-光棍节英文

2021年1月23日发(作者：2019放假安排)
（英语）英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析含解析


一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解

Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they
could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts. Now, the Emoji-quake
campaign is lobbying for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set
—
the standard
group of icons available on digital devices worldwide. The campaign aims to find an earthquake-
appropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.



up
to
one
third
of
the
world's
population
are
exposed
to
earthquakes,
explains University of Southampton seismologist (
地震学家
) Dr. Stephen Hicks, a founder of the
campaign.

we
really
want
to
be
able
to
communicate
to
all
of
those
regions,
all
of
those
different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.

Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible
signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they
are still occurring. Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early
warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media.
seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself,
many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.


Pictographs
(
象形文字
)
and
other
visuals
like
emoji
have
a
track
record
of
being
faster
and
easier
to
understand
than
written
information.
Dr.
Sara
McBride,
a
communications
specialist,
who
is
also
part
of
the
campaign,
told
BBC
News,

can
cross
the
boundaries
of
written
languages,
helping
communicate
valuable
information
to
people
who
may
struggle
to
read
a
certain language.


The
potential
usefulness
of
emoji
in
emergencies
could
extend
well
beyond
earthquakes.
A
team
of
designers
also
came
up
with
emerji
—
an
entire
set
of
emoji
dedicated
to
climate
and
environmental events.

（
1
）
According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target?

A. Because earthquakes threaten many people in different regions.
B. Because earthquakes
are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.

C. Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring.
D. Because earthquakes
are the most destructive disasters in the world.

（
2
）
Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
phrase

for
in
the
first
paragraph
？


A. Hope for.
B. Enter for.
C. Appeal for.
D. Run for.

（
3
）
What can we infer from Dr. Sara McBride's words about emoji?

A. Emoji
benefits
people
with
reading
disability
a
lot.
B. Emoji
is
being
used
to
convey
valuable information.

C. Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages.
D. Emoji is a universal language and
helpful tool in communication.

（
4
）
The best title of the passage should be ___________________.

A. Could an emoji save our life? B. What can emoji do in our life?

C. How is emoji changing our life? D. Do we really know about emoji?

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动 。该
运动的创始人对此做出解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救
生 命。

（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication
in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”
以及第三段
中的
“earthquakes
move
incredibly
quickly
and
are
di
fficult
to
measure
while
they
are
still
occurring ”
可推断出这是因为这地震来的快，让人无法反应，在许多地方威胁至许多多人的
生命，故选< br>A
。

（
2
）考查词义猜测。这次运动想以地震为目标。第二 段和第三段中的地震博士
Dr. Hicks
对
此作出解释，目的就是呼吁大家赞同这 个观点。可知选
C
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“we
really
want
to
be
able
to
communicate
to
all
of
those regions, all of
those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”
及
第三段
“That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the
warning
message.”
可推断出表情 符号是一种通用语言，当灾难来临时不需要多说，表情就
可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分 析选项可知
D
项符合题意，因此选
D
。

（
4）考查主旨大意。第一段说表情符号可能不是你在灾难中沟通的第一选择，但研究人员
认为还是会有 作用的。接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情为目标的运动。下面的地震博
士
Dr.
Hicks
为此作了很多的解释，想让人们相信表情能挽救生命。
Could
an
emoji
save
our
life?“
一个 表情能拯救我们的生命吗？
”
）符合题意，故选
A
。

【点 评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅
读，要求考生根据上 下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答
案。


2
．
Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just
read.

The recession (
衰退
) of 2008-09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the following
recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new research from the
OECD, a think-tank of mainly rich countries, shows in its annual Employment Outlook.

Young people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid of
new recruits because they are easier to dismiss. But in previous episodes, such as the recessions
of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During
the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.

The researchers focus on movements in
in
three
age
groups
between
the
final
quarters
of
2007
and
2012.
This
measure
has
the
advantage
of
including
not
just
unemployment,
where
people
are
looking
for
work,
but
also
inactivity, where people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non-employment rate in the
OECD
has
risen
by
four
percentage
points
among
young
people
and
by
one-and-a-half
points
among 25-to 54-year-olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55-64 age group.

Why have older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit
from job protection not afforded to younger workers, but that did not really help them in past
recessions.
What
has
changed,
says
Stefano
Scarpetta,
head
of
the
OECD's
employment
directorate, is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff. In the past, early-
retirement policies provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young
people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped.

Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is
wrongheaded. First, it is a fallacy that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another; there
is no fixed amount of work. And second, as the report shows, young and old people are by and
large
not
substitutes
in
the
workplace.
They
do
different
types
of
work
in
different
types
of
occupation:
younger
people
are
keen
on
IT
firms,
for
example,
whereas
older
folk
tend
to
be
employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of things that should be done to help
the young jobless, but kicking older workers out of the workplace is not one of them.

（
1
）
By saying

A. young employees were protected by the government

B. young employees suffered moderately in labour market

C. old employees suffered very little in the labour market

D. The recession had little impact on labour market

（
2
）
What do we know about

A. They proved to be little use and nearly no longer in effect.

B. They have effectively helped young employees.

C. They financially supported the elderly people.

D. They have gain popularity in southern European countries.

（
3
）
The word

A. common belief B. wrong concept C. acceptable assumption D. wise statement

（
4
）
Which of the following might the author agree with?

A. Early-retirement policies should have been well adoptedby governments.

B. Young people should be encouraged into traditional industries.

C. Supportive policies should be made to help elderly people when crisis occurs.

D. Old people's remaining in jobs doesn't necessarily threaten young people's jobs.

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说 明文，介绍了研究显示
2008
年金融危机期间以及此后，老
员工的表现都优于其他年 龄段的人，很多人会认为，老员工做得更好是以牺牲年轻员工为
代价的，事实上这种观点是错误的。

（
1
）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的

1970s,
1980s
and
1990s,
older
workers
were
also
kicked
off.
This
time
is
different.
During
the
financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.
可知，在上世纪
7 0
年代、
80
年代和
90
年代的经济衰退中，老员工也被解雇了，但 这次不一样了，
2008
年
金融危机期间以及此后，他们的表现都优于其他年龄段的人 ，可知，作者所说的

劳动力市
场也违反了规则

的意思是老员工在劳动 力市场上受的影响很小（没有被解雇），故选
C
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的

the
past,
early-retirement
policies
provided
by
governments
(in
the
mistaken
belief
that
these
would
help
young
people)
made
it
cheaper
to
push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stoppe d
可知，过去，政府的提前
退休政策（错误地认为这些政策有助于年轻人）使得把老员工赶出家 门的成本更低，现在
这些政策已经基本上停止了，由此可知，事实证明，提前退休政策的用处不大，而且 几乎
不再有效了，故选
A
。


（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的

at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded.
可知，很多人会认为，老员工做得更
好是以牺牲年轻员工为代价的。这种观点是错误的，此处解释为什 么这种观点是错误的，
说的是认为一个人得到的工作就是另一个人失去的工作本身就是一种谬论，由此可 知画线
词词义为

错误的观念

，故选
B
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的

and
old
people
are
by
and
large
not
substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation
可
知，在工作场所，年轻人和 老年人基本上不是替换关系，他们在不同的行业做不同的工
作，由此可知，作者会同意老年人留在工作岗 位上不一定会威胁到年轻人的工作，故选
D
。


【点评本题考点涉 及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和句义猜测四个题型的考查，是一篇
社会类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细 节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，从而选出正确答案。


3
．
阅读理解


I work as the reception manager at my hotel.

A booking came in a few weeks ago with a note attached that a guest would be travelling with
her deaf father. This note helped us in preparing for their arrival. As they would be here for a
number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.

Upon seeing this note and knowing I would be the one to check them in, I decided to learn
some very basic sign language. I greeted the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on
the booking. Once I heard the name
，
I immediately realized who was standing in front of me.


I
had
been
learning
for
two
weeks
how
to
say:

to
Ireland.
My
sign
language
is
terrible, but please, if you need anything during your stay, just let me know and we will help you.

I smiled at the father and daughter in front of me. Turning to the father, I greeted him in ASL
(American
Sign
Language)
and
began
the
bit
I
had
learned
for
him.
His
daughter
broke
down
crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy. Honestly, seeing his
reaction was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.

Sadly, I wasn't working the day they checked out, but they left a gift for me, a small box with
some chocolates and a book on ASL. Inside was a note saying:
you did. My father has been in amazing spirits from the time you checked us in and insisted we
get you a gift before we left. You have no idea how much this meant to my father and me, and we
can't thank you enough. You've made his trip very special with one simple gesture.

I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the next day and found this gift in my
locker.

（
1
）
The daughter left a note when booking the hotel in order to __________.

for special service for herself

some useful advice to the hotel

s gratitude to the hotel manager

her father's trip more comfortable

（
2
）
The daughter cried when they checked in because __________.

author's sign language was really terrible

father was unwilling to live in that hotel

appreciated what the author had done for her father

author wouldn't be working when they checked out

（
3
）
Seeing the father's reaction during check-in the author probably felt __________.

ul

ied

ointed

ful

（
4
）
From this passage, we can know that __________.

author made the daughter's check-out smooth

author was deeply moved by an unexpected gift

daughter cried for five minutes before they left

daughter asked the author to learn sign language

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游，帮助 他们
登记的故事，因为那位父亲是个聋哑人，执着专门学了手势语

欢迎来爱尔兰

，结果那位
父亲对于作者的接待很满意，走得时候还送给作者礼物，并给经理写信，希望给作 者加
薪。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“As
they
would
be
here
for
a
number
of
days,
his
daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.”由于他们要在这里呆几天，
他的女儿想让他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。可知，女儿在预订旅馆时留下 了一张便条，以
便让父亲的旅行更舒适。故选
D
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的
“His
daughter
broke
down
crying
and
told
me
I
was
sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy.”
可知当他们登记入住时，女儿哭了， 女儿
情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她，这让她的爸爸很开心。故选
C
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的
“Honestly, seeing his reactio
n was enough for me. It was
absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.”
老实说，看到他的反应就足够了。
最后几周的ASL
基础学习绝对值得。可知，看到这位爸爸很开心，作者感到了他的付出是
很值得的； 因此看到父亲在入住时的反应，作者可能感到很满足。故选
B
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段
“I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the
nex
t day and found this gift in my locker. ”
第二天上班时，我在储物柜里发现了这件礼物，哭
了整整五分钟。可知，作者受到这份特殊的 礼物后很感动，故选
B
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理 判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从 而选出正确答案。


4
．
阅读理解


Eleven-year-old Ruby Kate Chitsey loves asking the question
what would you want?
make the residents who live in the nursing home realize their dreams.

Last May, Ruby Kate noticed a resident named Pearl staring out a window. She seemed sad.

because she couldn't afford to raise it. Ruby Kate and her mother, Amanda, asked around and
discovered that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries. So
Ruby Kate decided to do something about it.


She
started
by
asking
residents
what
three
things
they
wanted
most
in
the
world.
Amanda
worried
that
people
would
ask
for
cars
and
other
things
an
11-year- old
wouldn't
be
able
to
provide. Instead, they asked for chocolate bars, McDonald fries, pants that ft properly and even
just prayer. Using heir own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three
months. Then they started asking for donations.


The
good
people
of
Harrison
responded
enthusiastically,
so
much
so
hat
Amanda
set
up
a
GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents, hoping to collect %5,000. They hit their goal
in a month. After GoFundMe named Ruby Kate a Kid Hero and promoted her story internationally
this
past
January,
Three
Wishes
raised
$$20,000
in
24
hours
and
more
than
$$250,000
in
five
months.

Earlier this year, Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents became a nonprofit and launched its first
nationwide chapters. Ruby Kate doesn't plan to stop there.
she says,

（
1
）
What inspired Ruby Kate to help residents at nursing homes?

's sadness for missing her dog.

kindness of residents at nursing homes.

nursing home residents' lack of luxuries.

experience of working in a nursing home.

（
2
）
What can we learn from the passage?

Wishes has set up its worldwide branches.

Chitseys helped satisfy the residents' wishes.

nursing home introduced Ruby's story around the world.

Chitseys are wealthy enough to afford all residents' wishes.

（
3
）
What do the numbers listed in Paragraph 4 indicate?

were supportive.

Kate was generous.

g money was quite easy.

programme was profitable.

（
4
）
Which of the following can best describe Ruby Kate?

and enthusiastic.

ve and imaginative.

-hearted and selfless.

ous and modest.

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记 叙文，讲述了鲁比
•
凯特帮助养老院的居民实现他们的愿
望，得到了许多同样好心的人 的支持的故事。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据二段中的
“Amanda, asked around and discovered that many nursing
home
residents
are
unable
to
afford
even
the
smallest
luxuries.
So
Ruby
Kate
decided
to
do
something
about
it.”
可知阿曼达四处打听，发现许多 养老院的居民连最小的奢侈品都买不
起，于是露比
•
凯特决定做点什么。即许多疗养院 居民缺乏奢侈品激发了鲁比
•
凯特帮助疗
养院的居民。故选
C
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Using heir own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes
of about 100 people in three months.”
用他们自己 的钱，奇西夫妇在三个月内答应了大约
100
人的愿望。可知奇西夫妇帮助满足了居民的愿望。 故选
B
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“After
Go
FundMe
named
Ruby
Kate
a
Kid
Hero
and
promoted her story internationally this past January, Three Wishes raised
﹩
20,000 in 24 hours
and more than
﹩
250,000 in five months.”
可知在
G oFundMe
将鲁比
•
凯特命名为
“
儿童英雄
“
之
后，今年
1
月，她在国际上推广了她的故事，三个愿望在
24
小时 内筹集了
20000
美元，
在五个月内筹集了超过
250000
美元 。从这些数据可以看出人们都很支持。故选
A
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段
“‘I
consider
kindness
to
be
my
hobby,’
she
says,
‘and
I'm
very
good
at
it.’”
可知我把善良当成我的爱好，她说，而且我很在 行。由此判断出鲁比
•
凯特
是热心且无私的。故选
C
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


5
．
阅读理解



Several
years
ago,
I
began
asking
my
friends
and
family
to
tell
me
something
about
their
passwords. Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our
memory
and
the
endless
demand
to
update
them.
I
hate
them
too.
But
there
is
more
to
passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember
them, they take on secret lives.

There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to
constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45-year-old woman whose password
is the name of the baby she lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess).

Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used
that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one (
password is incorrect

Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandberg's book Lean
in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role
model and began using
for the year (2019) of the password's creation.
computer
scientist
who
loves
wordplay.
It
stood
for

next
sentence
is
true.
The
previous
sentence is false

The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her father's childhood
home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout
was
a
small
boy,
he
had
to
sing
his
home
address
(4622
South
28
th

West
Avenue)
in
one
full
breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter (
口吃
) would embarrass him.

（
1
）
Why did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his password?

rebuild his reputation.

remind him to act legally.

fight against his poor memory.

hide the unpleasant experience.

（
2
）
What did Cortni Kerr think of Sheryl Sandberg's book?

ul.

sting.

ve.

ing.

（
3
）
What might be the best title for the text?

reasons why people hate passwords.

unusual passwords.

secret lives of passwords.

best ways to make your passwords unique.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说 明文，介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密码也
包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“There was a former prisoner whose password includes
what used to be his prison ID number to
constantly tell him not to go back.”
可知这名坐过牢的

-光棍节英文

-光棍节英文

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-光棍节英文

-光棍节英文

-光棍节英文

-光棍节英文

-光棍节英文