高中英语阅读理解题12篇及答案
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2021年01月23日 09:02
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阅读理解专项练习一：
1
When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back
to
grandma's generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress
code
will be Sunday best.
But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware (
粗
陶
) and stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts
and
guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain,
it
spells economic hard times.
Last
week
Royal
Doulton
,
the
largest
employer
in
Stoke-on-Trent,
announced
that
it
is
eliminating
1,000 jobs -- one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4, 000 the number
of
positions
lost
in
18
months
in
the
pottery
(
陶瓷
)
region.
Wedgwood
and
other
pottery
factories
made cuts earlier.
Although
a
strong
pound
and
weak
markets
in
Asia
play
a
role
in
the
downsizing,
the
layoffs
in
Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted
that the
company
eat together
less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they
eat in
front of television.
Even
dinner
parties,
if
they
happen
at
all,
have
gone
casual.
In
a
time
of
long
work
hours
and
demanding
family
schedules,
busy
hosts
insist,
rightly,
that
it's
better
to
share
a
takeout
pizza
on paper plates in the family room than to wait
for the
perfect moment or a
dinner
party.
Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine- patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish
the
silver? Who has time?
Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (
礼节
) that
children
might
once
have
learned
at
the
table
by
observation
or
instruction
from
parents
and
grandparents
(
where.
Some
companies
now
offer
etiquette
seminars
for
employees
who
may
be
able
professionally
but inexperienced socially.
72. Why do people tend to follow the trend to casual dining?
A. Family members need more time to relax.
B. Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.
C. People prefer to live a comfortable life.
D. Young people won't follow the etiquette of the older generation.
73. It can be learned from the passage that 'Royal Doulton is .
A. a seller of stainless steel tableware B. a dealer in stoneware
C. a pottery chain store
D. a producer of fine China
74. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is .
A. the increased value of the pound B. the worsening economy in Asia
C.
the change
in people's
way
of life
D.
the
fierce competition at home and abroad
75.
Formal
table
manners,
though
less
popular
than
before
in
current
Social
life, .
A.
are still a must on certain occasions
B. are certain to return sooner or later
C. are still being taught by parents at home
D. can help improve personal relationships
2
When Johnny Cash sings, people listen. His big, deep voice rumbles out of radios and
juke-
boxes
across
North
America.
His
records
sell
by
the
million.
Country-music
fans
everywhere,
know
his big hits. They love songs like
Johnny Cash sings about a hundred concerts a year. People like what they hear--and
what
they
see,
too.
Rugged
and
big-shouldered,
the
singer
stands
six-two
without
his
black
boots
on.
He's
a
two-hundred-pound
package
of
muscle
and
talent.
And
that
scar(
疤痕
)on
his
cheek?
It's
a bullet(
子弹
)hole, of course!
In the minds of
most people, Johnny Cash is
violent)
Guy
addict
(
上瘾者
)who
was
once
put
in
prison.
His
grandmother
was
an
Indian.
To
keep
from
starving
he once had to live on wild rabbits killed from forty feet away with a knife. Some people
say he
even killed a man.
In fact, most of the Johnny Cash story is just that--a story. True, years ago he had
a
habit
Some-
times
he'd
go
wild
and
get
locked
up
for
a
few
hours
.
But
he
never
served
a
prison
sentence.
There's no Indian blood in his veins. He's been a killer only in song. As for the
hole
it's an old scar left by a doctor who opened a cyst(
囊肿
).
People who know Johnny Cash well say he's a
but
a
guy
How
did
the
stories
get
started?
Some
of
them,
like
the
story
about
the
grandmother
he
made
up
long
ago
to
add
excitement
to
his
career.
Others
,
like
the
hole
just want to believe it,
56. Johnny Cash is a favorite of many .
A. opera lovers
B. country music fans
C. hard-rock fans D. jazz music lovers
57. In truth, Johnny Cash .
A. invented the
B. used to kill rabbits for a living
C. had a bullet hole on his cheek
D. served a long prison sentence
58. In his private life, Johnny Cash is, .
A. much wilder than he looks
B. much smaller than he is on stage
C. much tougher than he is in public
D. much more gentle than most people suppose
59. The passage shows us that many people believe .
A. only what they see
B. what they are sure is true
C. only what they hear D. what they find interesting
B
3
Do dogs understand us?
Be careful what you say around your dog. It might understand more than you think.
A border collie named Rico recognizes the names of about 200 objects, say researchers in
Germany. The dog also appears to be able to learn new words as easily as a 3-year-old child.
Its word-learning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee(
黑猩猩
).
In one experiment, the researchers took all 200 items that Rico is supposed to know and
divided them into 20 groups of 10 objects. Then the owner told the dog to go and fetch one of
the items and bring it back. In four tests, Rico got 37 out of 40 commands right. As the dog
couldn't see anyone to get clues, the scientists believe Rico must understand the meanings of
certain words.
In another experiment, the scientists took one toy that Rico had never seen before and
put it in a room with seven toys whose names the dog already knew. The owner then told Rico to
fetch the object, using a word the dog had never heard before.
The
correct
object
was
chosen
in
seven
out
of
l0
tests,
suggesting
that
the
dog
had
worked
out the answer by process of elimination(
排除法
). A month later, Rico remembered half of the
new names, which is even more impressive.
Rico is thought to be smarter than the average dog. For one thing, Rico is a border
collie, a breed (
品种
)known for its mental abilities. In addition, the 9-year-old dog has been
trained to fetch toys by their names since the age of nine months.
It's hard to know if all dogs understand at least some of the words we say. Even if
they
do,
they
can't
talk
back.
Still,
it
wouldn't
hurt
to
sweet-talk
your
dog
every
now
and
then.
You might just get a big, wet kiss in return!
60. From paragraph 2 we know that __ .
A. animals are as clever as human beings
B. dogs are smarter than parrots and chimpanzees
C. chimpanzees have very good word-learning skills
D. dogs have similar 'learning abilities as 3-year-old children
61. Both experiments show that .
A. Rico is smart enough to get all commands right
B. Rico can recognize different things including toys
C. Rico has developed the ability of learning mathematics
D. Rico won't forget the names of objects once recognizing them
62. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The purpose of the experiments is to show the border collie's mental abilities.
B. Rico has a better memory partly because of its proper early training.
C. The border collie is world-famous for recognizing objects.
D. Rico is born to understand its owner's commands.
63. What does the writer want to tell us?
A. To train your dog. B. To talk to your dog.
C. To be friendly to your dog.
D. To be careful with your dog.
4
Paynes Prairie
(used)
Have
you
ever
heard
of
Paynes
Prairie?
It
is
one
of
the
most
important
natural
and
historical
areas in Florida. Paynes Prairie is located near Gainesville. It is large, 21 000 acres. This
protected land is called a preserve. The Florida Park Service manage the preserve.
The Paynes Prairie basin was formed when limestone dissolved and the ground settled. It
is
covered
by
marsh(
沼泽
)and
wet
prairie
vegetation.
There
are
areas
of
open
water.
During
brief
periods it has flooded enough to be considered a lake. Except for that, the basin has changed
little through time.
Man has lived on Paynes Prairie a very long time. He lived there as far back as 10000 B.
C. At one time, the Seminoles lived there. The prairie is thought to have been named after King
Payne,
a
Seminole
chief.
During
the
late
1600s,
the
largest
cattle
ranch
in
Florida
was
on
Paynes
Prairie. Today, Paynes Prairie is preserved land . It is occupied by visitors and Florida Park
Service employees.
Willam
Bartram
visited
Paynes
Praire.
Bartram
was
the
first
person
who
portrayed
(described)nature through personal experience as well as scientific observation. He lived 200
years ago. He visited Paynes Prairie in 1774. At that time he described it. He called Paynes
Prairie the
Most
of
the
animal
life,
which
Bartram
described,
is
still
here.
A
large
number
of
sandhill
cranes,
hawks
and
waterfowl
are
here
in
winter.
The
animal
diversity
is
increased
by
the
presence
of pine flatwoods, hammock, swamps and ponds.
The
Paynes
Prairie
Preserve
State
Park
is
open
year
round.
The
Florida
Park
Service
works
hard
so
that
the
park
will
appear
as
it
did
in
the
past.
It
offers
many
opportunities
for
recreation.
At the park you can camp and picnic. You can hike and bike. You can boat and fish. You can ride
on horse trails. And you can see lots of nature and wildlife. You can see Florida as it was in
the early days.
Paynes Prairie is a part of our Florida history. It is an example of our Florida natural
resources. It is a place for recreation. Paynes Prairie is an important experience of the Real
Florida.
64. How was the Paynes Prairie basin formed?
A. By the Seminole Indians.
B. By the Florida Park Service.
C. From dissolved limestone and the ground settling.
D. From lots of flooding and wet prairie vegetation.
65. The underlined word
.
”
A. variety
B. society C. population D. area
66. All of the following are true EXCEPT that __ .
A. Paynes Prairie has changed little through time
B. Paynes Prairie is covered by wet prairie grasses
C. there used to be a big cattle farm on Paynes Prairie
D. William Bartram was the first person~ to visit Paynes Prairie
67. The purpose of the passage is to .
A. call on people to protect widlife
B. attract people to this preserved park
C. show you the formation of Paynes Prairie
D. introduce the recorded history of Paynes Prairie
5
NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad
experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and
emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help
people
forget
bad
memories.
The
pill
is
designed
to
be
taken
immediately
after
a
frightening
experience. They hope it might reduce ,or possibly erase(
抹去
),the effect of painful
memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops
the
body
releasing
chemicals
that
fix
memories
in
the
brain.
So
far
the
research
has
suggested
that
only
the
emotional
effects
of
memories
may
be
reduced,
not
that
the
memories
are
erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, While
others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling
memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
to
have
them
in
a
daydream
or
nightmare.
They
usually
come
with
very
painful
emotions,
said
Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.
lot of that suffering.
But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous
because memories give us our identity (
特质
). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of
the past.
make us who we are. I'm not sure we want to wipe those memories out,
a medical ethicist.
68. The passage is mainly about .
A. a new medical invention
B. a new research on the pill
C. a way of erasing painful memories
D. an argument about the research on the pill
69. The drug tested on people can .
A. cause the brain to fix memories
B. stop people remembering bad experiences
C. prevent body producing certain chemicals
D. Wipe out the emotional effects of memories
70. We can infer from the passage that .
A. people doubt the effects of the pills
B. the pill will stop people's bad experiences
C. taking the pill will do harm to people's health
D. the pill has probably been produced in America
71. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?
A. Some memories can ruin people's lives.
B. People want to get rid of bad memories.
C. Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.
D. The pill will reduce people's sufferings from bad memories.
6
What's your dream vacation? Watching wildlife in Kenya? Boating down the Amazon?
Sunbathing in Malaysia? New chances are opening up all the time to explore the world. So
we visit travel agents, compare packages and prices ,and pay our money.
We know what our vacation costs us. But do we know what it might cost someone else?
It's
true
that
many
poorer
countries
now
depend
on
tourism
for
foreign
income.
Unfortunately,
though, tourism often harms the local people more than it helps them.
It might cost their homes and lands. In Myanmar, 5,200 people were forced to leave
their homes among the pagodas(
佛塔
)in Bagan so that tourists could visit the pagodas.
Tourism might also cost the local people their livelihood and dignity. Local workers
often find only menial(
卑微的
)jobs in the tourist industry. And most of the profits do not
help
the
local
economy.
Instead,
profits
return
to
the
tour
operators
in
wealthier
countries,
When the Maasai people in Tanzania were driven from their lands, some moved to city slums.
Others now make a little money selling souvenirs or posing for photos.
Problems
like
these
were
Observed
more
that
20
years
ago.
But
now
some
non-government
organizations,
tour
operators
and
local
governments
are
working
together
to
begin
correcting
them. Tourists, too, are putting on the pressure.
The
result
is
responsible
tourism,
or
“ethical
tourism.”
Ethical
tourism
has
people
at
its
heart.
New
international
agreements
and
codes
of
conduct
can
help
protect
the
people's
lands, homes, economies and cultures. The beginnings are small, though, and the problems
are complex.
But
take heart
. The good news is that everyone, including us, can play a part to help
the local people in the places we visit. Tour operators and companies can help by making
sure that local people work in good conditions and earn reasonable wages.
They
can
make
it
a
point
to
use
only
locally
owned
hotel,
restaurants
and
guide
services.
They
can
share
profits
fairly
to
help
the
local
economy.
And
they
can
involve
the
local
people
in planning and managing tourism.
What can tourists do? First, we can ask tour companies to provide information about