-天意谷

2021年1月23日发(作者：此人一一为具言所闻)
（英语）高一英语阅读理解试题
(
有答案和解析
)
及解析


一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解

Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi .However, their
lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (
齿乳象
).

Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric bone in a
piece of earth that was recently plowed (
犁、耕
).
pick it up and it was really heavy and I saw teeth on it.
eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their tub (
浴盆
), but it took their collective
strength, might and a golf cart, to carry the large Mastodon bone.


will be more aware of their surroundings and what they're digging up when they are digging and
playing.


石化的
) wood and Civil War relics from the area and that's
what I thought it was,
we
thought
it
was
their
imagination.
We
were
quite
surprised
to
see
that
it
was
not
their
imagination.

They were exploring near the brothers' home. Lo and behold (
真想不到
), they saw what they
thought resembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleontology (
古生物负责人
) of the Mississippi
Museum
of
Natural
Science,
George
Phillips,
who
first
identified
the
bone
as
a

mature
individual.

The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and
trunks, like elephants. They were clearly different from their modern-day counterparts, as well as
woolly mammoths (
猛犸
).

（
1
）
How did they find the jawbone of a Mastodon?

A. With great efforts. B. By chance.

C. Instructed by an expert. D. Through imagination.

（
2
）
At first the brothers' mother thought the jawbone was .

A. from people who died in the Civil War B. the bone from a very mature individual

C. like a log or something D. the prehistoric bone

（
3
）
The discovery of the jawbone of a Mastodon is important mainly because it .

A. helps people to know more about the Civil War B. teaches kids to be more aware of their
surroundings

C. promotes the research on more prehistoric creatures D. attracts the Mississippi Museum
of Natural Science

（
4
）
Which of the following can be the best title for the article?

A. Prehistoric Bones Recently Found in Mississippi B. Not Petrified Wood Nor Civil War Relics

C. First
Identifying
Bone
as
a

Mature
Individual
Discovering
Mastodon Jawbone

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙 文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现
了齿乳象的颚骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前生物 的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史前生物的研
究有较强的促进作用。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段
“Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of
Bovina,
Mississippi .However,
their
lives
were
turned
upside
down
when
they
discovered
the
jawbone
of
a
Mastodon
(
齿乳象
).”
可知他们是在玩耍的时候无意中发现齿乳象的颚骨的。故
选
B
。

（
2
）考查判断推理。根据第四段中的
“We've gotten a lot of petrified (
石化的
) wood and Civil
War relics from the area and that's what I thought it was”
可知之前他们曾经发现过一些石化的
木材以及内战时的遗 物，所以他的母亲认为这次他们发现的还是内战里死亡的人的遗物。
故选
A
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“ I
t was the curator of paleontology (
古生物负责人
)
of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a
‘very mature individual.’”“
可知齿乳象的颚骨的发现可以 促进对史前生物的研究。故选
C
。

（
4
）考查主旨大意。 本文是一篇记叙文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发
现了史前巨物齿乳象的颚骨，起初他 们并不知道这是史前生物的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史
前生物的研究有较强的促进作用。故选
D< br>。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事 类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理， 概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


2
．
阅读理解

It was when I was walking to my office, trailed by three young people whose ages ranged from
16 to 25, flowing down the corridor behind me like the tail of a kite, that I thought of it for the
first time.

This could be because I am not actually a mother. Until recently, I was not a
either. But I have been living with the man who is now my husband, Bernardo for 10 years and in
those 10 years, not only have his younger daughters spent every other weekend and half of their
school holiday with us but also his son has lived with us full- time. In fact, when Bernardo asked
me to move in, he asked his son for permission first.

Being a step mum is hard enough but being a sort-of-step-mother is about the most awkward
position a mature woman can find herself in. With my sort-of-steppies, I have occupied a place of
influence,
power
and
sometimes
extreme
anger
by
turns.
I
have
stepped
on
a
delicate
path
between
being
a
grown-up
friend,
a
bridge
of
influence
with
their
father,
the
woman
of
the
house, and a figure of authority
–
but not too much.

Love the kids or hate them, you must always remember that no matter how much you cook,
clean, hug, comfort and discipline, you will never actually count.

To survive, I trained myself to love the stepkids as hard as I could, but not to care. It's a handy
piece
of
good
mental
health
trickery
I
recommend
to
anyone
in
my
position.
I
can
help
with
homework,
yes,
but
not
bother
about
the
results
of
that
homework.
I
can
teach
them
good
manners, but not care about the bad habits they learn at home. Semi-detached is the position.

（
1
）
Which of the following is true about Bernardo?

A. Bernardo seldom cares about the kids.
B. Bernardo dislikes living with his kids.

C. Bernardo
respects
the
opinion
of
his
kids.
D. Bernardo
doesn't
recognize
his
wife
as
a


（
2
）
What does the author think of her role in the family?

A. She was totally favored by the kids.
B. She has acted as an enemy of the kids.

C. She
didn't
have
any
influence
in
the
family.
D. She
was
the
communication
bridge
between kids and their father.

（
3
）
What's the author's advice for stepmothers in the last paragraph?

A. Be partly engaged in kids' life.
B. Care little about kids' behavior.

C. Seldom get involved in kids' homework.
D. Become the absolute authority of the family.

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作为一个继母应该如何与孩子相处才是 一个
适当的度。

（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“In fact, when Bernardo asked me to move in, he asked
his son for permission first.”Bernardo
再婚让妻子搬进家里，还要征求孩子 们的同意，由此可
推断出
Bernardo
尊重孩子的意见。故选
C
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“I
have
stepped
on
a
delicate
path
between
being
a
grown-up friend, a bridge of influence with their father, the woman of the house, and a figure of
authority
.. .”
我走上了一条微妙的道路，既是成年孩子的朋友，又是孩子与父亲的之间影响
的桥梁，既是 家里的女主人，又是权威人物
…”
故选
D
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“It's
a
handy
piece
of
good
mental
health
trickery
I
recommend to anyone in my position. I can help with homework, yes, but not bother about the
results
of
that
homework.
I
can
teach
them
good
manners,
but
not
care
about
the
bad
habits
they learn at home. Semi-
detached is the p osition.”
可知，作者对于继母的建议就是部分地参
与到孩子们的生活中。故选
A
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅 读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


3
．
阅读理解


Traditional
Chinese
medicine
(TCM)
is
gaining
global
popularity.
According
to
a
government
white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world.


Westerners'
understanding
of
TCM,
however,
may
be
limited
to
acupuncture,
cupping
and
massage(
针灸，拔罐和按摩
). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer
Michael
Phelps
，
back from
cupping
for
the
purpose
of
relaxing
his
muscles and reducing
pain
became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.

As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and
keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is
therefore
disheartening
to
know
that
while
103
World
Health
Organization
member
countries
have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine.
TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.


Herbs
are
made
into
pills,
powder
and
soup,
and
the
kind
of
herbs
used,
their
quality
and
quantity,
and
the
processing
of
the
ingredients
(
原材料
)
jointly
determine
the
effectiveness
of
the
prescription.
Compared
with
Western
medicine,
which
has
standardized
drug
production
processes
and
treatment
methods,
TCM
lacks
standardization,
with
the
chemical
composition
and
functions
of
its
medicines
being
unclear
and
their
effects
being
unstable.
Fortunately,
standardization
has
improved
in
recent
decades,
with
an
increasing
number
of
factories
producing patented TCM drugs.

Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of
creativity.
While
Western
medicine-making
companies
come
up
with
new
products
every
year,
TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the
past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her
research
into
malaria
(
疟疾
)
treatment
may
drive
creativity
to
some
extent
in
China's
TCM
industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.

（
1
）
Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps?

A. Because he was injured in his swimming.
B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM
treatment.

C. Because
westerners
know
a
little
about
TCM.
D. Because
westerners
attach
great
importance to TCM.

（
2
）
Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine?

A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases.
B. Because they only approve the practice
of acupuncture.

C. Because Western
medicine
is
more
effective.
D. Because
medicine
made
out
of
Chinese
herbs develops slowly.

（
3
）
Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4?

A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription.

C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.

（
4
）
The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that ________.

A. medicine-making companies lack creativity
B. prescriptions are got from the past

C. Western
companies
are
more
experienced
D. medicine-making
companies
lack
driving
force

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，街扫了传统中药的好处。和西医相比，它不必动手
术，费用少，且没有术后感染的风险等，但生产缺 乏标准化、疗效不稳定和缺乏创造力等
问题也严重阻碍中医药的发展。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Westerners'
understanding
of
TCM,
however,
may
be
limited
to
acupuncture,
cupping
and
massage(
针灸，拔罐和按摩
).
For
instance,
the
purple,
injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps
，
back from cupping for the purpose of
relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in
2016.”
可知，作者提到
Michael
P helps
的例子是说明西方人对
TCM
有一点了解，但这种了
解只限于针灸 ，拔罐和按摩。故选
C
。

(2)
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the
slow
development
of
Chinese
herbs.”
可知，有些
WHO
的成员国不承认中国的草药是因为中
药发展缓慢，远远落后于西药。 故选
D
。

(3)
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition
and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable.”可知，与西医相
比，在第四段中指出中医的弱点是缺乏标准化。故选
C
。

(4)
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“Another
factor
tha
t
has
prevented
the
development
of
TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity.”
可知，中药缺乏创造力指的是中药是根据过 去
流传下来的处方做成的。故选
B
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理 解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑 推理，选出正确答案。



4
．
阅读理解


Years
ago,
students
applying
to
colleges
and
universities
had
to
have
their
applications
and
personal essays printed out and then “snail
-
mailed”. Flash forward to today's world of Facebook,
Instagram and WeChat, where photos, videos and mobile phones rule. Fortunately, several new
tools are making it easier for college applicants to use technology to show off their personalities,
skills and creativity.

ZEEMEE

One of the more popular innovations in college applications is ZeeMee, a free mobile app that
allows students to upload personal profiles and videos to create visual resumes. More than 220
colleges and universities offer a ZeeMee option as part of the application process. The video can
show the unique creative aspects of the applicants.

THE COALITION LOCKER

Another relatively new tool comes from the Coalition for Access, Affordability and Success, now
used by
more
than 110
member
colleges
and
universities.
Among
the
group's
stated
goals
are
getting
students
engaged
in
college
prep
early
and
using
technology
to
create
a
supportive
application process that encourages reflection and self-discovery.


Students who sign up for the free platform get access to a digital “locker”, which they can use
all through high school to save class papers, artwork, newspaper stories, videos and photos to
share with colleges when they eventually apply.

VIDEO
—
CHAT INTERVIEWS

At some schools, an interview with an admission officer is an important part of the application
process.
To
make
it
easier,
several
virtual
interviewing
tools
have
popped
up,
such
as
a
video-
based platform from Kira. More than 140 universities worldwide use Kira's video assessment tool
to conduct real-time interviews with prospective students. During the interview, candidates are
shown
the
questions
prerecorded
by
the
particular
school
and
must
respond
in
real
time
by
talking into the camera on their laptop or phone. In addition to showing their ability, to speak
fluently in English and think on their feet, it
helps admission officers determine the “motivation,
commitment and drive” of
applicants.

UNIQUE SCHOOL TOOLS

Some universities have come up with their own ways to allow students to show their skills and
personalities. For example, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, encourages applicants to
display
their
technical
ab
ilities
and
creativity
by
submitting
a
“Maker
Portfolio”
—
a
written
or
videotaped description of a project that shows creative and problem-solving skills. While a new
app would fit the bill, the project could be anything from an origami design to a potato cannon.

（
1
）
Which of the apps give students more guidance from their high school?

A. ZEEMEE.
B. THE COALITION LOCKER.

C. VIDEO
—
CHAT INTERVIEWS.
D. UNIQUE SCHOOL TOOLS.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word “it” in the fourth part of the passage refer to?

A. The video interview. B. The description. C. The application. D. The student's ability.

（
3
）
What is the common feature required by colleges and universities according to the passage?

A. Creativity.
B. Braveness.
C. Willingness to share.
D. Technical ability.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在今天的
Facebook
、
Instagram
和微信的世界里，照
片、视频和手机盛行的同时，一些新工具让 大学申请者更容易使用技术来展示他们的个
性、技能和创造力。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据
THE
COALITION
LOCKER
部分中的
“Students
who
sign
up
for
the
free
platform get access to a digital ‘locker’, which they can use all through high school to save class
papers,
artwork,
newspaper
stories,
videos
and
photos
to
share
with
colleges
when
they
eventually apply.”
可知，
THE COALITION LOCKER.
能让学生从高中获得更多的指导。故选
B
。

(2)
考查代词指代。根据
VIDEO
—

CHAT
INTERVIEWS
部分中的
“At
some
schools,
an
interview
with an admission officer is an important part of the application process.”
在一些学校，对招生
人员的面试是申请过程的重要组成部分；以及

“In
addition
to
showing
their
ability,
to
speak
fluently in English and think on their feet, it helps admission officers determine the ‘motivation,
commitment and drive’ of applicants.“
除了展示他 们的能力，为了流利地说英语和快速反应，
它
还
能
帮
助招
生
人员
决定
申
请
者
的
“
动
机
、承诺
和
动
力
”
。
由
此
可知
i t
指
的
是
“the
application”
，故选
C
。

(3)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“Fortunately,
several
new
tools
are
making
it
easier
for
college applicants to use technology to show off their personalities, skills and creativity.”
可知，
根据文章的内容，创造力是学院和大 学的共同特征。故选
A
。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和代词指代两个题 型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考
根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。



5
．
阅读理解

Castle Dale is a small town in central Utah. My grandpa's farm is a few miles to the north. I
grew
up
there.
Milking
a
cow,
feeding
the
chickens
and
cutting
firewood
were
daily
routines.
Grandpa had me carrying a broom to do snow cleaning when it was actually taller than I was. This
was the work kids like me learned to do at a young age.


I
was
tall,
very
tall
at
a
really
young
age.
My
unusual
height
caused
people
to
look,
ask
questions, laugh, tease, and sometimes even challenge me to fight. I was teased cruelly as a kid.
It wasn't fair, I knew, but that was just the way it was. Luckily, I was taught at a very young age a
very important lesson. I am different and that's Okay
—
I'm unique and I matter. No one could ever
take that away from me. I knew this then, and I know this now. That alone helped me through the
frustrations and heartaches of normal life.

When I was in junior high school, I realized something else that helped me cope. Most teasing
came
from
one
of
two
places
—
people
who
were
either
jealous
or
ignorant
(
愚昧
).
I
couldn't
change the way they were, but I could change the way I felt. I was not going to feel bad because
of their ignorance or jealousy. It wasn't worth it. Realizing this didn't stop them, or change the
fact that these comments hurt. It did, however, give me a way to understand these people and
deal with their treatment in a way that was okay for me.

These things still happen today. It will probably happen the rest of my life. I will always be 7
feet,
6
inches
(2.29
meters)
tall.
I
wouldn't
change
that
for
anything.
People
will
always
look
because it is not every day that you see someone that tall. I learned that at a young age and I
now try to teach my own children that they are unique and they matter. That is the message I
give to you. Regardless of your race, religion, background, or circumstances ... Being different is
okay.

（
1
）
The author mentioned his hometown to show us _______.

A. he is from an ordinary family B. his grandpa is strict with him

C. he loves this lovely small town
D. he had to do a lot of labor work

（
2
）
The author was often teased because _______.

A. he grew up in a small town B. he was much taller than others

C. he fought with people easily
D. he didn't want people to watch him

（
3
）
What was the author's attitude towards being teased?

A. He
accepted
the
fact
of
being
different
and
let
it
go.
B. He
felt
angry
failing
to
change
others' opinions.

C. He
felt
hurt
hearing
people's
negative
comments.
D. He
hated
people's
ignorance
and
jealousy.

（
4
）
Which of the following may best describe the theme of the passage?

A. Everything comes to the man who waits.
B. It is the first step that is troublesome.

C. Speech is silver, silence is gold. D. Keep your head up.

【答案】
（
1
）
A

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙 文，讲述了作者从小到大由于身高的特殊性受到了很多
嘲笑和欺辱，但是作者并未此而感到沮丧．反而认 识到不管一个人的种族、宗教、背景或
者所处的环境如何，与众不同也是一种生活态度。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“ Castle Dale is a small town in central Utah”Castle Dale
是
“
我
”
的家乡，然后介绍了
“
我
”
在祖父的农场长大 每天做了很多杂事：给奶牛挤奶，喂
鸡、砍柴火等；暗示出从小我来自于一个普通的家庭，并没有表现出 特殊的地方。故选
A
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“My
unusual
height
caused
people
to
look
，
ask
questions
，
laugh，
tease
，
and
sometimes
even
challenge
me
to
fight
．
”
提到
“
我
”
从小身高特
别高经常受到周围人的嘲笑。故案选
B
。

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“I am different and that's Okay—
I'm unique and I matter.
No one could ever take that away from me. I knew this then, and I know this now. “
可知
“
我
”
自小
虽然与众不同，但是从内心接受自己．以及最后一段中的
“Regardless
of
your
race,
reli
gion,
background,
or
circumstances ...
Being
different
is
okay.
”
可知，
“
我
”
走自 己的路让别人说去
吧！故选
A
。

（
4
）考查推理 判断。从整篇文章内容来看，主要描述
“
我
”
从小到大由于身高的原因而与众
不同，并受到周围人的取笑。但是
“
我
”
并为此感到自卑和沮丧，反 而勇敢的接受自己并乐
观地积极面对。
Keep your head up
．
“
把头抬起来
”
形象描述了
“
我
”
的心理状态， 符合题意。
故选
D
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两 个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出 正确答案。


6
．
阅读理解


A
12-year-old
with
end
stage
cancer,
the
child's
parents
had
recently
moved
her
from
the
hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girl's breath quickened,
and her father phoned the family's hospice nurse. Please come, he said.

The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in
each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don't we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The
father agreed, and they connected.

The nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the
child's shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you, and the father would
explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl --- the nurse on her computer, the father his
iPad. Together they decided that the nurse's presence was not necessary, that the child had more
time.

-天意谷

-天意谷

-天意谷

-天意谷

-天意谷

-天意谷

-天意谷

-天意谷