-擦玻璃作文

2021年1月23日发(作者：送奶工)
【英语】

英语阅读理解专题练习
(
及答案
)

一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解

Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is easy and
quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to
encourage
learners
even
more.
When
I
see
advertisements
like
this,
I
don't
know
whether
to
laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements
would not appear.

Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage
over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think
they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in
English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and
intonation.

Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students
repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might
be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would
make it easier to use their methods.

In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he
is
interested
in
it.
Human
beings,
unlike
parrots
and
chimpanzees,
do
not
like
making
noises
unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth
remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot
be a formula. It must be real.

There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and
listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us
in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.

（
1
）
Many
people
believe
advertisements
in
the
newspapers
and
on
the
buses
probably
because .

A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens
B. they are eager to learn
and then believe them

C. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts
D. the ways advertised prove
effective and helpful

（
2
）
What may behaviorists argue towards English learning?

A. Human
beings
make
more
interesting
noises
than
parrots
and
chimpanzees.
B. Human
beings should relate their speech to their own lives.

C. Language
is
a
formula
with
lots
of
repetitions
and
practices.
D. Language
is
a
means
of
communication.

（
3
）
What opinion does the author hold?

A. A quick method that suits all the students does exist.
B. English can be mastered within a
very short period of time.

C. Each
word
in
English
has
a
precise
equivalent
in
another
language.
D. No
one
can
learn
English well without being interested in it.

（
4
）
What ways of learning is suggested by the author?

A. Study abroad.
B. Learn communicatively and situationally.

C. Follow the behaviorists' approach.
D. Teach oneself at home with dictionaries.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论 文，讲述了一名语言教师对语言学习的个人看法。他认
为学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但 是学英语不像广告中所说的那么轻松，
假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。在交际 时我们需要有交谈或倾
听的对象。用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。

（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“No
doubt
this
is
true
t
o
a
certain
extent, but
it
is
not
very helpful to students. ”
可知许多人渴望学好这门语言，相 信这些广告中宣传的学习语言能
速成，故选
B
。

（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology.
Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences.”
可知现在大量的教学活动还是建立在行为主义心理学的基础之上。行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不
断做一些只 需更换句中某个词的练习。故选
C
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak
English or any other language unless he is interested in it.”
可知作者认为，假如没有兴趣，任何
人都不可能学好英 语或其他任何语言。故选
D
。

（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“The
re
is
another
relevant
point
worth
mentioning
here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with
us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life
language.”
可知还有一个相关的问题值得一提：在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对 象。在
学习较生疏的内容时，如果有其他学生和我们在实战中一起学习和练习那些陌生的语言形
式，用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。故选
B
。

【点评 】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的
逻辑关系，进行分析， 推理，从而选出正确答案。


2
．
阅读理解

Exhibitions in the British Museum

Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave


Katsushika
Hokusai
(1760-1849)
is
widely
regarded
as
one
of
Japan's
most
famous
and
influential produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of
new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusai's
life
—
a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces.

25 May
—
13 August 2017

Room 35

Adults
￡
12,Members/under 16s free

Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950


Drawn
from
the
British
Museum's
rich
collection,this
is
the
first
exhibition
devoted
to
landscape
drawings
and watercolours by British
artists
in
the
Victorian
and
modern
eras
—
two
halves of very different centuries.

23 February
—
27 August 2017

Room 90

Free, just drop in

Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia


This
major
exhibition
explores
the
story
of
the
Scythians
—
nomadic
tribes
and
masters
of
mounted warfare, who flourished between 900 and 200 BC. Their encounters with the Greeks,
Assyrians and Persians were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was
lost
—
buried beneath the ice.

14 September 2017
—
14 January 2018

Room 30

Adults
￡
16.50,Members/under 16s free

Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift

This display is part of the Museum's contribution to the India-UK Year of Culture looks
at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s.

19 July
—
3 September 2017

Room 90a

Free,just drop in

（
1
）
If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery, you will probably go to______.

A. Room 35
B. Room 90
C. Room 30
D. Room 90a

（
2
）
Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017?

A. Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave.
B. Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia.

C. Places
of
the
mind:
British
watercolour
landscapes
1850-1950.
D. Politics
and
paradise:
Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift.

（
3
）
Where can we most probably find the passage?

A. In a health report.
B. In a story book.

C. In a parenting magazine. D. In a tour guide.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不同的展览，分别是日本艺术家的 杰
作，英国水彩风景，希腊历史探索和印度印刷文化。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950
部分
中的
“this
is
the
first
exhibition
devoted
to
landscape
drawings
and
watercolours”
以及下段的
“Room 90”
可知，这幅作品 是关于自然风光的，在
90
房间。故选
B
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
Scythians:
warriors
of
ancient
Siberia
部分中的
“14
September
2017
—14
January
2018”
，可知在
2 017
年十月份可以去参观
“Scythians:
warriors
of
ancient
Siberia”
这幅作品。故选
B
。

（
3）考查推理判断。根据短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导
游杂志里。故 选
D
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇 广告类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


3
．
阅读理解

Our mother earth is going through a very tough situation and we, the entire human race, are
destroying our environment or unconsciously without even realizing its consequences. Now we
have to act very smartly and plan something to sustain what we still have, getting all necessary
support from nature to lead healthy lives.


Gardening
is
always
an
excellent
and
environmentally
friendly
idea.
If
you
can
go
for
sustainable gardening, then it will be even more useful for all. Gardening is a favorite hobby for
many. It is time to channelize your hobby towards a more meaningful motivation.

When we do gardening we need to use different ingredients to grow plants. Some of them are
natural
resources
like
water,
soil,
sunshine,
and
many
things
like
this.
Using
these
resources
smartly is a part of sustainable gardening. Some simple techniques include: use less water and
organic things to grow plants; try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening; try
using
less
energy
to
drive
devices;
avoid
using
plastics
in
any
form
while
gardening;
reuse
the
leaves from your garden to fertilize them. These are the basic sustainable measures. To do so we
need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper
resources without wasting any of them.

In today's busy life we don't get much time to spend on our environment. Gardening gives us a
chance to do so. We can also have some pesticide-free and fresh food if we grow them in our
garden. This is the right time to do some good to protect our own environment and gardening is
one of the easiest ways. Do you want to start gardening, but you're not sure how? Click here:
http://www. Garden how .

（
1
）
What does the underlined word “channelize

A. Cause. B. Transform. C. Direct. D. Associate.

（
2
）
Which of the following belongs to a sustainable measure?

A. Using advanced electrical machines.
B. Avoiding fertilizers.

C. Watering plants with collected rainwater. D. Clearing away the leaves.

（
3
）
What is the benefit of sustainable gardening?

A. It requires little water. B. It needs no fertilizer.

C. It breaks up plastics.
D. It doesn't waste any resource.

（
4
）
Where is the passage probably taken from?

A. A newspaper.
B. The Internet.
C. A guidebook.
D. A science report.

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，介绍怎样合理利用资源发展园艺，不浪费资源，不
产生对环境有害的物质以保护地球。
< br>（
1
）考查词义猜测。本句中
channelize
来源于
c hannel“
渠道，频道
”
，根据已有的意思于
选项相结合可知，
channelize
为指导，导向的意思，故选
C
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“try
to
store
rainwater
so
that
you
can
use
them
for
gardening”
可知，使用存储的雨水来浇灌植物，是属于可持续发展的措施，故选
C
。

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“To do so we need to have proper knowledge about
gardening
and
its
requirements
so
that
we
can
use
proper
resources
without
wasting
any
of
them.”< br>可知，用这样的方法，可以合理利用资源，不浪费资源，故选
D
。

（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Click here: http://www. garden how .”
可知，
本文来源于网站，故选
B
。

【点评】本题考点 涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息， 并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


4
．
阅读理解

A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her
owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.

The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year's Eve to collect
firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (
衬裤
), a
shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around -4
℃
.


After
the
accident,
he
was
unable
to
move
in
the
snow.
Fortunately,
Kelsey
came
to
his
assistance.


pm, Bob explained.
yell for help, but Kelsey didn't stop barking.

Kelsey's companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to
keep him awake.
knew I couldn't give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.


Bob
spent
20
hours
in
the
freezing
cold.
When
he
finally
lost
consciousness,
his
dog
kept
barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6:30 pm on New Year's
Day
and
called
the
emergency
services
at
once.
When
Bob
arrived
in
hospital,
his
body
temperature was below 21
℃
. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't have any
frostbite (
冻疮
). They believed it was because of Kelsey's determination to keep him warm, Dr.
Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said,
He was very fortunate.”

Bob said he was
They are truly heroes!

（
1
）
What happened to Bob on New Year's Eve?

A. He left his dog alone in his farmhouse. B. He was praised for saving a dog owner.

C. He broke his neck and couldn't move.
D. He heard his neighbor's shouting for help.

（
2
）
Why did Kelsey keep barking?

A. To keep warm.
B. To stay alive.
C. To keep Bob awake.
D. To seek help from others.

（
3
）
How does Dr. Chaim Colen feel about Kelsey?

A. Helpful. B. Fortunate. C. Grateful. D. Friendly.

（
4
）
What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. A Neck-breaking Accident B. The Magic Night

C. Warmth on a Winter's Night
D. Determination to Keep Alive

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙 文，讲述了一只名叫
Kelsey
的狗在那个夜晚为受伤的作
者寻求帮助，并救了作者 的命，带给作者温暖。并因此像个英雄般受到表扬。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow
and
broke
his
neck.”
挽救了在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人；以及第三段中的
“After
the
accident, he was unable to move in the sno
w. ”
事故发生后，在雪中他不能动。故选
C
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的
“When
he
finally
lost
consciousness,
his
dog
kept
barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6:30 p.m. on New Year's
Day
and
called
the
emergency
services
at
once .”
当他最终失去知觉时，他的狗不停地叫。最
后，
Bob
的邻居听到了狗叫 在新年那天下午六点半发现了他，并且立刻给急救部门打电
话。可知狗一直叫是为了向他人求助，故选< br>D
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的
“However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't
have
any
frostbite
(
冻疮
).
They
believed
it was
because
of
Kelsey's
determination
to
keep
him
warm.”
但是，医生惊讶地发现他没有冻伤。他们认为是因为

Kelsey
让他保持温暖的决心。
可知
Chaim Colen
认为
Kelsey
帮助很大，故选
A
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了一只名叫
Kelsey
的
5
岁的小狗帮助在雪
中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人，在寒冷的除夕夜为主人取暖，挽救了 主人的生命，故
C
符合做
文章标题，故选
C
。

【 点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生在捕 捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案 。


5
．
阅读理解


A
12-year-old
with
end
stage
cancer,
the
child's
parents
had
recently
moved
her
from
the
hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girl's breath quickened,
and her father phoned the family's hospice nurse. Please come, he said.

The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in
each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don't we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The
father agreed, and they connected.

The nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the
child's shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you, and the father would
explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl --- the nurse on her computer, the father his
iPad. Together they decided that the nurse's presence was not necessary, that the child had more
time.

Later, the father reported feeling comforted by the nurse. He appreciated her availability, the
fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.

Telemedicine has become a trend in America. Some hospitals have gone so far as to specially
design telemedicine clinics. The room is staged like an office but with better lighting. There's a
nice
desk
for
the
clinician
to
sit
behind,
a
computer
situated
stage
left,
and
books
in
the
background.
A
physician
taking
a
video
call
from
home
might
wear
a
pair
of
headphones,
equipped with a mic --- to ensure whatever the patient says isn't broadcast to anyone off-camera.

However, there is something more than the technology bit. According to David, the head of the
telemedicine
pilot
the
girl's
family
had
been
part
of,
there
are
some
people
who
are
great
in
person and you put them on camera they're a dead fish. “Some physicians are c
amera shy. For
others, the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.


“My experience is that, once you get past some initial hurdles, you can maintain an intimate,
immediate connection with patients that in some cases may be more useful than even in-person
interactions,” David says.

（
1
）
Why did the nurse suggesting connecting via FaceTime?

A. Because she was not allowed to leave her clinic. B. Because she had to take care of other
patients in the clinic.

C. Because it took too much time on her way to patient's home. D. Because the father didn't
pay for her fare of transportation.

（
2
）
How did the father think of the telemedicine service?

A. He doubted the quality of the service. B. He thought highly of the service.

C. He insisted the service be improved. D. He challenged the authority of the nurse.

（
3
）
What do we know about the rooms for telemedicine?

A. Better air conditioners are provided for a comfortable environment. B. Mics are equipped
to protect privacy of patients.

C. Professional books are in place for immediate consultation. D. The room with a computer
is situated in the doctor's home.

（
4
）
What challenges may clinicians face in telemedicine?

A. They are afraid of being isolated from patients. B. They could not examine the patients
carefully.

C. They
are
required
to
deal
with
in- person
interactions.
D. They
may
not
feel
quite
themselves in front of a camera.

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，介绍了远程医疗已经成为美国的一种趋势．有些医
院甚至专门设计了远程医疗诊所。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“The nurse knew the visit would require more than four
hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don't we
connect over FaceTime, she asked.”
可知，护士建议通 过视频通话是因为需要太多的时间她才
能到达病人的家。故选
C
。

（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could
see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.”
可知，这位父亲感激这位护士的帮
助，感激护士可以看到他看见的并和 他进行实时讨论，因此推断这位父亲高度赞扬这样的
服务。故选
B
。

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“equipped
with
a
mic
---
to
ensure
whatever
the
patient says isn't broadcast to anyone off-
camera.”
可知，远程治疗室配备 了麦克风确保病人的
隐私。故选
B
。

（
4
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“…there are some people who are great in person
and you put them on came
ra they're a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others,
the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.
可知，一些内科医
生在镜头面前是害羞的。因此 推断在远程诊疗时，医生在镜头面前会感到不舒服。故选
D
。

【点评】本题 考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，根据上 下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


6
．
阅读理解


How
much
television
do
you
watch?
Did
you
really
give
an
honest
answer?
A
recent
study
shows that people aren't totally truthful about their television-watching habits.


The
study
in
question
was
conducted
at
Ball
State
University
in
the
US.
Researchers
there
wanted to find out how much television people view according to their age. The study was paid
for by a council associated with the Nielsen Company, which determines television ratings. The
conclusions were that people spend more than 8 hours a day looking at a screen. This included
cell phones and computers
，
but the majority were television screens.

There are three interesting things about this study. The first is that people are exposed to more
than
one
hour
of
advertisements
per
day.
The
second
is
that
even
with
access
to
DVDs
and
internet videos, television is still the most popular media source. The third is that the amount of
screen-watching people do is relatively the same from the ages of 18-65.

So, if everyone is watching television, why lie about it? Well, if someone admits they watch
television for five or six hours, they could be considered a couch potato. Michael Phillips, one of
the
study's
main
researchers,
says,
“There's
a
social
stigma
for
people
who
watch
too

much
television. Sometimes, however, watching the latest reality show or the funniest sitcom gives co-
workers and friends fun things to talk about.”

Even if you do watch a lot of television, perhaps we can use this study as a reason to be honest
with
ourselves
about
how
much
time
we
spend
in
front
of
the
television.
I
mean,
after
all,
everyone else is doing it...

（
1
）
Why do people lie about how much TV they watch?

A. Because the show they watched is not the latest.
B. Because they may be laughed at by
co- workers or friends.

C. Because
they
don't
want
others
to
know
what
they
watched.
D. Because
there's
something negative attached to watching too much TV.

（
2
）
Which of the following is true according to the study?

A. The
most
popular
media
source
is
the
internet.
B. 18-year-olds
watch
more
TV
than
someone in their 60s.

C. People are exposed to over than an hour of advertisement a day.
D. Researchers say that
people watch over 8 eight hours of television a week.

（
3
）
How could people feel to be considered as a couch potato?

A. comfortable B. ashamed C. excited D. satisfied

（
4
）
What idea does the author mainly want to express with the article?

A. what the effects of watching TV are.
B. how much television we should watch every day.

C. there are some interesting facts of watching TV.
D. people lie about how much television
they watch.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者分析了人们瞒报看电视的时间的原因。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“There's
a
social
stigma
for
people

who
watch
too
much
television.
”
可知看太多电视，被认为不光彩，由此推知，看电视太多与消极的东西联
系在一起， 故选
D
。

(2)
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“The first is that people are exposed to more than one hour
of advertisements per day.”
可知人们每天被暴露在广告下的时间超过一小时，故选
C
。

(3)
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“There's
a
social
stigma
for
pe
ople
who
watch
too
much
television.
”
可知看太多电视，被认为不光彩，由此推知当一个人被认为是一个成天看
电视的人， 他会感觉很羞耻，故选
B
。

(4)
考查主旨大意。根据全文的主题句
“A recent study shows that people aren't totally truthful
about
their
television-
watching habits.”
可知这篇文章主要讲了人们瞒报看电视的时间，作者
对其中的原因进行了 分析，故选
D
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个 题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳 ，从而选出正
确答案。



7
．
阅读理解

From the loss of wildlife to rising sea levels, we're all well aware of the problems that climate
change could cause.


But
while
it
may
seem
like
such
issues
won't
affect
most
of
us
directly
，
it
looks
like
future
generations could grow up without something that many of us now take for granted: chocolate.

According to an essay published by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
changes
to
the
climate
in
the
regions
that
produce
cacao
-
the
plant
from
which
chocolate
is
produced - may mean that it will soon become extinct.

Most of the world's cacao grows in countries close to the equator
，
with over half of it growing
in the African nations of Ghana and Ivory Coast.

It's predicted that by 2050, climate change will have accelerated the rate at which temperatures
in these countries rise, making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there.


The
problem
doesn't
lie
in
increased
heat,
however
，
but
in
lower
humidity
(
湿度
)
，
as
it's
believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.


“In other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants, it's unlikely
that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture (
含水量
) loss,” Michon Scott, the essay's
author, wrote.


To
help
fight
this
problem,
researchers
from
Berkeley
University
in
the
US
are
working
on
changing
the
DNA
of
cacao
plants
to
allow
them
to
survive
in
dryer
conditions
by
using
gene
editing technology, according to US News.


In
the
meantime,
US
company
Mars,
one
of
the world's
biggest
manufacturers
of
chocolate
products,
announced
in
January
that
it
would
spend
$$1
billion
to
help
reduce
the
effects
of
climate change.


“This is a world issue, and it requires everyone to work together,” Mars spokesperson Barry
Parkin told Business Insider.

The message here is that if we all do our part, we may be able to prevent some of the worst
impacts of climate change. Or if we're unlucky, chocolate will become a thing of the past.

（
1
）
What could make it hard for cacao to survive around the equator in the future?

A. The increased heat there.
B. The higher humidity there.

C. The decrease in rainfall there.
D. The moisture loss in the soil there.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word “offset” in the seventh paragraph mean?

A. hold back
B. make up for
C. protect
D. accept

（
3
）
What will US company Mars do to help cacao survive?

A. It will work hard to plant cacao in greenhouses.
B. It will apply gene editing technology in
planting cacao.

C. It will give financial support to help fight climate change.
D. It will develop cacao that can
survive in dryer conditions.

（
4
）
What may be the best title of this text?

A. Chocolate could become history
B. Work together to fight climate change

C. How do we grow cacao in the future? D. How do cacao plants affect climate change?

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，未来由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可
能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第七段中的
“‘In
other
words,
as
higher
temperatures
squeeze
more
water out of soil and plants, it's unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture
(
含水量
)
loss,’
Michon
Scott,
the
essay's
author,
wrote.”
可知未来赤道附近的可可 树很难存
活，是因为那里土壤中水分的流失，故选
D
。

(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的
“The
problem
doesn't
lie
in
increased
heat,
however
，
but
in
lower
humidity
(
湿度
)
，
as
it's
believed
that
rainfall
will
stay
at
the
same
level
if
the
temperature rises.
可知
In other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil
and plants, it's unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture (
含水量
) los
s”
的
意思是换句话说，高 温带走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降雨量的增长不足以抵消水量的
流失，所以
“offset ”
的意思是弥补，抵消，故选
B
。

(3)
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“In
the
meantime,
US
company
Mars,
one
of
the
world's biggest manufacturers of chocolate products, announced in January that it would spend
$$1 billion to help reduce t
he effects of climate change.”
可知美国的火星巧克力公 司给予财政支
援，用来帮助对抗气候的变化，故选
C
。

(4)考查主旨大意。本文主要讲了未来由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可能会灭
绝，所以巧克 力有可能会成为历史，故选
A
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测 和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文 的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。



8
．
阅读理解


One
of
the
most
striking
findings
of
a
newly
research
in
the
UK
is
that
of
the
people
interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a
family with.


Why
are
many
finding
it
increasingly
difficult
to
start
close
relationships?
Does
modem
life
really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the
case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no
longer rely upon partners for money or status. A man doesn't expect his wife to be in (
唯一的
)
charge of running his household and raising his children.

But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it
takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.

In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago,
your
choice
of
soul
mate
was
limited
by
geography,
social
convention
and
family
tradition.
Although it was never clear
，
many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have
been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any
given evening. When the world is your oyster (
牡蛎
), you surely have a better chance of finding a
pearl.


But
it
seems
that
the
old
conventions
have
been
replaced
by
the
limitations
of
choice.
The
expectations of partners are raised to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary,
kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression.

We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isn't, it should be ended. We work to protect
ourselves against future heartache and don't put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a
strong relationship. Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating difficult. The
cost of housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and Career before a life
partnership.

（
1
）
What is a contemporary family like in UK today?

A. Couples share the burdens. B. Men begin to depend on women.

C. Women are responsible for housework. D. It is difficult to take care of a family.

（
2
）
Why do people preserve their independence?

A. To live alone happily.
B. To have more choices.

C. To avoid marriages.
D. To ignore traditions.

（
3
）
What makes it hard for people to date?

A. Mental headache in dating. B. The pressure to survive.

C. Bad luck in finding a partner. D. The faith between life partners.

（
4
）
What is the author trying to inform us in this text?

A. Perfect marriages conflict with independence.

B. People should, spend more money on marriages.

C. The expectations and reality separate the lovers.

D. Independence is much more important than love.

【答案】
（
1
）
A

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本人是一篇说明 文，美国最新的一项问卷调查发现，
50%
的人觉得找到
相伴一生的另一半很困难，作 者从工作经济压力以及对配偶要求过高等因素进行了分析。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Women no long
er rely upon partners for economic security
or status. A man doesn't expect his wife to be in sole (
唯一的
) charge of running his household
and
raising
his
children.”
可知现在 的女子在经济上独立，男子也不能指望女子负责所有的家
务和养孩子。说明现在是夫妻双方共同承担负担 。故选
A
。

(2)
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“But perhaps the kno
wledge that we can live perfectly well
without
a
partnership
means
that
it
takes
much
more
to
persuade
people
to
abandon
their
independence.”
可知，人们认为独自生活也很好这种观念 使得人们不愿意放弃他们的独立生
活。故选
A
。

(3)
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“Twelve
-hour
work
at
the
office
makes
relaxed
after-
hours
dating(
约会
)
difficult.”
可知
12
小时的工作使得人们约会变得很困难，繁忙的工作花费
了人们太多的精力。故选
B。

(4)
考查主旨大意。文章主要分析现在的人们为什么很难找到生活伴侣，其 原因可能主要是
对对方的期望过高以及经济压力较大的现实。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象
类阅读，考 生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出
正确答案。



9
．
阅读理解



Anxiety
has
now
surpassed
depression
as
the
most
common
mental
health
disease
among
college
students,
though
depression,
too,
is
on
the
rise.
More
than
half
of
students
visiting
campus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern, according to a recent study of more than 100,000
students nationwide by the Center for Collegiate Mental Health at Penn State. Nearly one in six
college
students
has
been
diagnosed
with
or
treated
for
anxiety
within
the
last
12
months,
according to the annual national survey by the American College Health Association.


The
causes
range
widely,
experts
say,
from
mounting
academic
pressure
at
earlier
ages
to
overprotective parents to engagement with social media. Anxiety has always played a role in the
development of a student's life, but now more students experience anxiety so acute that they are
seeking professional help. Like many college clinics, the Center for Counseling and Psychological
Services
at
the
University
of
Central
Florida
(UCF)
—

one
of
the
country's
largest
and
fastest-
growing
universities,
has
seen
sharp
increases
in
the
number
of
clients: 15.2
percent
over
last
year alone.

Anxiety has become characteristic of the current generation of college students, said Dan Jones,
the director of Counseling and Psychological Services at Appalachian State University in Boone, N.
C. Because of increasingly pressures during high school, he and other experts say, students arrive
at college preloaded with stress. Accustomed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable
to
govern
themselves.
And
with
parents
so
accessible,
students
have
had
less
incentive
to
develop life skills. “They can't tolerate discomfort or having to struggle,” Dr Jones said.

More often, anxiety is mild and temporary, the indication of a student under the control of a
normal developmental issue-learning time management, for example, or how to handle rejection
from a sorority. Mild anxiety is often treatable with early, modest interventions. But to care for
rising
numbers
of
severely
troubled
students,
many
counseling
centers
have
moved
to
triage
protocols (
分诊措施
). That means that students with less urgent needs may wait several weeks
for first appointments.


Like
many
college
counseling
centers,
UCF
has
designed
a
variety
of
daily
workshops
and
therapy groups that implicitly and explicitly address anxiety, depression and their triggers. Next
fall the center will test a new app for treating anxiety with a seven-module cognitive behavioral
program, accessible through a student's phone and augmented with brief videoconferences with
a therapist. It also offers semester-long, 90-
minute weekly therapy groups, such as “Keeping Calm
and
in
Control”,
“Mindfulness
for
Depression”
and
“Building
Social
Confidence”
-for
students
struggling with social anxiety.

（
1
）
Which of the following contributes to anxiety according to the text?


A. Protection from teachers. B. An app in students' phones.

C. Increasingly learning pressure. D. Management of time learning.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?


A. Prevention.
B. Motivation.
C. Acquisition.
D. Direction.

（
3
）
What's the purpose of those therapy groups mentioned in the last paragraph?


A. To help students suffering anxiety.

B. To test what social anxiety is.

C. To introduce the cognitive behavioral program of UCF.

D. To emphasize the importance of calm and confidence.

（
4
）
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?


A. Tips on dealing with anxiety

B. Causes of anxiety and depression

C. Different mental diseases threaten college students

D. College mental health centers overburdened with anxious students

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章 分析
焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。


（
1
）细节理解题。根据第二段内容
The
causes
range
widely,
experts
say,
from
mounting
academic
pressure
at
earlier
ages
to
overprotective
parents
to
engagement
with
social
media
（专 家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交
媒体的强迫性依赖） 可知，
C
项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选
C
。

（
2
）词义猜测题。根据上句内容
Accustomed
to
extreme
parental
oversight,
many
seem
unable
to
govern
themselv es.
（很多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能
力。）故这里递进的句子And
with
parents
so
accessible,
students
have
had
less
incentive
to
develop
life
skil ls.
（
由
于
家
长
总
在
身
边，
学
生
们
普
遍
缺
乏
学
习独
立
生
活
技
能
的
________
。 ），
B
项
“
动力
”
最符合语境，故划线单词意思为
“
动力
”
，选
B
。

（
3
）细节 理解题。根据本段表述的内容：像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样，
U.C.F.
也设置
了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。明
年秋天，该中心 将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用程序进行测试，学生可以
通过手机获取该应用，并可与治 疗师进行简短的视频谈话。故这些治疗小组的目的时为了
帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。故选
A。

（
4
）主旨大意题。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了焦虑症已经成为美 国大学生中最常见心理
问题，大学的心理咨询中心已经超负荷，故选
D
作为标题最合适 。


10
．
阅读理解

If you're showering every day, you're probably over doing it. In fact, showering too often can
actually hurt your body in the long run.

As Time's public health column explains, daily showers are common due to social norms more
than
any
proper
health
need.
We
connect
being
freshly
showered
with
being
attractive
and
pleasing, so we tend to showering often to feel better.

But what's the ideal shower frequency? In terms of your health
—
not how you look or smell
—

probably
once
or
twice
a
week,
assistant
professor
of
dermatology
at
George
Washington
University, Dr. C. Brandon Mitchell says. “Your body is naturally a well
-
oiled machine,” he says. “A
daily shower isn't necessary.”

Of course, your situation may vary. If you have a job like car maintenance or construction, you'll
obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you work
out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be smelly. If
you feel like you need to take daily showers for aesthetic
（审美的）
reasons, at least make most
of them light showers. “I tell patients who shower daily not to soap their whole bodies,” Mitchell
says. Hit your pits, butt and groin, which are the areas that produce strong smells. The rest of
your body doesn't need much soaping, he says.

Too much time spent under the hot water can dry out your skin, cause cracks
（裂纹）
that can
lead to infections or germs getting into your skin, and take away the natural oils on your skin that
help keep it healthy. So, even if you're aiming to be your most presentable, be sure to keep it
moderate to avoid hurting your skin in the long run.

（
1
）
According to the passage, why do most people shower daily?

A. To meet health need. B. To wash off dirt.

C. To add to attraction.
D. To get relaxation.

（
2
）
Which of the following people might be advised to shower once or twice a week?

A. Office staff
B. Car maintainer
C. Building workers
D. Gym-goers

（
3
）
The
underlined
phrase
“light
showers”
in
Para

.
4
refers
to
the
showers
in
which
________.

A. bright lights are equipped B. a little soaping is involved

C. gentle skin touches are allowed D. less hot water is used

（
4
）
What is the best title for the text?

A. Showering Daily Becomes a Custom
B. Daily Shower Does No Good to You

C. Protect Your Skin When Showering D. You Probably Needn't Shower Daily

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体健康有害。如果不是
每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作， 普通人一周洗一两次澡足够了。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“We
connect
being
freshly
showered
with
being
attractive
and pleasing, so w
e tend to showering often to feel better.”
可知多数人每天淋浴是为了增加吸
引力，故选
C
。

(2)
考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“If
you
have
a
job
like
car
maintenance
or
construction,
you'll obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you
work out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be
smelly. ”
可知每天身上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作，才需要每天洗澡，故选
A
。< br>
(3)
考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“‘I
tell
patients
who
shower
daily
not
to
soap
their
whole
bodies,’
Mitchell
says.
Hit
your
pits,
butt
and
gr
oin,
which
are
the
areas
that
produce
strong
smells. The rest of your body doesn't need much soaping, he says.
可知
‘light showers’”指的是只
在一些部位涂肥皂，而全身不需要太多肥皂，故选
B
。

(4)
考查主旨大意。本文主要讲了从长远来看，每天淋浴对身体健康有害。如果不是每天身
上都会沾污垢或是每天都出很多汗的工作，普通人一周洗一两次澡足够了。所以选
B
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇健康 类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归 纳，从而选出正确答案。



11
．
阅读理解

The annual World Economic Forum (
经济论坛
) took place in Davos, Switzerland, in Jan 23 -26,
2018. What did Chinese entrepreneurs (
企业家
) speak in the forum? Are there some quotable
quotes for you?

Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of Alibaba Group


“I
think
globalization
cannot
be
stopped
---
no
one
can
stop
globalization,
no
one
can
stop
trade. If trade stops, the world stops. Trade is the way to dissolve
the war not cause the war,”said
Ma
in
Davos,
“Google,
Facebook,
Amazon
and
Alibaba
we
are
the
luckiest
companies
of
this
century. But we have the responsibility to have a good heart, and do something good.”

Richard Liu, founder and chief executive officer of JD


“Business
is
not
only
a
way
to
make
money
but
also
a
way
to
contribute
yourself,
to
help
people,” Liu said in a speech in Davos.”How can we face the fractured (
分化的
) world? That's the
topics of the Davos this year. I think a very important thing in business is cooperation. If we can
unite, work together, (if) we work very closely, I think we can bring more hope to the people and
we can build more trust between the people, countries and companies and partners,” he said.

Jane Sun, CEO of Ctrip


“Tourism is a sunrise industry. Since I entered Ctrip, every year there are new comers, which,
first of all, shows that tourism is booming.” Sun told in Davos. “We invested heavily in
ABC. A refers to AI, B is big data, and C is cloud computing. As we continue to expand overseas,
these three will be very good weapons for us. So we think those mean opportunity,” she said.

Hu Xiaoming, president of Aliyun


“In 2018, people will see the development in various countries more closely connec
ted with
cloud
computing.
More
manufacturing
enterprises
and
financial
institutions
will
start
to
use

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