-郜国公主

2021年1月23日发(作者：肉笔春画)
高二英语阅读理解试题
(
有答案和解析
)
及解析


一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解

Regardless of how far we'd like to believe gender(
性别
) equality in the workplace has come,
there's still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018
statistic
shows
that
women
nowadays
hold
just
5.8
percent
of
CEOs
positions
at
S&P
500
companies, according to Catalyst.


While
it's
not
a
huge
shock
that
women
are
somewhat
underrepresented
in
leadership
positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead
in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.

In their research
，
Professor yvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (
调查
)2,900
managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher
than men in four of the five major leadership- centric categories.

While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders
—
probably because they
picture
a
leader
with
a
commanding
voice,
which
is
more
typical
of
men
than
women
—

this
piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal- setting,
openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.


There
was
one
area
in
which
men
scored
higher
than
women,
though,
and
that
was
on
emotional
stability
and
ability
to
face
job-related
pressure
and
stress.
The
results
suggest
that
women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.


Obviously
，
it's
important
to
consider
individual(
个人的
)
differences.
Anyone,
regardless
of
gender,
may
be
an
inspiring
leader
and
a
competent
boss.
But
next
time
you're
hiring
for
a
management position, you just might want to give the resumes(
简历
) from female candidates a
harder look.

（
1
）
What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?

A. Women are worse than men.
B. Men take almost all high positions.

C. There is a huge gap between genders.
D. Women might behave better in every field.

（
2
）
Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ''inherently” in paragraph 4?

A. properly B. potentially C. naturally D. normally

（
3
）
Which of the following may be the best title of this text?

A. How We Can Figure Out The Boss. B. Why Women Are Better Than Men.

C. Why Women Make The Best Bosses. D. How We Can Tell Gender Difference.

（
4
）
Who might have special interest in this article?

A. Job hunters. B. Employers. C. Employees. D. Male bosses.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位存在不平
等现象，作者指出在领导位置上，女性可能在各个 领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗
位员工时应多考虑女性。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“what
is
surprising
though,
is
the
fact
that
females
may
actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the
BI
Norwegian
Business
School.”
可知让人惊讶的 是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表
现更好。故选
D
。

(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“While
some
people
believe
that
men
inherently
make
better leaders
—
probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more
typical
of
men
than
women”
可知人们认为男性自然能成 为更好的领导者，划线词是自然
地。故选
C
。

(3)
考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的
“this
pi
ece
of
research
suggests
that
women
are
better
at
methodical
management
and
goal-setting,
openness,
sociability
and
supportiveness,
as
well
as
ability
to
communicate
clearly.”可知本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此
“
为什么女性是最
好的老板
”
符合题意。故选
C
。

(4)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“But next time you're
hiring for a management position,
you just might want to give the resumes(
简历
) from female candidates a harder look.”
下次你雇
佣管理岗位员工时，得知雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故 选
B
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四 个题型的考查，是一
篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关 系，
进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。



2
．
阅读理解



Whether
you
are
a
national
or
an
international
student,
we
welcome
you
to
Middletown
University.
Our
reputation
is
built
on
providing
high-quality
education
in
both
academic
and
vocational (
职业的
) subjects. As well as priding ourselves on our traditional face-to-face learning,
we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning courses.

What do they cost?


Costs
for
our
coursers
vary
considerably.
Click
on
each
department's
homepage
for
more
information. Scholarships and bursaries an available for certain courses, particularly for those in
the sciences and education.

SAMPLE COURSE OVERVIEW

BA in English Language and Literature

The main purpose of this course is to develop your ability to describe, analyze and manipulate
features
of
the
English
language,
and
to
see
how
these
are
expressed
in
literature.
As
well
as
taking core modules which cover these areas, students will be able to specialize in their fields of
interest.

Duration: three-year course

Course: Choose 12 out of 20 modules.

Weekly timetable: eight hours of lectures/four hours of seminars

Assessment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word dissertation at the end of the third year

Requirements: academic experience and interest in the subject; good school-exam grades

Diploma in teaching

In the first term, you will learn about the theory of teaching and how to be an effective teacher.
In the second term, you will also begin teaching in a school. The third term is completely practical.

Duration: one-year course

Course: Choose six out of ten modules (three are compulsory).

Weekly timetable: six hours of lectures/ two hours of seminars/ six hours of classroom teaching

Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation

Requirement: first degree in specific subject area

（
1
）
What is Middletown University famous for?

A. Academic and vocational education.
B. Traditional teaching methods.

C. Distance- learning courses.
D. Face-to-face communication.

（
2
）
What do the two sample courses have in common?

A. They both last for three years.

B. They both require students to hand in essays.

C. They both offer total freedom to choose modules.

D. They both favor students with interest in the subject.

（
3
）
What is the main purpose of the text?

A. To advertise certain online courses.

B. To stress the need for distance learning.

C. To introduce distance-learning techniques.

D. To suggest a way of pursuing further education.

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应 用文，一所大学就该校最近开设的在线课程就行了简单的
介绍，包括课程目的，时长，评价，要求等。< br>

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
”Our
reputation
is
built
on
providing
high
-quality
education in both academic and vocational (
职业的
) subj ects.“
可知，这所大学因为在学术和职
业课程上提供高质量的教学而获得名誉，即它以高 质量的学术和职业教学而出名。故选
A
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
BA
in
English
Language
and
Literature
部分中的
”
Assessment:
essays, exams and an 8,000-
word dissertation at the end of the third year“
和
Diploma in teaching
部分中的
”
Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation“
可知这两门课程的共
同点是都需要提 交文章。故选
B
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
”
As well as priding ou
rselves on our traditional face- to-
face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-
learning courses.“
我们在提 供传
功课程的同时也提供了大量的在线课程，以及下文所叙述的两种课程的课程内容，时长，
评 价和要求等，可推测本文的主要目的是为一些在线课程打广告。故选
A
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需
要准确 捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


3
．
阅读理解


Dogs love to get out and stretch their legs, which not only helps to keep them in shape, but
enables them to keep the extra pounds off. Pet hiking has been popular recently, getting dogs off
the sidewalk.

Three years ago, Denver resident Brittany Redding was stressed out, working 60 hours a week
while studying in graduate school full-time. The only thing that helped was taking her four dogs
hiking.
2016, she founded Take a Hike. Her company, like a number of others around the country, takes
dogs to explore beyond the neighborhood.

Before taking on the tracks, Brittany meets with each dog and his or her owner to get a sense
of
the
pet's
character.
Then
she
schedules
a
meet-and- greet
with other
dogs
that
will
join
the
hike
to
be
sure
to
match
their
personalities.
Each
hiking
is
about
two
hours
long
and
includes
transportation to and from the track for around $$70 per outing.
friends and explore new tracks, smells, and wildlife,

Michael Mizenko thinks sending his pet, Ajax, on weekly hikes with Take a Hike has made Ajax a
happier dog. Over the past two years, hiking has taught Ajax how to stay off pavement, be more
social and remain calm in the car.

（
1
）
Why has pet hiking been popular in these days?

strongly desire their owners to go hiking.

health specialists recommend people to do it.

is beneficial for pets' shape and health.

owner's house is not big enough for dogs.

（
2
）
What is the second paragraph mainly talking about?

Brittany founded Take a Hike.

hard the study life of Brittany was.

a Hike is very popular in the neighborhood.

hiking has brought great enjoyment to Brittany.

（
3
）
What does Brittany want to make sure before taking her customers' dogs to go hiking?

distance of the track.

character of each dog.

environment of the track.

emotions of both dogs and their owners.

（
4
）
How often does Michael Mizenko send his pet to hike with Take a Hike?

day.

a week.

a week.

other week.

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，宠物徒步旅行变得很流行，这对宠物的身形 和健
康有好处。丹佛居民
Brittany Redding
创立了
Take a Hike
公司，专门负责带着宠物狗去徒步
旅行。


（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“Dogs love to get out and stretch their legs, which not
only helps to keep them in shape, but enables them to keep the extra pounds off. Pet hiking has
been
popular
recently,
getting
dogs
off
the
sidewalk.”
狗喜欢到外面伸展腿部，这不仅有助 于
保持体形，还可以减少多余的体重。因此带宠物徒步旅行变得很流行的原因在于它对宠物
的身 形和健康有好处。故选
C
。


（
2
）考查段落大意。根据第二段
“Three
years
ago,
Denver
resident
Brittany
Redding
was
stressed out, working 60 hours a week while studying in graduate school full-time. The only thing
that helped was taking her four dogs hiking. ‘That's when it hit me that I should do that as a job.’
she ways. After graduating in June 2016, she founded Take a Hike. Her company, like a number of
others around the country, takes dogs to explore beyond the neighborhood.”
可知，三年前丹佛
居民
Brittany < br>Redding
在全日制研究生院学习的同时每周还要工作
60
个小时，这使她 感到
压力重重。只有一件事能够让她感到放松：带她的四只狗徒步旅行。就在那时她想到她应
该 把带狗徒步旅行当作自己的工作。于是

2016
年
6
月毕业后，她创立了
Take
a
Hike
公
司。因此第二段主要谈论的是
Brittany Redding
创立
Take a Hike
公司的原因。故选
A
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Before taking on the tracks, Brittany meets with each
dog and his or her owner to get a sense of the pet's chara cter.”
可知，在开始徒步旅行之前，
Brittany
与每只狗及其主人见面以 了解宠物的性格。即
Brittany
要在带上顾客的狗去远足之
前了解每只狗的性格 。故选
B
。


（
4
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“Mi
chael
Mizenko
thinks
sending
his
pet,
Ajax,
on
weekly hikes with Take a Hike has made Ajax a happier dog.”
可知，
Michael Mizenko
认为，每
周一次的徒步旅 行使他的宠物
Ajax
变得更快乐。因此
Michael
Mizenko
每周将宠物送到
Take a Hike
公司参加一次徒步旅行。故选
B
。


【点评】本 题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报
道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息 的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


4
．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）中，选出最佳选项。



A
large
body
of
research
has
been
developed
in
recent
years
to
explain
many
aspects
of
willpower. Most of the researchers exploring self-control do so with an obvious goal in mind: How
can willpower be strengthened? If willpower is truly a limited resource, as the research suggests,
what can be done to make it stay strong?

Avoiding temptation (
诱惑
) is an effective method for maintaining self-control, which is called
the
attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks, in plain sight.

The research
suggesting
that
we
possess
a
limited
reservoir
of
self-control raises
a
troubling
question. When we face too many temptations, are we to fail? Not necessarily. Researchers don't
believe that one's willpower is ever completely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some
willpower in reserve, saved for future demands. The right motivation allows us to tap into those
reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down. High
motivation might help overcome weakened willpower-at least to a point.

Willpower may also be made less vulnerable (
脆弱
) to being exhausted in the first place.

Researchers who study self-control often describe it as being like a muscle that gets tired with
heavy
use.
But
there
is
another
aspect
to
the
muscle
comparison,
they
say.
While
muscles
become exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the
long term. Similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strength.

The evidence from willpower-exhaustion studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions
on
New
Year's
Eve
is
the
worst
possible
approach.
Being
exhausted
in
one
area
can
reduce
willpower
in other
areas,
so
it
makes more
sense
to
focus
on
a
single
goal
at
a
time.
In other
words, don't try to quit smoking, adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same
time. Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, Baumeister says,
you'll
no
longer
need
to
draw
on
your
willpower
to
maintain
the
behavior.
Eventually
healthy
habits will become routine, and won't require making decisions at all.

（
1
）
From the studies in the passage we learn that ________.

A. people have unlimited self-control
B. high motivation ensures one's success

C. willpower is hardly completely exhausted
D. too many temptations often lead to failure

（
2
）
The underlined phrase

A. make use of
B. run out of
C. build
D. increase

（
3
）
The author compares self
—
control to muscles ________.

A. to prove the long-term effect of willpower

B. to show the significance of regular exercise

C. to argue that self- control can he easily used up

D. to explain the benefits of practicing self- control

（
4
）
To develop a good habit, which of the following does the author prefer?

A.
B.

C.
D.

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议 论文，列举了关于意志力的几种研究和观点，作者认为有
了明确的目标，良好的自我监督和练习，就可以 在面对诱惑时使意志力保持坚强。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Researchers don't believe that one's willpower is ever
completely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future < br>demands.”
可知，研究人员不相信人的意志力会完全耗尽，他们还有备用的和为将来需求 节
省的意志力。所以从文章中的研究我们了解到意志力几乎没有完全丧失。故选
C
。< br>

（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的

right
motivation
allows
us
to
tap
into
those
reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down.
可知，
正确的动机使我们能够利用这些储备，即使我们的自我控 制能力已经被消耗殆尽，我们仍
然可以继续前进。所以通过上下文的语境，判断出

指利 用，与
make use of
同义。
故选
A
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“While
muscles
become
exhausted
by
exercise
in
the
short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices
of
self-
control
may
improve
willpower
strength.”
可知，虽然肌肉在短期内会因运动而疲惫 不
堪，但长期而言，它们会通过经常锻炼而增强。同样规律的自我控制可以提高意志力。两
者相 比是为了说明同一个道理：长期的锻炼和自我控制的好处。所以作者把自我控制比作
肌肉是为了解释自我 控制的好处。故选
D
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“Taking
goals
one
by
one
is
a
better
approach.
Once a good habit is in place, you'll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the
behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine, and won't require making decisions at
all.”
可知，作者认为一个 接一个的制定目标是一个更好的方法。一旦养成好习惯，你就不再
需要依靠意志力来维持自己的行为。最 终健康的习惯将成为惯例，而且不需要做任何决
定。所以
C
项

是先设 立目标，然后成为好习惯，作
者更喜欢这种目标。故选
C
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅
读，考生需 要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


5
．
阅读理解

Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in
Lenwood
Haddock's
case,
being
blind
works
to
his
advantage.
His
trained,
sensitive
hands
are
acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven
about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.


Lenwo
od lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career
has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed,
the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On
his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came
home
and
lay
down
to
sleep.
I
lift
weights,
but
I
wasn't
as
tough
as
I
thought
until
I
started
takes a lot of energy,
and you're standing up all day.”

In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (
窍门
) for the job. At first he worked on-site
at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he
had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.

There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he
realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his
shop.

The process
of weaving
a
hammock
involves
making and
catching
hundreds
of
loops
(
环
). A
single missed stitch (
织针
) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable
or
even
dangerous
to
use.
Experienced
weavers
miss
loops
sometimes,
but
to
his
company's
knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's
skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.

The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today,
it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.

However, Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the
rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect
product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits.

（
1
）
Lenwood stopped doing his first job because .

A. it was for people with good eyesight only
B. the company failed to go on with its business

C. the company didn't produce hammocks
D. he was not skilled at doing woodwork

（
2
）
It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood .

A. has been blind all through his life
B. used to work as a hunter to support his family

C. was
born
in
the
1950s
with
good
eyesight
D. has
worked
as
a
hammock
weaver
for
10
years

（
3
）
What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph?

A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock.
B. He had to make different
ropes before he wove a hammock.

C. He
had
to
stay
8
miles
away
from
the
worksite
to
complete
it.
D. He
needed
ropes
of
about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.

（
4
）
What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. the
success
of
the
Hammock
Source
Company
B. a
blind
craftsman
who
makes
perfect
hammocks

C. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand
D. how to become a successful craftsman

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇人物 传记，因故双目失明的美国人
Lenwood
，用其训练有
素，敏感的双手创造编织吊 床的奇迹。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“He
first
found
a
job
as
a
woodworker,
but
when
that
organization
closed,
the
North
Carolina
Division
of
Services
for
the
Blind
connected
him
with
Hatteras
Hammocks.”
可知，
Len wood
十八岁时失明，后来找到第一份工作，但他所在的
organization closed
，虽没说具体原因，但没有再继续经营下去，故选
B
。

(2)
考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的
“Lenwood
lost
his
sight
in
1973,
at
age
18,”Lenwood
在
1973
年十八岁时失明推算出 来的，也说明在（
1973-18=1955
）
1955
年之前他的眼睛是好
的。故选
C
。

(3)
考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“
he
realized
the
step
counter
on
his
phone
recorded
him
walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”
可知，
L enwood
所用的计步器显示，他在
店里织吊床总共来回行走
8
英里，由此 可推断出他在工作时经常走动。所以选
A
。

(4)
考查主旨大意。 全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人
Lenwood
，凭借自己的训练有素、敏感
的双手敏 锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步，编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出
错，而
Lenwo od
展示了一个个完美的吊床产品，创造了吊床编织的奇迹。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生在 准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，
选出正确答案。


6
．
阅读理解

Bike Share Toronto is the city's official bike share program, designed to give locals and visitors a
fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. There are 200
Bike
Share
Toronto
stations
and
2,000
bikes
across
the
city,
making
Bike
Share
the
most
accessible way to get around and explore.

How it works

Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system.

Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.

Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.

Return your bike to any station, and wait for the green light on the dock(
停靠点
)to make sure
it's locked.

Choose a plan

For visitors

Day Pass: $$7. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period.

3-Day Pass: $$15. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 72-hour period.

For locals

Monthly Pass: $$25. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a month.

Annual Membership: $$90. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a whole year. The Annual Membership
is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.

The first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the membership or pass price. Avoid extra
fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike out for
longer than 30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $$1.50 for the first 30 minutes over,
$$4 for the next 30 minutes, and $$7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.

Contact us


●Customer
Service: (855)898-2388


●Repair
Service: (855)-2378


●Corporation
Partners: (855)898-2398


●Employment
Opportunities: (855)898-2498

（
1
）
Which is the most suitable choice for locals in Toronto?

A. Day Pass
B. 3-Day Pass
C. Monthly Pass
D. Annual Membership

（
2
）
How much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?

A. $$5.5 B. $$9.5 C. $$12.5 D. $$15.5

（
3
）
For more information about working at Bike Share Toronto, contact it at _________.

A. (855)898-2399
B. (855)898-2378
C. (855)8989-2398
D. (855) 898-2498

（
4
）
Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A. A member can get a code or a key to the bike

B. Bike Share Toronto is a non-profit organization

C. Shared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles

D. The green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广 应用文，共享自行车多伦多是城市的官方自行车分享计
划，旨在为当地人和游客提供一个有趣，实惠和方 便的替代步行，出租车，公共汽车和地
铁．本文以此展开，讲述了共享自行车是怎样运行，使用，收费的 。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据文中
“The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto
and
other
frequent
riders”
一年一度 的会员是多伦多当地最好的交易和其他频繁的骑手。故
选
D
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据

be charged an extra $$1.50 for the first 30 minutes over $$4 for the next 30 minutes. and s7 for
each additional 30 minutes after that”
如果你保持自行车超过
30
分钟你将被一个额外的
1.50
美元的前
30
分钟
4
美元在接下来的
30
分钟
7
美元为每个额外的
30
分钟之后。所以超过
两小时
,
就是
1.5-4+7=12.5,
故选
C
。

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据
“Employment
Opp
ortunities:
(855)898-
2498”
就 业机会打（
855
）
898-2498
，故选
D
。

（
4
）考查细节理解。根据
“Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system.
Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.”
系统是怎
么工作的，成为一年一度的成员或买一天通过访问系统。附近找到一个可用的自行车
,
和搭
车的代码或使用你的解锁的关键成员，故选
A
。

【点评】本题 考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。要求考生准确捕捉细节
信息，结合题目要求，从而选 出正确答案。


7
．
阅读理解

A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her
owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.

The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year's Eve to collect
firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (
衬裤
), a
shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around -4
℃
.


After
the
accident,
he
was
unable
to
move
in
the
snow.
Fortunately,
Kelsey
came
to
his
assistance.


pm, Bob explained.
yell for help, but Kelsey didn't stop barking.

Kelsey's companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to
keep him awake.
knew I couldn't give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.


Bob
spent
20
hours
in
the
freezing
cold.
When
he
finally
lost
consciousness,
his
dog
kept
barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6:30 pm on New Year's
Day
and
called
the
emergency
services
at
once.
When
Bob
arrived
in
hospital,
his
body
temperature was below 21
℃
. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't have any
frostbite (
冻疮
). They believed it was because of Kelsey's determination to keep him warm, Dr.
Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said,
He was very fortunate.”

Bob said he was
They are truly heroes!

（
1
）
What happened to Bob on New Year's Eve?

A. He left his dog alone in his farmhouse. B. He was praised for saving a dog owner.

C. He broke his neck and couldn't move.
D. He heard his neighbor's shouting for help.

（
2
）
Why did Kelsey keep barking?

A. To keep warm.
B. To stay alive.
C. To keep Bob awake.
D. To seek help from others.

（
3
）
How does Dr. Chaim Colen feel about Kelsey?

A. Helpful. B. Fortunate. C. Grateful. D. Friendly.

（
4
）
What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. A Neck-breaking Accident B. The Magic Night

C. Warmth on a Winter's Night
D. Determination to Keep Alive

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙 文，讲述了一只名叫
Kelsey
的狗在那个夜晚为受伤的作
者寻求帮助，并救了作者 的命，带给作者温暖。并因此像个英雄般受到表扬。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow
and
broke
his
neck.”
挽救了在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人；以及第三段中的
“After
the
accident, he was unable to move in the snow. ”
事故发生后，在雪中他不能动。故选
C
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的
“When
he
finally
lost
consciousness,
his
dog
kept
barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6:30 p.m. on New Year's
Day
and
called
the
emergency
services
at
once .”
当他最终失去知觉时，他的狗不停地叫。最
后，
Bob
的邻居听到了狗叫 在新年那天下午六点半发现了他，并且立刻给急救部门打电
话。可知狗一直叫是为了向他人求助，故选< br>D
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的
“However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't
have
any
frostbite
(
冻疮
).
They
believed
it was
because
of
Kelsey's
determination
to
keep
him
warm.”
但是，医生惊讶地发现他没有冻伤。他们认为是因为

Kelsey
让他保持温暖的决心。
可知
Chaim Colen
认为
Kelsey
帮助很大，故选
A
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了一只名叫
Kelsey
的
5
岁的小狗帮助在雪
中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人，在寒冷的除夕夜为主人取暖，挽救了 主人的生命，故
C
符合做
文章标题，故选
C
。

【 点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生在捕 捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案 。


8
．
阅读理解

About aspirin:

Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous
medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable
to treat colds and flu- like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.

Who can take aspirin?

Adults and children over 16 years of age.

Who should not take aspirin?

Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.

Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.

People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.

How to take aspirin:

Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.

The recommended dose (
剂量
) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more
than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.


You
must
not
take
these
tablets
with
any
other
medicine
which
contains
any
aspirin
or
painkiller.

How to store aspirin:

Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.

Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.


Do
not
put
aspirin
in
the
bathroom
because
the
dampness
there
can
cause
it
to
lose
its
effectiveness.

Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.

Possible side effects:

Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common.
If these effects continue, contact your doctor.

Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur,
stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.

（
1
）
In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?

A. Stomachache. B. Fever. C. Breathlessness. D. Nosebleed.

（
2
）
How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day?

A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.

（
3
）
What type of writing is this text?

A. A hospital announcement. B. A medical report.

C. A doctor's suggestions list.
D. Medical instructions.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“It is also suitable to treat colds and flu
-like symptoms,
and to reduce a high temperature.”
可知，阿司匹林可以退烧，故选
B
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“The
recommended
d
ose
(
剂量
)
ranges
from
two
to
three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets in any 24 -
hour period.”
可知，每次
2 -3
片，一天不能超过
12
片，最多六次，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查主旨大意。本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项，因而是一篇药物
使用说明书，故选
D
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意 两个题型的考查，是一篇药物使用说明书，要
求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳， 从而选出正确答案。


9
．
阅读理解



America
is
well
known
for
being
a
melting
pot
of
different
ethnic
groups
and
cultures,
but
nowhere is this diversity more pronounced than in Queens, New York.


Here,
second-generation
Puerto
Ricans
live
alongside
third-generation
Greeks
and
first-
generation Koreans, all united by a common feeling of pride in their American identity. However,
they are also proud and curious about their ancestral roots. National Geographic's Genographic
Project,
also known
as
the Human
Family Tree,
set
out
to
trace
the
origins by examining
their
genetic
makeup
using
a
simple
DNA
test.
What
interested
them
more
was
something
that
intrigues us all: the history of our recent ancestry. One recurring theme among immigrants seems
to be the hard work and sacrifices that went into building a new life, and how their descendants
now feel a duty to honor that effort by working hard too. Here is one Queens resident's story.

Richard, 38

My great-grandfather Tomas came to America from Poland when he was fifteen. His mother
had died, and his father remarried. Tomas didn't like his stepmother, so he ran away to Belgium,
where he boarded a ship to America
—
without a ticket. Arriving in America with nothing, he got a
job on the railroads in California. Then one day he saw an announcement in a newspaper that
was read by immigrants. It was from his brother in New York who was also seeking his fortune in
America and was looking for him. Tomas got in touch and they had an emotional reunion in New
York, where Tomas subsequently settled. This is the story that my grandmother has passed down
to us, to my parents, and all my aunts and uncles. She is an amazing woman and I suppose: the
one
who
holds
us
all
together.
She's
actually
quite
forgetful
now,
but
she
never
forgets
family
details. What that has meant is that all of us have a strong family bond and a strong sense of
belonging to a group that has struggled and fought together to steered here.

（
1
）
What is special about Queens?

A. Conflicting ethnic minorities live here.

B. Many foreigners like to travel to this place.

C. The pronunciation varies from person to person.

D. Many different people and cultures are gathering here.

（
2
）
What does the

A. A sad experience.
B. A common subject.

C. An unknown topic.
D. An unusual quality.

（
3
）
Which of the following can best describe Tomas?

A. Brave and independent.
B. Tough and honest.

C. Talented and persistent. D. Kind and hard-working.

（
4
）
What can we know about the immigrants from the text?

A. They are ashamed of their roots.

B. They feel attached to their family.

C. They can't fit in with the new surroundings.

D. They are less interested in recent generations.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，美国是一个种族和文化的大熔炉，尽管移 民在
美国生活了几代，但他们仍对自己的祖辈感到骄傲和好奇。祖辈的努力和牺牲让他们有强
烈 的家庭归属感，也激励着他们更加努力。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“America
is
well
known
for
being
a
melting
pot
of
different
ethnic
groups
and
cultures,
but
nowhere
is
this
diversity
more
pronounced
than
in
Queens,
New
York.”
可知，美国是不同种族和文化的大熔 炉，但这种多样性在纽约的皇后区
最为明显，即：皇后区汇集了不同种族的人和文化。故选
D< br>。


（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“One

recurring
theme
among
immigrants
seems
to
be
the hard work and sacrifices that went into building a new life, and how their descendants now
feel a duty to honor that effort by working hard too.”
移民中
……
似乎是为了建立新生活他们所
付出的努力和牺牲，以及他们的后代应该感到有责任通过努力工作来纪念他 们的努力。联
系上下文，可知这是很多移民谈到的话题，故推测划线部分的意思是
“
一 个共同的主题
”
。
故选
B
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“so he ran away to Belgium, where he boarded a ship
to America
—
without a ticket. Arriving in America with nothing, he got a job on the railroads in
California.”
可知
Tomas
没有 买票一个人坐上了到美国的轮船，到了美国后身无分文在火车
站找了一份工作，这些体现了
To mas
的勇敢和独立。故选
A
。


（
4
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“What
interested
them
more
was
something
that
intrigues us all: the history of our recent ancestry.”
和最后一段中的
“She's actually quite forgetful
now,
but
she
never
forgets
family
details.
What
that
has
meant
is
that
all
of
us
have
a
strong
family bond and a strong sense of belonging to a group that has struggled and fought together to
steered
here.”
可知美国移民对他们祖辈的历史更感兴趣；
R ichard
的祖母忘不了家庭细节意
味着他们有强烈的家庭纽带和归属感，即这些移民看重家 庭以及对家庭的依恋。故选
B
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解 ，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟
类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上 下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


10
．
阅读理解

The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains
have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect
on our ancestors' survival compared to positive things like food or shelter. As a result, you likely
know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy?

Research suggests that our level of happiness depends partly on factors we cannot control
—
our genes and our life circumstances. But our level of happiness is also shaped by the choices we
make. If you've been chasing wealth, fame, good looks, material things and power, you may be
looking
for
happiness
in
all
the
wrong
places.
Psychologists
suggest
that
the
following
habits
make people happier.

People who form close relationships tend to be happier than those who do not. The number of
friends we have is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships
that bring happiness usually involve the sharing of feelings, mutual respect, acceptance, trust and
fun.


People
who
exercise
regularly
improve
both
their
physical
and
mental
well
being.
Some
research has shown that exercise can be as effective as medication in treating depression.

When we are so interested in an activity we enjoy that we lose track of time, we are in a state
of flow. The activity could be making art, playing piano, surfing, or playing a game. People who
experience flow in their work or hobbies tend to be happier.


People
are
more
likely
to
be
happy
if
they
know
what
their
strengths
are
and
use
them
regularly,
People
who
set
goals
and
use
their
strengths
to
achieve
them
tend
to
be
happier.
People are especially happy when they can use their strengths to serve the greater good.


People
who
think
positively
by
being
grateful,
mindful
and
optimistic
are
more
likely
to
be
happy. Being grateful means being thankful, Bejing mindful means being open to, focusing on and
enjoying
the experiences
of
the
present
moment. Being
optimistic
means
being
hopeful
about
the future.

（
1
）
Why does the human brain remember negative things more easily?

A. Negative things are easy to remember.
B. Dangerous wild animals are a threat to us.

C. Our
ancestors
had
no
enough
food
for
living.
D. Negative
things
tend
to
affect
human
survival immediately.

（
2
）
How does the author like looking for happiness in material things?

A. Uncertain. B. Opposed. C. Supportive. D. Optimistic.

（
3
）
What does the author suggest us in the last paragraph?

A. Enjoying our life and work.
B. Leading a happy life each day.

C. Being positive in our life and work.
D. Thinking more about the future.

（
4
）
What does this text mainly tell us?

A. The factors that make people happy.
B. How to remember positive things easily.

C. The
habits
which
people
form
in
their
life.
D. Why
people
remember
negative
things
easily.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，真正能使我们快乐的并不是物质的东西，作者在文
中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯。

（
1
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Our brains have developed this way because threats, like
dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect on our ancestors' survival compared to positive
things
like
food
or
shelter.”< br>可知负面的东西相对于积极的东西对我们祖先的生存有更直接的
影响，所以更容易被记住。故选< br>D
。

（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“If
you've
been
chasing
wealth,
fame,
good
looks,
material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places. ”
一直追求
财富、名誉、美貌、物质和权力，你可能会 在所有错误的地方寻找幸福。由此可见作者对
寻找物质上的幸福持反对态度，故选
B
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“People
who
think
positively
by
being
grateful,
mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy.”
积极乐观的人感恩，专注，乐观，更容易
快乐。以 及下文几者之间的内在关系可知作者建议我们在生活和工作中要积极乐观，故选
C
。

（
4
）考查主旨大意。作者在文中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯，如建立亲密关系， 锻
炼，了解自己的优点，感恩，专注，乐观积极的生活态度等。即使人快乐的因素，故选
A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类 阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概 括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


11
．
阅读理解


Two of the saddest words in the English language are
never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and
disappointment.

My father is famous in our family for saying,
to live by the
always thought about what I could do to avoid an
minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that
required a little more work such as taping padding (
衬垫
) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee
table.

I don't only avoid those

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