-小女神花玲

2021年1月23日发(作者：但坐观罗敷)
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1. The Light of the Twenty-first Century
1.
The
word
laser
stands
f
or
“light
amplification
by

stimulated
emission
of
radiation”.
To
many people lasers are very mysterious but a laser is simply a device that produces a very strong
light.
The
light
from
a
laser
is
called
coherent
light
because
it
is
light
that
moves
in
only
one
direction. In contrast, incoherent light, like the light from the sun or a light bulb, moves away from
its source in all directions, so its strength is very spread out. The light from a laser, moving in only
one direction and concentrated in a narrow beam, is much stronger.
2. As soon as the laser was developed, scientists began thinking of practical applications for it.
One of the earliest uses was to make extremely precise measurements of distance and speed. For
example,
the
distance
to
the
moon
was
measured
to
within
a
foot,
and
the
speed
of
light
was
measured to within a thousandth of a mile per second. As time passed, many more applications for
the laser were developed.
3. Some of the most important uses of lasers are in medicine. Lasers can be used in surgery to
open
and
close
incisions
with
no
danger
of
infection.
In
eye
operations,
a
laser
can
be
used
to
reattach a retina and to prevent excessive bleeding of tiny blood vessel in the eye. Lasers are also
important
in
the
treatment
of
cancer.
A
laser
beam
can
completely
destroy
a
cancerous
growth
without leaving behind any
dangerous cancer cells that
could start a new tumor. More recently,
lasers have been used to remove skin discolorations like freckles, age spots, and birthmarks. Some
dentists have even started using lasers for painless treatment of teeth and gums.
4. Over the past twenty years, personal computers have brought tremendous changes to the
home and the workplace, and many of the most important developments in computer technology
are
based
on
lasers.
From
laser
printers
(including
the
newest
colon
printers
to
technology
by
which whole encyclopedias of information can be stored on a laser disk (called a CD-ROM} and
read
by
a
computer,
to
optical
disks
that
have
hundreds
of
times
as
much
memory
as
regular
floppy disks, lasers are revolutionizing computers.
5.
Lasers
also
have
many
uses
in
business
and
industry
and
in
everyday
life.
In
factories,
lasers
are
used
to
cut
cloth and
harden
metals.
In
supermarkets,
a
laser
at
the
checkout
counter
reads
the
price
codes
on
packages.
Lasers
are
used
in
our
homes
in
music
CD
players
and
videodisc
players,
which
offer
much
better
audio
and
video
reproduction
than
we
get
from
audiotapes or VCRs.
6. Lasers have also made a big difference in the way telephones work. Instead of changing
sound waves to electricity that travels through copper wire, the most modern telephone technology
works by changing sound waves into pulses of laser light that travel through hair-thin glass fibers.
One such fiber can carry more than a million conversations at the same time! An added benefit is
that this technology lessens the need for copper, a scarce and valuable natural resource.
7. These are just a few of the thousands of uses for lasers. The laser is truly becoming the
light of the twenty-first century.
1. Which one of the following statements is NOT characteristic of the light from a laser?



A. It
’
s very strong.
B. It moves in only one direction.

C. It is like the light from the sun.
D. It moves in a narrow beam.
(C)
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2. The following are all applications of the laser EXECPT for
















.





A. Laser can be used to detect minerals like copper.
B. Laser can be used to do precise measurement.
C. Laser can be used in business and industry.
D. Laser can be used in computer technology.
3. Laser has been widely used in medicine mostly because






















.



A. Light from a laser has strong destructive power.
B. Light from a laser causes no infection to incisions.
C. Light from a laser moves in a narrow beam.
D. Light from a laser demands no other medical care.
4. According to the passage, which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A. Lasers have revolutionized the way telephones work.
B. Music CD players can offer better audio reproduction than audiotapes.
C. Modern telephone technology works by changing sound waves into pulses of laser light.
D. Laser beams can destroy a cancerous growth but with some problems left.
5. What is the main idea of this passage?












(A)
A. Lasers have been developed many applications in modern life.
B. Lasers can be used to cure diseases like cancer and oral cavity diseases.

C. Laser stands f
or “light amplification by
stimulated emiss
ion of radiation”
.
D. Human beings will be benefited more from lasers.
















2. Headache Away
1. When you have a headache, do you rash to your medicine cabinet or to the drugstore for a
pain reliever? If so, you’re not alone. People in the United
States spend over $$2 billion a year on
nonprescription pain relievers such as aspirin, acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Although effective,
these pain relievers are not without problems. For example, many pain relievers can have serious
side effects.
2. So, next time you have a headache, instead of rushing to the drugstore, you might want to
try one of these natural headache remedies:

3.
1. Eat something soon.
Preferably, eat something high in protein, a substance necessary
for
growth,
the
“hung
ry
headache”

caused
by
a
drop
in
the
blood-sugar
supply,
can
be
a
real
problem
for
people
not
eating
enough
at
mealtimes.
Why
protein?
Because
it
rebuilds
your
blood-sugar supply little by little. Sugary foods cause the blood sugar to go up rapidly and then
drop again just as fast.
4.
2.
Wash
it
away.

At
the
first
sign
of
headache
pain,
get
in
the
shower,
advises
Dr.
Augustus S. Rose of the UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) school of Medicine. First
take a hot shower even if the pain gets worse. This will make the blood vessels open wide. Follow
it immediately with a cold shower. Stay in until you shiver. Repeat this process if necessary. This
process works well for a migraine headache. In a migraine headache, the blood vessels of the head
first contract (get smaller), then dilate (open up) and press against the nerves. This pressure causes
pain. Cold water makes the blood vessels contract, which eases this pressure on the nerves.
5.
3. Freeze it out.
If you are miles away from the shower, Dr. Rose suggests putting crushed

(D)
(B)
(A)
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ice
in
your
mouth.
Again,
this
is
useful
for
a
migraine
headache.
However,
this
remedy
is
inappropriate for elderly or sick people.
6.
4. Think it away.
Sit down or lie down and close your eyes. Imagine that it is summer and
you are on the beach. An ocean breeze cools your face and your hands and arms grow warmer and
warmer in the hot sun. Your hands are really soaking up the sun. They become hot to the touch.
Minutes pass, and when you open your eyes, you are left with very warm
hands…and no
headache.
Thinking warmth into your hands sends blood toward them and away from the head.
7.
5. Massage it out.
Get to your head through your feet. Massaging the lower part of your
big
toe
and
the
area
under
all
your
toes
will
lessen
tension
in
the
neck.
This
tension
can
often
cause a headache.
8.
6.
Press
it
away.
Some
headaches can be cured by
a sensitive finger-pressure
massage.
The massage should be given on
sensitive “bigger” points. The
re are three pairs of points: one at
each temple, one under each shoulder blade, and a pair at the back of the neck. Press each point
for 15 to 30 seconds at a time. Remember to press both points in a pair at the same time, not just
one side.
Doing this will help the body’s nature
painkillers start working. If you are alone, press
the thumb of one hand against the
tender spot in the “V” formed by the thumb
and forefinger of
the other hand.
9. Always see a doctor for continuous or recurring head pain.
1. From the passage, we could get to know












.



A. Nonprescription pain relievers have no side effects.
B. American people spend much money on painkillers.

C. Natural headache remedies are more effective than headache medicines.
D. One can
’
t buy pain relievers in the drugstores in the USA.
2. Eating a steak can help get rid of a headache because
















.



A. Steak is high in sugar.
B. Steak is high in nutrition.
C. Steak is high in starch.
D. Steak is high in protein.
3. Which one of the following statements is NOT true to the remedy
“
wash it away
”
?

A. Only hot water should be used when this remedy is applied.
B. This remedy works well for a migraine headache.
C. This remedy is applicable at the first sight of headache pain.
D. Sometimes the process of taking showers should be repeated.
4. What is the right way to press headache away?










(C)
A. Have someone apply pressure to the side of your head that hurts the most.
B. Have someone apply pressure to the side of your head that hurts less.
C. Have someone apply pressure to sensitive spots on both sides of your head.
D. Have someone apply pressure to sensitive spots in your feet.
5. The main idea of the passage is















.









(B)
A. More and more American people take medicines to release pains.
B. There are many natural headache remedies worth trying to release pains.
C. Pain relievers are usually more effective than natural headache remedies.

(A)


(D)





(B)
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D. Massaging toes can lessen tension in the neck.

















3. Danger for the fun of it

Dennis Joyce
is
a
30-year-old
employee
of
an
electric
company
in
New
York City.
To
put
some excitement into his life, he spends many weekends and vacations white-water canoeing. He
is one of the growing number of Americans who in recent years have taken up dangerous sports to
fill their leisure hours.
People who participate in risky sports usually have several things in common. Most are men.
They don’t like others to think of them as thrill
seekers, yet they admit the dangers of their sport.
And almost all of them look down on sports like tennis and golf.
“
T
here’s
just
nothing
happening
in
sports
like

tennis
and
golf,”
said
Steve
Kaufman,
a
44-year-old Manhattan bill collector who scuba dives in his spare time. According to him, the only
people
who
come
close
to
the
experience
of
scuba
divers
are
astronauts
“because
they’re
in
a
totally
alien
environment,
too.”
Kaufman
describes
his
sport

as
“a
total
isolation
from
anything
that can
interfere with your own personal sense of self.”

Mr.
Kaufman
said
his
most
dangerous
moment
as
a
diver
came
when
he
found
himself
looking at about 800 to 900 sharks. Fortunately, he got out of there really fast.
George
Weigel,
a
31-year-old
carpenter
from
Pawling,
New
York,
enjoys
hang
gliding.
Although many risk-takers see hang gliding as the most dangerous sport of all, Weigel feels hang
gliders should not be regarded as thrill seekers. Yet he said that hang gliding “
scares the living
daylights out of me
” and that “everything else seems boring compared to it.”

Why
do
people
willingly
seek
out
danger?
According
to
Dr.
George
Serban,
associate
professor, of clinical psychiatry at New York University, most men do it to prove their masculinity.
“The
nature
of
the
male
animal
is
to
undertake

dangerous
tasks
and
to
confront
them
and
to
succeed,” Dr. Serban said. When lif
e becomes boring and routine, Serban says, and men do not
have a chance for adventure or a chance to prove their masculinity, the only other possibility for
them is to undertake dangerous activities.
The
novelty
of the sport is what attracted Susan Tripp, a 35-year-old Manhattan lawyer, to
skin-
diving.
She
likes
it
because
it
“is
not
something
many
people
do.”
That
is
also
one of
the
main
reasons
John
Wolcott,
a
49-year-old
printer
from
Edison,
New
Jersey,
likes
to
go
hot
air
ballooning. “It makes me a hero,” he said. At parties, he said, he simply introduces ballooning into
the conversation, and he becomes the center of attention for at least an hour.
1.

What is the main idea of the article?







A.

Risky sports are preferred especially by men.
B.

Risky sports funs are mostly thrill-seekers.
C.

More and more Americans have taken up risky sports to fill their leisure hours.
D.

Experts explain that risky sports funs take up risky sports to prove their masculinity.
2.

About scuba diving, which of the following statements is NOT true according to the article?

(B)



(C)
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