一样跳舞锻炼，而不是仅仅做健身操。故选
D
。

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