-夸夸我的妈妈

2021年1月23日发(作者：真正的爱情)
高中英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题
(
含答案
)

一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解


Come
to
the
AG
Society's
expedition
(
探险
)
program
and
you
will
surely
get
unique
experiences!

SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA

11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE

Dairen Jew and his team are your hosts for an
The AG Society is partnering with APT to present
unforgettable
AG
Society
adventure,
filled
an exciting voyage along the Kimberley coastline
with
in-water
meetings
with
humpback
from
Broome
to
Darwin.
Expedition
cruising
whales
(
座头鲸
)
in
the
Kingdom
of
Tonga's
offers the easiest way to explore the Kimberley.
group of islands.

WHO: Darren Jew's Whales Underwater

DATES: 26 September-4 October 2018

COST: $$ 5,450 per person

BOOKINGS:
Call
,
Guests
on
this
11-day
voyage
will
go
ashore,
explore
natural
wonders,
meet
traditional
owners, see rock art and spot wildlife.

WHO: APT

email
DATES: 6-16 September 2018

BOOKINGS: Visit

reservations @ or visit
COST: $$ 13,395 per person



LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG

AG DKVIL ARK FXPEDITION

The AG Society offers you a chance to hunt for
Come and join Tim Faulkner for a unique hands-
fossils (
化石
). Guided by experts, you'll go to
on
experience
with
this
Tasmanian
devil
(
袋獾
)
special
locations,
seeking
new
fossils
for
the
feeding program in the beautiful Barrington Tops
collections of the Australian Opal Centre. Your
of
NSW.
You'll
get
to
see
devils
up
close
as
you
discoveries
will
further
establish
these
assist
with
feeding
individuals.
In
addition
to
museum collections as a world-class scientific
working
with
the
animals,
there'll
be
and cultural resource. There are also a series
opportunities
to
explore
the
area's
natural
of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur
treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your
hunting and new dinosaurs.

chance
to
get
involved
in
this
important
WHO: Australian Opal Centre

conservation effort.

DATES: 20-25 August 2018

WHO: Devil Ark

COST:
$$
2,200
per
person,
including
all
DATES: 24-26 November 2018

activities and lunches and dinners

COST: $$ 1,750 per person

BOOKINGS:
Call
,
email
dig
@
BOOKINGS:
Call
,
email
info@

or
visit
australian
. au or visit . au

opalcentre. com

（
1
）
If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG, you can ________.

A. go to seek new fossils individually
B. learn something about mining history

C. collect the world-class scientific fossils
D. become an expert and go to special locations

（
2
）
What can you do if you take part in AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION?

A. Help protect wildlife.
B. Learn about dinosaurs.

C. Watch humpback whales. D. Enjoy an exciting voyage.

（
3
）
Which program will you choose if you want to enjoy rock art?

A. AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION.
B. LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG.

C. 11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE. D. SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了
AG
协会的四个远征 计划的具体信息。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据
If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG
部分中的
“There are also a
series of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur hunting and new dinosau rs.”
可知，有一系
列关于采矿史、化石、恐龙狩猎和新恐龙的讲座。故选
B
。

(2)
考查细节理解。根据第四个小框
“AG
DEVIL
ARK
EXPEDITION
中的
there'll
be
opportunities
to
explore
the
area's
natural
treasures
and
spot
local
wildlife.
Don't
miss
your
chance
to
get
involved
in
this
important
conservation
effort.”
可知，有机会探索该地区的自然宝藏和 当地野
生动物，还会有参与这项重要的保护野生动植物的机会。故选
A
。

(3)
考查细节理解。根据
11-DAY
KIMBERLEY
COAST
CRUISE
部分中的
“Guests
on
this
11
-day
voyage will go ashore, explore natural wonders, meet traditional owners, see rock art and spot
wildlife.”
可知，如果你想欣赏摇滚艺术的话，就选
11-DAY
KIMBERLEY
COAST
CRUISE
。故选
C
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解 题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节
信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。



2
．
阅读理解


Dear ,

I'm Bob Watson, one of the customers in your grocery store. I'm writing to express my idea
about your goods.

Your Supermart is outstanding in many ways. First I enjoy the selection of produce and fresh
bakery
items.
Second
your
low
prices
and
excellent
customer
service
keep
me
coming
back
to
Supermart.
I
have
found,
however,
that
I
must
make
a
separate
shopping
trip
to
one
of
your
competitors because there are many items your store does not carry. This becomes inconvenient
for
me,
as
my
time
is
valuable,
and
I
don't
like
to
make
two
trips.
I
have
been
a
long
time
Supermart shopper and hope to continue for many years. If I could find all the items I need in one
place, I would be a more satisfied customer.


Specifically,
I
have
never been able
to
purchase
nacho
cheese
soup
at your
store.
I
can
find
other
flavors
(
味道
)
of
soup,
but
your
store
does
not
carry
nacho
cheese
soup,
a
common
ingredient (
原料
) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only find large wonton wrappers, while
many
other
stores
carry
both
large
and
small
and
offer
a
more
varied
selection
for
their
customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili Seasoning. Though it is not a leading brand, it
is still common on the shelves of other grocery stores in this area and is superior in flavor to its
competitors.

I sincerely hope to continue a relationship with your store, and I hope that you will consider
the possibility of expanding your goods to be more competitive.

Yours truly,

Bob Watson

（
1
）
From the letter, we can learn that the author is ________.

A.a very picky reporter

B.a regular customer of the store

C.a responsible nutritionist

D.a competitor of the store

（
2
）
How does the author present his point in Paragraph 2?

comparing two different stores.

analyzing the figures.

providing scientific findings.

giving examples.

（
3
）
According to Bob, the grocery store ________.

good customer service

outstanding in every way

all his needs

convenient transportation

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一封书信。杂货店的常客
Bob
Watson
写信表达了对杂货店里的产
品的看法。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“

Second
your low
prices
and
excellent
customer
service
keep
me
coming
back
to
Supermarket”
你们的低价和优质的顾客服务使我经常光顾你
们的超市。从信中我们可以了解到作者是该店的常 客。故选
B
。


（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Specifically, I have never been able to purchase nacho
cheese soup at your store. I can find other flavors (
味道
) of soup, but your store does not carry
nacho cheese soup, a common ingredient (
原料
) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only
find large wonton wrappers, while many other stores carry both large and small and offer a more
varied selection for their customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili S easoning.”
具体来
说，我从来没能在你们店里买到纳乔奶酪汤。我可以找到其他口味 的汤，但你们店里没有
纳乔奶酪汤，我的很多食谱里都有纳乔奶酪汤。此外，我只能找到大馄饨皮，而许 多其他
的商店有大的和小的，并为他们的客户提供更多样化的选择。另一个例子是
Regent
牌辣椒
调料。可知，作者在第二段中通过举例子来陈述他的观点。故选
D
。< br>

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中
“Your
Supermarket
is
outstanding
in
many
ways.
First
I
enjoy
the
selection
of
produce
and
fresh
bakery
items.
Second
your
low
prices
and
excellent
customer service keep me coming back to Superm arket.”
你们的超市在很多方面都很出色。首
先，我喜欢选择农产品和新鲜的烘焙食品。 其次，你们低廉的价格和优质的客户服务让我
经常光顾超市。可知，据鲍勃说，这家杂货店提供良好的顾 客服务。故选
A
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两 个题型的考查，是一封信件，考生需要准确
捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答 案。


3
．
阅读理解

China will green light Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a
broader
push
to
promote
Internet
Plus Healthcare,
those
at
a
State
Council executive
meeting
chaired by Premier Li Keqiang decided.


Medical
institutions
will
be
allowed
to
provide
online
diagnostic
services
for
some
common
and chronic diseases in patients' follow-up visits to their doctors. The top levels of hospitals will
be encouraged
to
provide
online
services,
including
consultations
(
会诊
),
reservations
and
test
result inquiries.


As
China
joins
the
ranks
of
middle-income
countries,
the
demand
for
health
services
has
increased accordingly. Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and
expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.

One decision coming out of the meeting says the intelligent review for health insurance will be
applied and the one-stop settlement will be advanced. The real-time sharing of prescription and
drug retail sales will be explored, as well.


“We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures once the decisions made.” Li said.
“In recent years, top
-level hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of
patents. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and high-end medical resources
sill fa
ll short of meeting the growing demand of the public.”


To
solve
the
problem,
a
two-pronged
(
双管齐下的
)
approach
must
be
taken.
One
is
to
establish
medical
partnerships
to
strengthen
cooperation
between
major
hospitals
and
community clinics. The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote the sharing
of quality medical resources.


The
government
will
see
to
it
that
long- distance
healthcare
services
cover
all
county-level
hospitals.
So
more
efforts
will
be
made
to
ensure
that
high-speed
broadband
network
will
be
extended
to
cover
medical
institutions
in
urban
and
rural
areas.
Dedicated
internet
access
services will be set up to meet the needs for long-distance healthcare services.

（
1
）
According to the text, which of the following services wont a patient enjoy online?

A. Receiving a medical operation. B. Asking doctors for advice after the test.

C. Several doctors discussion about the disease.
D. Making an appointment with a doctor in
advance.

（
2
）
Why is the demand for health services increasing in China?

A. The expense of medical care. B. The recognition of health insurance.

C. The improvement of people's life quality.
D. The inconvenience of hospital equipment.

（
3
）
What does Li mean by saying “We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures”?

A. The bills are impossible to afford. B. The situations are urgent to improve.

C. The measures are perfectly worked out,
D. The hospitals are unwilling to admit patients.

（
4
）
What can be the suitable title for the text?

A. Modern Hospitals. B. Online Healthcare on its Way,

C. No More Burden for General People.
D. Wide Applications of Internet Service.

【答案】
（
1
）
A

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报 道。文章主要是关于中国政府计划开展绿色互联网医疗
服务的详细内容报道。

（
1
）细节理解题。根据第二段
“The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide
online
services, including consultations (
会诊
), reservations and test result inquiri es.”
可知，高级医院
被鼓励可以在线提供的服务包括在线会诊，预约挂号和检查结果查询。 并没有提到医疗手
术。故答案选
A
。

（
2
）细节理解题。根据第三段
“As
China
joins
the
ranks
of
middle
-income
countries,
the
demand
for
health
services
has
increased
accordingly.”
可知，随着中国进入中等收入国家 行
列，对健康服务的需求也随之增加。也就是说中国人民的生活水平提高，是健康服务需求
增加 的原因。故答案选
C
。

（
3
）
推理判
断 题
。由原
文
“Internet
Plus
Healthcare
can
help
reduce
the
problem
of
inaccessible
and
expensive
public
health
services
that
have
long
been
a
big
concern
for
the
general
public
.”
，公共卫生服务一直是公众关注的焦点。又由
“In
recent
years,
top
-
level…the
growing
demand
of
the
public.”
，近年来医疗费用已成为家庭的沉重负担，高端医疗资源无
法满足公众日益增长的需求。可知， 目前医疗资源不足等问题日益严重和紧迫，所以中国
政府必须抓紧时间采取措施解决问题。故答案选B
。

（
4
）主旨大意题。由文章开头
“China
will
green
light
Internet
medical
services
conducted
by
medica
l institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare”
及全文内容
可知，文章主要讲了中国政府推行网上医疗服务的消息。故答案选
B
。

【点评】新闻报道类阅读理解的解题技巧


1
）仔细阅读导语， 掌握新闻主旨：导语
(
即文章的第一句话或第一自然段
)
往往是对整篇
文章的高度概括，正文部分则对导语展开叙述，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。

2
）运用查读的方法明确新闻的细节：根据题干的关键词，采用查读的方法搜寻所考查的细
节描述，然后与 选项进行比较，最后确定答案。

3
）把握文章基本框架，抓住长句和难句的主干：在 阅读新闻报道类文章时，首先要了解其
基本框架结构，始终把重点放在文章最主要的内容上，不要被细枝 末节、和主旨不相关的
难句所迷惑。其次，检测的关键句常常是长句或者含有习语、难词的句子。


4
．
阅读理解

About aspirin:

Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous
medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable
to treat colds and flu- like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.

Who can take aspirin?

Adults and children over 16 years of age.

Who should not take aspirin?

Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.

Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.

People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.

How to take aspirin:

Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.

The recommended dose (
剂量
) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more
than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.


You
must
not
take
these
tablets
with
any
other
medicine
which
contains
any
aspirin
or
painkiller.

How to store aspirin:

Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.

Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.


Do
not
put
aspirin
in
the
bathroom
because
the
dampness
there
can
cause
it
to
lose
its
effectiveness.

Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.

Possible side effects:

Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common.
If these effects continue, contact your doctor.

Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur,
stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.

（
1
）
In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?

A. Stomachache. B. Fever. C. Breathlessness. D. Nosebleed.

（
2
）
How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day?

A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.

（
3
）
What type of writing is this text?

A. A hospital announcement. B. A medical report.

C. A doctor's suggestions list.
D. Medical instructions.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“It is also suitable to treat colds and flu
-like symptoms,
and to reduce a high temperature.”
可知，阿司匹林可以退烧，故选
B
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“The
recommended
dose
(
剂量
)
ranges
from
two
to
three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets in any 24 -
hour period.”
可知，每次
2 -3
片，一天不能超过
12
片，最多六次，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查主旨大意。本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项，因而是一篇药物
使用说明书，故选
D
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意 两个题型的考查，是一篇药物使用说明书，要
求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳， 从而选出正确答案。


5
．
阅读理解

Best Smartphone Games To Put Your Brain To Test


I
am
a
fan
of
blood
shedding
MMORPGs.
But
sometimes
I
play
brain
games.
Here
are
four
games for you that will surely put your brain to test.

Real Chess


Chess
has
been
bursting brains
for
over 14
centuries,
and
this
virtual variant
of chess
really
brings a new taste. It's a 3D virtual chess that lets you play with users from all around the world.

You can chat with opponents, play with AI, get newbie tips and much more. The animations and
3D structures are really cool as well.

Juice Cubes

Juice Cubes is a light and colorful game full of fruity juice cubes that you need to connect to
pop and clear levels. There are multiple types of challenges, powerups, and over 550+ levels to
keep you addicted.

It might seem easy at the start, but it will burst your brain when you reach higher levels.

WordBrain 2


A
really
fun
word
game
where
you
need
to
guess
words
based
on
the
number
of
letters
provided. Each word puzzle has a theme category, such as food, human body, color, or even space.

And you can also use hints to solve the level when you get stuck. Your vocabulary is sure to be
challenged in it.

Puzzlerama

Puzzlerama basically joins some of the top puzzles in one single app, making it a perfect app for
puzzle lovers. It lets you play popular puzzle games such as flow, jigsaw, unblock, pipes, tangram,
and more. There are hundreds of levels available for each puzzle type and things get really tough
as you advance.

The game interface is also very colorful, and smooth animations make the game fun to play.

（
1
）
What is special about Real chess?

A. It is a light and colorful game. B. It is a funny word game.

C. It is a 3D virtual chess game.
D. It has hundreds of levels.

（
2
）
If you're good at guessing words, which game is the best choice?

A. Real Chess. B. Juice Cubes. C. WordBrain 2. D. Puzzlerama.

（
3
）
Which games are likey to have bright and different colors in the interface design?

A. Real Chess&WordBrain 2
B. Juice Cubes & WordBrain 2

C. WordBrain 2 & Puzzlerama
D. Puzzlerama & Juice Cubes

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种游戏测试你的大脑。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
Real Chess
部分中的
“It's a 3
D virtual chess that lets you play with
users from all around the world.“
可知，
Real chess
是一个
3D
虚拟象棋游戏。故选
C
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
WordBrain 2
部分中的
“A really fun word game where you need to
guess words based on the number of letters provided.”
可知，如果你擅长猜词，最好的选择就
是
WordBrain 2
。故选
C
。

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据
Juice Cubes
部分中的
“Juice Cubes is a light and colorful game full of
fruity juice cubes that you need to connect to pop and clear levls”
和
Puzzlerama
部分中的
“The
game interface is also very colorful, and smooth animations make the game fun to play.”
可知，
Puzzlerama & Juice Cubes
有鲜艳、不同的颜色。故选
D
。

【点评】本题考点涉及 细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确 答案。


6
．
阅读理解

China's cancer researcher Zhu Chen, together with two French researchers Anne Dejean and
Hugues de Thé, received Sjoberg Prize 2018 in Stockholm Concert Hall, Sweden on Friday.


“We used wisdom from both Chinese and Western medicine and offered a cure to one of the
most deadly cancers,” Chen told Xinhua, “I feel that Chinese medicine has potential to contribute
more to human health. It struggles for benefiting all mankind. It's a language of peace, and of
development and progress.” Chen recalled the cooperation with the two French researchers for
over 30 years.

This year's Sjoberg winners have developed a new and targeted treatment for a specific form of
blood cancer called acute promyelocytic leukaemia (
急性早幼粒白血病
). It was once one of the
deadliest forms of cancer, but it is now possible to cure nine out of ten patients who receive the
new treatment. The winners have made this revolutionary development possible by methodically
mapping the molecular mechanisms responsible for the disease.

The Prize is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and is funded (
资助
)by the
Sjoberg
Foundation.
The
foundation,
with
a
donation
of
2.5
billion
US
dollars,
was
founded
in
2016,
and
serves
to
promote
scientific
research
that
focuses
on
cancer,
health
and
the
environment.

The Prize is an annual international prize in cancer research awarded to individual researchers
or research groups. The prize amounts to one million US dollars, of which 100,000US dollars is
the prize sum and 900,000US dollars is funding for future research.

（
1
）
Zhu Chen was awarded Sjoberg Prize for the .

A. research into a language
B. promotion of Chinese medicine

C. treatment for a once fatal cancer D. cooperation with French researchers

（
2
）
What can we know about the Sjoberg Foundation?

A. It funds research in certain fields.
B. It favors individual researchers.

C. It donates 2.5 billion US dollars.
D. It awards the prize annually.

（
3
）
What can the text be classified as?

A. A biography.
B. A news report.
C. A science fiction.
D. An advertisement.

（
4
）
What is the best title for the text?

A. New Cure for Cancer B. Breakthroughs to human health

C. Great Contributions of Chinese Medicine
D. Three Scientists Receiving Sjoberg Prize

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，中国科学家
Zhu
Chen
和另外两位法国科学家荣获
舍贝里奖。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“We used wisdom from both Chinese and Western medicine
and offered a cure to one of the most deadly cancers”
解释了
Zhu Chen
和另外两位法国科学家
获奖的原因。故选
C
。

(2)
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“The
foundation, with
a
donation
of
2.5
billion
US
dollars,
was
founded
in 2016,
and
serves
to
promote
scientific research
that
focuses
on
cancer,
health
and the environment.”
可知选
A
。

(3)
考查推理 判断。根据全文内容和文体特点而判断此文应该是一篇新闻报道。故选
B
。

(4)
考查主旨大意。新闻报道主旨一般就在首段呈现。根据第一段
“
China's
cancer
researcher
Zhu
Chen,
together
with
two
French
researchers
Anne
Dejean
and
Hugues
de
Thé,
received
Sjoberg Prize 2018 in Stockholm Concert Hall, Sweden on Friday.”
中国科学家
Zhu Chen
和另外
两位法国科学家荣获舍贝里奖，故选
D
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报
道，要求考生在捕 捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案 。



7
．
阅读理解

Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants. Except for its flowers, the
plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string
when they are cooked. It's almost leafless, thread-like stems hang down on top of other plants
that dodder needs to stay alive. Dodder does not produce its own food. Instead, it steals food
from
other
plants.
It
feeds
by
sucking
juices
from
the
plant
which
is
wrapped
around,
often
making its host very weak or even killing it.


Dodder
can
find
other
plants
by
their
smell.
When
a
young
dodder
plant
starts
growing,
it
follows the smell of plants it prefers, like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops. Unlike
most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the
direction of, for example, tomato smell
—
if a tomato happens to be growing nearby.

However, a young dodder plant must find a host plant quickly. It no longer needs its root once
it is attached to the host and wrapped around it. If it cannot catch a
smell of a potential host
within a few days, it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around. Once it finds a
host,
the
young
dodder
plant
will
attach
itself
to
it
and
start
growing
faster.
At
that
point
the
dodder plant will drop its root.

Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache for farmers. When it does get
out
of
hand,
dodder
can
greatly
reduce
a
farmer's
harvest
or
even
destroy
crops
completely.
Before sowing their produce, especially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make
sure
no
unwanted
dodder
seeds
have
mixed with
their
crop
seeds. This
is
a
good
way
to
stop
dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly.

（
1
）
Why does the author mention spaghetti in the first paragraph?

A. To analyze the content of some food. B. To introduce the topic of this passage.

C. To tell the usage of the dodder plants.
D. To describe the shape of dodder plants.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word “vanish” in the third paragraph mean?

A. invade.
B. grow.
C. escape.
D. disappear.

（
3
）
What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Dodder doesn't produce its own food.
B. Dodder gives off smell to attract plants.

C. Dodder can affect farmers' income.
D. Dodder can only survive in the shade.

（
4
）
What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To
introduce
a
new
variety
of
farm
crops.
B. To
introduce
plants
that
are
harmful
to
humans.

C. To
introduce
the
special
abilities
of
a
dangerous
plant.
D. To
introduce
recent
improvements in farming methods.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，介绍了一种有特殊生长习性，危害农作物生长的攀
附植物
——
菟丝子。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind
of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string
when they are cooked.”可推断，
作者把菟丝子和意大利面条相比是用人们熟悉的东西来说明它的形状，故选
D。

(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few
days,
it
will
dry
up”
可知，菟丝 子如果不能很快找到可以寄生的植物，它就会变干，因此推
断即使周围有许多水它也会消失死亡。故画线 词
“vanish”
与
D
项
disappear“
消失”
意义相
近。故选
D
。

(3)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce
a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely. ”
可知，当菟丝子失去控制，也就是疯狂的
生长，菟丝子可以极大减少农民的收成，甚至完全摧 毁庄稼。因此推断菟丝子会影响农民
们的收入。故选
C
。

(4)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“Dodder
is
an
unusual
and
unwanted
plant
that
attacks

other plants.”
和下文 对菟丝子特殊的生长习性和危害的叙述可知，文章的写作目的是主要介
绍这种特殊又有危害的植物
——
菟丝子。故选
C
。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判 断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考
生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。



8
．
阅读理解

If you're showering every day, you're probably over doing it. In fact, showering too often can
actually hurt your body in the long run.

As Time's public health column explains, daily showers are common due to social norms more
than
any
proper
health
need.
We
connect
being
freshly
showered
with
being
attractive
and
pleasing, so we tend to showering often to feel better.

But what's the ideal shower frequency? In terms of your health
—
not how you look or smell
—

probably
once
or
twice
a
week,
assistant
professor
of
dermatology
at
George
Washington
University, Dr. C. Brandon Mitchell says. “Your body is natur
ally a well-
oiled machine,” he says. “A
daily shower isn't necessary.”

Of course, your situation may vary. If you have a job like car maintenance or construction, you'll
obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you work
out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be smelly. If
you feel like you need to take daily showers for aesthetic
（审美的）
reasons, at least make most
of them light showers. “I tell patients who shower daily not to soap their whole bodies,” Mitchell
says. Hit your pits, butt and groin, which are the areas that produce strong smells. The rest of
your body doesn't need much soaping, he says.

Too much time spent under the hot water can dry out your skin, cause cracks
（裂纹）
that can
lead to infections or germs getting into your skin, and take away the natural oils on your skin that
help keep it healthy. So, even if you're aiming to be your most presentable, be sure to keep it
moderate to avoid hurting your skin in the long run.

（
1
）
According to the passage, why do most people shower daily?

A. To meet health need. B. To wash off dirt.

C. To add to attraction.
D. To get relaxation.

（
2
）
Which of the following people might be advised to shower once or twice a week?

A. Office staff
B. Car maintainer
C. Building workers
D. Gym-goers

（
3
）
The
underlined
phrase
“light
showers”
in
Para

.
4
refers
to
the
showers
in
which
________.

A. bright lights are equipped B. a little soaping is involved

C. gentle skin touches are allowed D. less hot water is used

（
4
）
What is the best title for the text?

A. Showering Daily Becomes a Custom
B. Daily Shower Does No Good to You

C. Protect Your Skin When Showering D. You Probably Needn't Shower Daily

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体健康有害。如果不是
每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作， 普通人一周洗一两次澡足够了。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“We
connect
being
freshly
showered
with
being
attractive
and pleasing, so we tend to showering often to feel better.”
可知多数人每天淋浴是为了增加吸
引力，故选
C
。

(2)
考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“If
you
have
a
job
like
car
maintenance
or
construction,
you'll obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you
work out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be
smelly. ”
可知每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作，才需要每天洗澡，故选
A
。< br>
(3)
考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“‘I
tell
patients
who
shower
daily
not
to
soap
their
whole
bodies,’
Mitche
ll
says.
Hit
your
pits,
butt
and
groin,
which
are
the
areas
that
produce
strong
smells. The rest of your body doesn't need much soaping, he says.
可知
‘light showers’”
指的是只
在一些部位涂肥 皂，而全身不需要太多肥皂，故选
B
。

(4)
考查主旨大意。本文 主要讲了从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体健康有害。如果不是每天身
上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工 作，普通人一周洗一两次澡足够了。所以选
B
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节 理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的 基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。



9
．
阅读理解



America
is
well
known
for
being
a
melting
pot
of
different
ethnic
groups
and
cultures,
but
nowhere is this diversity more pronounced than in Queens, New York.


Here,
second-generation
Puerto
Ricans
live
alongside
third-generation
Greeks
and
first-
generation Koreans, all united by a common feeling of pride in their American identity. However,
they are also proud and curious about their ancestral roots. National Geographic's Genographic
Project,
also known
as
the Human
Family Tree,
set
out
to
trace
the
origins by examining
their
genetic
makeup
using
a
simple
DNA
test.
What
interested
them
more
was
something
that
intrigues us all: the history of our recent ancestry. One recurring theme among immigrants seems
to be the hard work and sacrifices that went into building a new life, and how their descendants
now feel a duty to honor that effort by working hard too. Here is one Queens resident's story.

Richard, 38

My great-grandfather Tomas came to America from Poland when he was fifteen. His mother
had died, and his father remarried. Tomas didn't like his stepmother, so he ran away to Belgium,
where he boarded a ship to America
—
without a ticket. Arriving in America with nothing, he got a
job on the railroads in California. Then one day he saw an announcement in a newspaper that
was read by immigrants. It was from his brother in New York who was also seeking his fortune in
America and was looking for him. Tomas got in touch and they had an emotional reunion in New
York, where Tomas subsequently settled. This is the story that my grandmother has passed down
to us, to my parents, and all my aunts and uncles. She is an amazing woman and I suppose: the
one
who
holds
us
all
together.
She's
actually
quite
forgetful
now,
but
she
never
forgets
family
details. What that has meant is that all of us have a strong family bond and a strong sense of
belonging to a group that has struggled and fought together to steered here.

（
1
）
What is special about Queens?

A. Conflicting ethnic minorities live here.

B. Many foreigners like to travel to this place.

C. The pronunciation varies from person to person.

D. Many different people and cultures are gathering here.

（
2
）
What does the

A. A sad experience.
B. A common subject.

C. An unknown topic.
D. An unusual quality.

（
3
）
Which of the following can best describe Tomas?

A. Brave and independent.
B. Tough and honest.

C. Talented and persistent. D. Kind and hard-working.

（
4
）
What can we know about the immigrants from the text?

A. They are ashamed of their roots.

B. They feel attached to their family.

C. They can't fit in with the new surroundings.

D. They are less interested in recent generations.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，美国是一个种族和文化的大熔炉，尽管移 民在
美国生活了几代，但他们仍对自己的祖辈感到骄傲和好奇。祖辈的努力和牺牲让他们有强
烈 的家庭归属感，也激励着他们更加努力。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“America
is
well
known
for
being
a
melting
pot
of
different
ethnic
groups
and
cultures,
but
nowhere
is
this
diversity
more
pronounced
than
in
Queens,
New
York.”
可知，美国是不同种族和文化的大熔 炉，但这种多样性在纽约的皇后区
最为明显，即：皇后区汇集了不同种族的人和文化。故选
D< br>。


（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“One
recurring
theme
among
immigrants
seems
to
be
the hard work and sacrifices that went into building a new life, and how their descendants now
feel a duty to honor that effort by work
ing hard too.”
移民中
……
似乎是为了建立新生活他们所
付出的努力和牺牲，以及他们的后代应该感到有责任通过努力工作 来纪念他们的努力。联
系上下文，可知这是很多移民谈到的话题，故推测划线部分的意思是
“< br>一个共同的主题
”
。
故选
B
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“so he ran away to Belgium, where he boarded a ship
to America
—
without a ticket. Arriving in America with nothing, he got a job on the railroads in
California.”
可知
Tomas
没有 买票一个人坐上了到美国的轮船，到了美国后身无分文在火车
站找了一份工作，这些体现了
To mas
的勇敢和独立。故选
A
。


（
4
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“What
interested
them
more
was
something
that
intrigues us all: the history of our recent ancestry.”
和最后一段中的
“She's actually quite for
getful
now,
but
she
never
forgets
family
details.
What
that
has
meant
is
that
all
of
us
have
a
strong
family bond and a strong sense of belonging to a group that has struggled and fought together to
steered
here.”
可知美国移民对他们祖辈的历史更感兴趣；
R ichard
的祖母忘不了家庭细节意
味着他们有强烈的家庭纽带和归属感，即这些移民看重家 庭以及对家庭的依恋。故选
B
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解 ，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟
类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上 下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


10
．
阅读理解

Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-
class citizens.

As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among
one hundred
chicken
faces
and
recognize
familiar
individuals
even
after
months
of
separation.
When
given
problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give
up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends,
and mourn when those friend die.

Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at
Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the
O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's.
Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the
pigs
walked
only
toward
the
O-shirted
people:
they had
transferred
their
knowledge
to
a
two-
dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.


I've
been
guilty
of
prejudiced
expectations,
myself.
At
the
start
of
my
career
almost
four
decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals.
They're other primates(
灵长目动物
), after all, animals from our own mammalian(
灵长目动物
)
class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters
of
cultural
learning,
and
elephants
express
profound
joy
and
mourning
with
their
social
companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in
our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure in
laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme
parks.

Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish,
chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, 1 started to wonder: Will the new science of
an ethical (
伦理的
) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to
catch up with the development of our science?

Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what
about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to
make changes in who we eat?

（
1
）
According to Annie Potts, hens have the ability of .

A. interaction B. analysis C. creation D. abstraction

（
2
）
The research into pigs shows that pigs .

A. learn letters quickly B. have a good eyesight

C. can build up a good relationship D. can apply knowledge to new situations

（
3
）
Paragraph 4 is mainly about .

A. the similarities between mammals and humans
B. the necessity of long-term studies on
mammals

C. a
change
in
people's
attitudes
towards
animals
D. a
discovery
of
how
animals
express
themselves

（
4
）
What might be the best title for the passage?

A. The Inner Lives of Food Animals B. The Lifestyles of Food Animals

C. Science Reports on Food Animals
D. A Revolution in Food Animals

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论 文，论述了动物也有情感有思想，有一定的分析推理能
力。人类不应只将它们当作食物。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“When given problems to s
olve, they reason: hens trained
to pick colored buttons choose some times to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly
later
(and
better)
one”
可知，当解决问题时，母鸡们会推理： 例如，受过挑选彩色纽扣的训
练的母鸡们有时会选择放弃即时的食物奖励，换取稍晚一些
(而且更好
)
的食物奖励。由此
可知，母鸡们具备分析能力。故选
B
。

(2)
考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Pi
gs
respond
meaningful
to
human
symbols.
When
a
research
team
led
by
Candace
Croney
at
Penn
State
University
carried
wooden
blocks
marked
with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon
ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts
printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had
transferred their knowledge to a two- dimensional format, a not inconsiderable fea
t of reasoning.”
可知，一些研究者拿着带
X
标记的木板，一些研究者拿 着带
O
标记的木板，只有拿带
O
标
记木板的研究者给猪提供食物，猪 很快就只理会这些研究者了。当木板换成带
X
和
O
标记
的衬衫时，猪 仍然只走向那些穿带
O
标记衬衫的研究者。这表明猪将把知识转移到了二维
的形式，这 是一种相当大的推理壮举。故选
D
。

(3)
考查段落大意。根据第四段中的
“At
the
start
of
my
career
almost
four
decades
ago,
I
was
firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out- feel other animals...Fairly soon, I came
to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and
elephants
express
profound
joy
and
mourning
with
their
social
companions.
Long-term
studies…helped
to
fuel
a
viewpoint
shift
in
our
society:
the
public
no
longer
so
easily
accepts
monkeys
made
to
undergo
painful
procedure
kin
laboratories,
elephants
forced
to
perform
in
circuses, and dolphins kept in small
tanks at theme parks.”
可知，数十年前，作者坚 信猴子和猩
猩在思考能力和情感上都胜过其他的动物。很快，作者就意识到除了猴子和猩猩，鲸鱼也是文化学习的主人，大象也表现出高兴等情感。长期的研究也促进着我们社会观点的转
变：我们不再 认为猴子只能是实验室里的实验对象，大象只能在马戏团里进行表演，海豚
只能被养在主题公园狭小的池 子里。很明显，本段介绍的是人们对动物看法的转变。故选
C
。

(4)
考查主旨大意。第一段提出：科学开始拥抱原来被我们认为是二等公民的动物们（即：

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