-教师节手抄报内容

2021年1月23日发(作者：得过且过歇后语)
英语阅读理解专题练习
(
及答案
)

一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解

The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer
James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what
we
might
recognize
today
as
a
real
newspaper.
He
filled
his
paper
with
stories
of
adventure,
articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.


Three
centuries
after
the
appearance
of
Franklin's
Courant,
few
believe
that
newspapers
in
their present printed form will remain alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing advertisers,
readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have
been
imaginable
just
several
years
ago.
The
chief
editor
of
the
Times
said
recently,
“A
t
places
where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the
hospital
or
a
lost
law
case.”
An
article
about
the
newspaper
appealed
on
the
website
of
the
Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.”

Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and
out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death, Some American newspapers
have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has
seen its stock
（股票）
drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the
past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock.
The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to
education; its testing and test
—
preparation service now brings in at least half the company's
income,

（
1
）
What can we learn about the New England Courant?

A. It is mainly about the stock market.
B. It carries articles by political leaders.

C. It marks the beginning of newspapers.
D. It remains a successful newspaper in America.

（
2
）
What can we infer about the newspaper editors?

A. They often accept readers' suggestions.
B. They caw a lot about each other's health.

C. They stop doing business with advertisers.
D. They face great difficulties in their business.

（
3
）
Which of the following found a new way for its development?

A. the Washington Post.
B. The Guardian.

C. The New York Tinier. D. New England Courant.

（
4
）
How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers”?

A. Satisfied. B. Hopeful. C. Surprised. D. Worried.

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做
出的调整。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“the
printer
James
Franklin,
Benjamin's
older
brother,
started
the
New
England
Courant,
and
that
was
what
we
might
recognize
today
as
a
real
newspaper.”
可知，
James Franklin
创办的
New England Courant
就是我们今天所知 的真正的报
纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选
C
。

(2)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Newspaper
companies
are
losing
advertisers,
readers,
market
value”
可知，报社正在逐渐失去广 告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话

places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out
of the hospital or a lost law case.
，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候
“
你还好吗
”
仿佛
刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气， 编辑们现在正面临着
困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选
D
。

(3)
考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是
The
Washington
Post
《华盛顿邮报》。故选
A
。

(4)
考查 推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担
忧。故选
D< br>。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考 生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。



2
．
阅读理解

Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city?
In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve
the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other
reasons
—
for example, economic reasons
—
why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that
historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we
do then if a new building is needed?

In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed,
there
are
many
examples
in
my
own
hometown
of
Tours
where
modern
designs
have
been
placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and
does not dominate(
影响
) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the
area.

It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(
破坏
) the area they are in,
but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in
historic
areas.
I
think
this
is
simply
because
people
are
naturally
conservative
and
do
not
like
change.

Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it
is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what
was
there
before,
we
would
all
still
be
living
in
caves.
Thus,
I
would
argue
against
copying
previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might
be the more risky choice.

（
1
）
What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?

A. Some of them are not attractive.
B. Most of them are too expensive to preserve.

C. They
are
more
pleasing
than
modern
buildings.
D. They
have
nothing
to
do
with
the
historic feel of an area.

（
2
）
Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?

A. We
should
reproduce
the
same
old
buildings.
B. Buildings
should
not
dominate
their
surroundings.

C. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.
D. No one understands why people
speak against new buildings.

（
3
）
By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “_______”.

A. destroy old buildings B. put things in a different place

C. choose new architectural style D. respect people's feelings for historical buildings

（
4
）
What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain why people dislike change.
B. To argue that modern buildings can be built in
historic areas.

C. To warn that we could end up living in caves.
D. To admit how new buildings have ruined
their surroundings.

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章是对于现在人们经常讨论的问题
——
是否现代
建筑应该和古老的历史建筑在一起
——
进行了阐述，在作者看来 历史建筑应该保存，但是
我们的建筑风格也应该改变，不能因为历史建筑破坏我们的生活。

(1)
细节理解题。根据第一段中
not
all
historical
buildings
are
attractiv e.
可知，一些历史建筑
不够有吸引力，故选
A
。

(2)
细节理解题。根据第三段首句
It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have
spoilt (
破坏
) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too.
可知，一
些新建筑破坏了所在的区域，但古建筑也有这种情况，故作者认为一些历史建筑破坏了他们生活的地方，故选
C
。

(3)
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中
If we always reproduced what was there before, we would
all
still
be
living
in
caves
.
（如果建筑师不改变建筑风格，我们现在还住在山洞里面）可推
知，
“moving things forward”
指
“
选择新的建筑风格
”
，故选< br>C
。

(4)
推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句
Should
we
allow
modern
buildings
to
be
built
next
to
older buildings in a historic area of a city?
可知，这篇文章 是讨论现代建筑是否可以建在历史
遗迹的地方，故选
B
。

【点评】

英语阅读理解议论文解题技巧：英语议论文通常为三段式，即
“< br>论点、论据、结
论
”
三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论 据从各个层面上加以推理论
证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到 议论文体
时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点
2017
高考英 语阅读理解类型
及答题技巧
2017
高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧。一般来说，作 者的论点通常在文章首
段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在 对论点
论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题
句 、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。


3
．
阅读理解

There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World.
Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the
lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too
–––
that's why it made Nov 16th
“International Day for Tolerance”.

But
first
of
all, what
is
tolerance? According
to
French
philosopher
Voltaire,
tolerance
is
the
consequence
of
humanity.
We
are
all
formed
of
frailty
(
脆弱
)
and
error;
let
us
pardon
each
other's fool
–––

that is the first law of nature.”

Very often, people don't realize that they're intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to
do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by
males.
But
often,
the
behavior
of
men
toward
women
is
intolerant
because
men
don't
put
themselves in the shoes of women.


It's
worth
thinking
a
little
about
the
words
“tolerance”
and
“intolerance”. Are
they
the
best
words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone
isn't
necessarily
a
very
respectful
thing.
When
someone
is
tolerated,
it
implies
that
there's
something wrong with them.

Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that
we
all
share.
That's
the
reason
we
should
be
tolerant.
It's
a
little
like
generosity.
We
can
give
things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.

（
1
）
What's the purpose of the UN “International Day For Tolerance”?

A. To arouse people's awareness of tolerance among people.
B. To celebrate the founding of
the UN.

C. To
solve
the
problem
of
global
warming.
D. To
change
peopled
opinion
towards
globalization.

（
2
）
Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?

A. Because men don't realize the purpose of the UN.
B. Because men are physically stronger
than women.

C. Because
men
don't
appreciate
the
shoes
of
women.
D. Because
men
are
not
willing
to
understand women.

（
3
）
Why is it meaningless to use the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”?

A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.
B. Because they don't express the exact
meaning people refer to.

C. Because they can't be translated into other languages.
D. Because they can't be used in a
respectful way.

（
4
）
In what sense is “tolerance” similar to “generosity”?

A. Humans are advised to treat others better.
B. Humans leant to find faults in others.

C. Humans
need
to
give
something
to
others.
D. Humans
will
change
their
attitudes
to
others.

【答案】
（
1
）
A

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论 文。人们天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯错误的，因此
包容是人性的体现。文章通过分析解释人们要宽容 待人。

（
1
）考查推理判断题。根据第一段二、三两句
“Marley
understood
that
part
of
the
reason
why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN
understands this too ---
that's why it made Nov 16th 'International Day for Tolerance' .”
可推断，
世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把
11
月
16日设置为
“
国际宽容日
”
是为了唤起人们的
包容意识。故答案选
A
。

（
2
）考查推理判断题。根据第三段尾句
“But
often,
the
behavior
of
men
toward
women
is
intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.”
可知，男性对女性 不包容
是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故答案选
D
。
（
3
）考查推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后三句
“Are they the best wo
rds to describe the evils
of
which
we're
speaking
here?
To
agree
to
be
'tolerant'
of
someone
isn't
necessarily
a
very
respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.”
可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着 某人有问
题，因此推断使用
“
宽容
”
或者
“
不宽容
”
是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的
意思。故答案选
B
。

（
4
）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句
“It's
a
little
like
generosity.
We
can
give
things
to
another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”
可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容
有点像慷慨。故答案选
C
。

【点评】本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。先阅读问题，然后带着问
题，再读全文， 找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上
下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大 意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的。


4
．
阅读理解

Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later?Exercise
early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in rats at least.


一
not
just
for
physical
development,but
for
the
whole
lifelong
track
of
cognitive
（认知的）
development
during
ageing,
Martin
Wojtowicz
of
the
University
of
Toronto,Canada.
humans,it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms
（阿兹海默氏症）
,possibly to the
point of preventing them.

Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels
in the cages of one group for a period of six four months later
—
when the rats had
reached middle age
—
the team taught all
the rats
to connect an electric shock with being in a
specific placed in the box,they froze with fear.

Two weeks later,the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same
room,the
same
box
with
the
room
arranged
differently,and
a
completely
different
box
in
a
different room.


The
rats
without
access
to
a
running
wheel
when
they
were
young
now
froze
the
same
percentage
of
times
in
each
of
these
situations,suggesting
they
couldn't
remember
which
one
was those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in
both changed box settings.


“The
results
suggest
the
amount
of
physical
activity
whe
n
we're
young,at
least
for
rats,has
influence
on
brain
and
cognitive
health
—
in
the
form
of
better
memories
—
when
we're
older,
Arthur
Kramer
of
Northeastern
University
in
Boston,who
has
found
that,in
humans,exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.

（
1
）
The study shows that______.

A. physical activity is important for physical health
B. using the running wheels is of benefit
to the rats' growth

C. physical
activity
can
prevent
human's
Alzheimer's
symptoms
D. the
more
exercise
a
rat
has when young,the better memory it will possess when older

（
2
）
How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes.
B. By giving an example.

C. By describing the process. D. By showing differences.

（
3
）
What does the underlined word

A. Exercise. B. Development. C. Benefit. D. Study.

（
4
）
What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?

A. Negative. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越
多，老年时的记忆力就越好。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for
the brain, in rats at least.”
可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处 ，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选
D
。

（
2
）考查推理判断。 根据第三段和第四段讲述
Wojtowicz
的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过
程，因此 通过描述过程发展的。故选
C
。

（
3
）考查词义猜测。根 据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对
于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的 出现。因此
it
在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就
是锻炼。故选
A
。

（
4
）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍 ，用数据表示，可
见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选
B
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一
篇科普类阅读， 要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而 选出正确答案。


5
．
阅读理解

You may think that the story of Pygmalion (
《卖花女》
, 1913) --- in which people are judged
by
the
way
they
talk
---
is
something
that
only
existed
in
the
days
of
British
high
society.
But
thanks to etiquette (
礼仪
) expert and author William Hanson, we realize that little has changed
during the past 100 years.

In a BBC radio program, Hanson released a list of common words used in British English that
could reveal whether a person is

And yet here comes the interesting part: While some of us might go through life using fancy
words, dressing in ways that make us appear more well-off than we really are, there are wealthy
people
in
the
world
who
try
to
hide
their
riches
because
they
want
to
be
seen
as

instead of

Beatrice, for example, is a New Yorker who inherited (
继承
) millions of dollars. She told The
New York Times that she has a habit of removing the price tags (
价签
) from her clothes so her
house staff don't see them and feel uncomfortable.


million.

（
1
）
What does William Hanson find?

A. People failed to judge others' manner. B. People judge others by their way of talking.

C. People tend to use more polite words. D. People meet impolite persons frequently.

（
2
）
What do rich people prefer to do?

A. To hide their riches. B. To earn more money.

C. To think highly of their wealth. D. To judge others by their wealth.

（
3
）
Why did Beatrice remove the price tags on her clothes?

A. To show off her fashion sense.
B. To change people's attitude to rich people.

C. To
pretend
to
be
normal.
D. To
avoid
making
people
around
her
uncomfortable.

（
4
）
What does

A. The price tag. B. The brand label.

C. The inheritance contract. D. The Times magazine.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，揭示如今人们依然会从你的说话用词上来判断你是
“
普通的
”
还是
“
时髦的
”
。

（
1
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“But thanks to etiquette (
礼仪
) expert and author William
Hanson, we realize that little has changed dur
ing the past 100 years.”
可知，
William Hanson
认
为我们现在仍旧如同以前一样通过人们讲话的方式来判断一个人。故选
B
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“…there are wealthy people in the world who try to
hide their riches because they want to be seen as 'normal' instead of 'showy'”
可知，富人更喜欢
隐藏起他们的财富。故选
A
。

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
“She told The New York Times that she has a habit
of removing the price tags (
价签
) from her clothes so her house staff don't see them and feel
uncomfortable.”
可知，
Beatrice
除掉衣服上的价格 标签是为了避免让她周围的人感到不舒
服。故选
D
。

（
4
）考查代词指代。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，
Beatrice
除掉衣服上的价格标 签是为了
避免让她周围的人感到不舒服。因此推断
Scott
说：我们不想要那些“Wow”
，我们不是那种
袖子上戴着商标的人。此处的
“we”
指的是
Beatrice
和
Scott
，故
it
指的是价格标签。 故案选
A
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，考 生需要准确掌握细节信
息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


6
．
阅读理解

The next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath you, at least if
furniture maker Ikea has any say in the matter. The Swedish furniture company's “future
-
living”
research
lab
in
Copenhagen
is
conducting
a
survey
to
understand
what
people
want
when
it
comes to smart furniture.

AI is now walking into more aspects of people's daily lives. Self-driving cars are just around the
corner,
and
AI
robots
can
play
and
beat
the
best
players
of
strategy
games.
As
smart
home
technologies have become more ubiquitous, products ranging from smart electrical outlets
（插
座）
to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market. Therefore, it's not surprising that Ikea would
be moving in the same direction.


Exactly
why
people
would
want
their
sofa
or
bed
frame
to
speak
to
then,
track
their
daily
movements or offer help is not yet clear. Though Ikea's the new survey doesn't directly answer
that
question,
it
does
provide
a
hint
of
what
people
would
feel
comfortable
with.
Most
participants wanted a more human0like form of virtual
（虚拟的）
assistants, as opposed to one
that
is
more
robotic.
In
terms
of
the
ideal
gender
（性别）
of
the
assistants,
the
most
popular
choice was neither male nor female. Few wanted a religious form of AI.

Just as with human friends, most wanted AI friends that were like them, affirming their own
worldview. They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent-that could collect data to
predict
what
a
person
wanted
before
he
or
she
asked,
and
that
could
prevent
someone
from
making mistakes.

This is not the first time that Ikea has set foot in the field or futuristic technologies. In addition
to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes that never rust
（生锈）
, the furniture giant has
also pictured smart kitchens that can cook the best meal. To decide on how intelligent you want
your next sofa or bookshelf to be, you can take Ikea's survey online.

（
1
）
What does the underlined word

A. Beautiful.
B. Common.
C. Normal.
D. Environment.

（
2
）
What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A. The
differences
between
robot- like
and
human-like
assistants.
B. What
form
of
AI
assistants people want.

C. What kind of friends people want. D. The popular robots on the market.

（
3
）
Most people who received the survey wanted an AI assistant that could ________.

A. help them became smarter
B. communicate with them without troubles

C. have its own worldview D. deal with their problems in advance

（
4
）
Which of the following products are from Ikea?

A. Smart sofas that can speak to you. B. Smart beds than can track your daily movements.

C. Wireless charging cars.
D. Rustless bikes without chains.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，介绍了瑞典的一家家具公司做了一项研究，调查人
们想要什么样的智能家居。

（
1
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“AI
is
now
walking
into
more
aspects
of
people's
daily
lives.”
可猜测出
As smart home technologies have become more ubiquitous,
这句话的意思是智
能家居技术变 得越来越普遍，故选
B
。

（
2
）考查段落大意。根据第三段中的
“Most
participants
wanted
a
more
human0li
ke
form
of
virtual
（虚拟的）
assistants, as opposed to one that is more robotic. In terms of the ideal gender
（性别）
of the assistants, the most popular choice was neither male nor female. Few wanted a
religious form of AI.”
可知第三段主要讲了人们想要什么样的人工智能助手，故选
B
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“They
wanted
an
AI
assistant
that
was
reasonably
intelligent-that could collect data to predict what a person wanted before he or she asked, and
that could prevent someone from making mistakes.”
可知收到调查的大多数人都想要一款可以
提前解决问题的 人工智能助手，故选
D
。

（
4
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“In
addition to wireless charging tables and chainless
bikes that never rust
（生锈）
, the furniture giant has also pictured smart kitchens that can cook
the best meal.”
可知没有链条的不生锈自行车 是来自于
Ikea
的产品，故案选
D
。

【点评】本题考点 涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇社会类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细 节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。< br>

7
．
阅读理解

Regardless of how far we'd like to believe gender(
性别
) equality in the workplace has come,
there's still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018
statistic
shows
that
women
nowadays
hold
just
5.8
percent
of
CEOs
positions
at
S&P
500
companies, according to Catalyst.


While
it's
not
a
huge
shock
that
women
are
somewhat
underrepresented
in
leadership
positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead
in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.

In their research
，
Professor yvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (
调查
)2,900
managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher
than men in four of the five major leadership- centric categories.

While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders
—
probably because they
picture
a
leader
with
a
commanding
voice,
which
is
more
typical
of
men
than
women
—

this
piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal- setting,
openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.


There
was
one
area
in
which
men
scored
higher
than
women,
though,
and
that
was
on
emotional
stability
and
ability
to
face
job-related
pressure
and
stress.
The
results
suggest
that
women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.


Obviously
，
it's
important
to
consider
individual(
个人的
)
differences.
Anyone,
regardless
of
gender,
may
be
an
inspiring
leader
and
a
competent
boss.
But
next
time
you're
hiring
for
a
management position, you just might want to give the resumes(
简历
) from female candidates a
harder look.

（
1
）
What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?

A. Women are worse than men.
B. Men take almost all high positions.

C. There is a huge gap between genders.
D. Women might behave better in every field.

（
2
）
Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ''inherently” in paragraph 4?

A. properly B. potentially C. naturally D. normally

（
3
）
Which of the following may be the best title of this text?

A. How We Can Figure Out The Boss. B. Why Women Are Better Than Men.

C. Why Women Make The Best Bosses. D. How We Can Tell Gender Difference.

（
4
）
Who might have special interest in this article?

A. Job hunters. B. Employers. C. Employees. D. Male bosses.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位存在不平
等现象，作者指出在领导位置上，女性可能在各个 领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗
位员工时应多考虑女性。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“what
is
surprising
though,
is
the
fact
that
females
may
actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the
BI
Norwegian
Business
School.”
可知让人惊讶的 是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表
现更好。故选
D
。

(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“While
some
people
believe
that
men
inherently
make
better leaders
—
probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more
typical
of
men
than
women”
可知人们认为男性自然能成 为更好的领导者，划线词是自然
地。故选
C
。

(3)
考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的
“this
piece
of
research
suggests
that
women
are
better
at
methodical
management
and
goal-setting,
openness,
sociability
and
supportiveness,
as
well
as
ability
to
communicate
clearly.”可知本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此
“
为什么女性是最
好的老板
”
符合题意。故选
C
。

(4)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“But next time you're hiring for a management position,
you just might want to give the resumes(
简历
) from female candidates a harder look.”
下次你雇
佣管理岗位员工时，得知雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选
B
。

【点评】本 题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇社会现象类阅读，要求考 生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，
进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正 确答案。



8
．
阅读理解

Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is easy and
quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to
encourage
learners
even
more.
When
I
see
advertisements
like
this,
I
don't
know
whether
to
laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements
would not appear.

Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage
over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think
they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in
English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and
intonation.

Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students
repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might
be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would
make it easier to use their methods.

In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he
is
interested
in
it.
Human
beings,
unlike
parrots
and
chimpanzees,
do
not
like
making
noises
unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth
remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot
be a formula. It must be real.

There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and
listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us
in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.

（
1
）
Many
people
believe
advertisements
in
the
newspapers
and
on
the
buses
probably
because .

A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens
B. they are eager to learn
and then believe them

C. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts
D. the ways advertised prove
effective and helpful

（
2
）
What may behaviorists argue towards English learning?

A. Human
beings
make
more
interesting
noises
than
parrots
and
chimpanzees.
B. Human
beings should relate their speech to their own lives.

C. Language
is
a
formula
with
lots
of
repetitions
and
practices.
D. Language
is
a
means
of
communication.

（
3
）
What opinion does the author hold?

A. A quick method that suits all the students does exist.
B. English can be mastered within a
very short period of time.

C. Each
word
in
English
has
a
precise
equivalent
in
another
language.
D. No
one
can
learn
English well without being interested in it.

（
4
）
What ways of learning is suggested by the author?

A. Study abroad.
B. Learn communicatively and situationally.

C. Follow the behaviorists' approach.
D. Teach oneself at home with dictionaries.

【答案】
（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论 文，讲述了一名语言教师对语言学习的个人看法。他认
为学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但 是学英语不像广告中所说的那么轻松，
假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。在交际 时我们需要有交谈或倾
听的对象。用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。

（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“No
doubt
this
is
true
to
a
certain
extent, but
it
is
not
very helpful to students. ”
可知许多人渴望学好这门语言，相信这些广告中宣传的 学习语言能
速成，故选
B
。

（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Most teaching is still based on behaviori
st psychology.
Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences.”
可知现在大量的教学活动还是建立在行为主义心理学的基础之上。行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不
断做一些只 需更换句中某个词的练习。故选
C
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak
English or any other l
anguage unless he is interested in it.”
可知作者认为，假如没有兴趣，任何
人都不可能学好英 语或其他任何语言。故选
D
。

（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“There
is
another
relevant
point
worth
mentioning
here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with
us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life
language.”
可知还有一个相关的问 题值得一提：在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对象。在
学习较生疏的内容时，如果有其他学生和我们在 实战中一起学习和练习那些陌生的语言形
式，用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。故选
B
。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求 考生根据上下文的
逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。


9
．
阅读理解


Watching
wooden
dolls
come
to
life
may
not
be
one
of
the
most
popular
forms
of
entertainment today, but with over twenty years' experience, talented puppeteer (
木偶表演者
)
Peter Roberts has earned himself the title “master puppeteer” because of
his great ability to turn
puppets into believable, almost living characters. “People are quite often surprised to hear what I
do for living and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment. But while the exact
origins of puppet theatre are unknown, it has been popular in many cultures and may have been
the very first kind of theatre,” he explains.


Roberts' shows are highly original. “A puppet show can involve anything from clowning(
傻逗
)
to storytelling,” he says, Equally diverse are the audiences he performs for. “Some are attracted
by the puppets themselves, while others enjoy the dialogue.” Roberts believes that this form of
entertainment can be appreciated by people of all ages and cultures.


Roberts'
interest
in
puppets
started
when
he
received
some
beautiful
glove
puppets
one
Christmas. He started putting on shows with these for family and friends and then moved on to
handmade
Chinese
string
puppets.
Learning
mostly
from
books
and
personal
experience,
he
explains, “I was already sp
ending most of my free time carving puppets and putting on shows, so
I hardly noticed the change from students to full-
time professional puppeteer.”


The
puppets
are
designed
specifically
for
each
show,
which
is
extremely
time
consuming.
According to Ro
berts, “Sometimes what you expect and what you actually create in the end are
two very different things. I've made some of my best puppets 'accidentally'.”


When most people hear the word “puppetry”, they more than likely think of a way of keeping
children entertained at birthday parties. Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-
hearted
rather
than
serious.
However,
Roberts
wants
to
point
out
that
puppets
come
serious
messages sometimes.” he says.

（
1
）
What do we know about puppetry in the first paragraph?

A. It is a most popular form of entertainment.
B. It cannot give people pleasure any more.

C. It
was
first
brought
to
life
by
Peter
Roberts.
D. Its
value
as
an
art
form
is
not
fully
recognized.

（
2
）
In Roberts' eyes, his puppet shows .

A. usually attract people full of humor
B. are most something for old aged audience

C. display
something
meaningful
for
different
people
D. involve
hard
work
and
great
intelligence

（
3
）
Roberts developed an interest in puppets because of .

A. the puppet show books B. his university major

C. a Christmas gift
D. some Chinese string puppets

（
4
）
What does Roberts want people to think of puppet theatre?

A. It is just a kind of entertainment for kids.
B. It can be educational as well as entertaining.

C. It is only a kind of serious art form.
D. It should be kept light-hearted.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文为夹叙夹议 。本文讲述了虽然木偶表演栩栩如生，但已不是当今一
种最流行的娱乐形式。享用盛名的木偶大师罗伯特 却让自己的木偶表演极具独创性。他让
木偶表演不仅具有观赏性也有一定的教育意义。

（
2
）细节理解题。根据第一段
“People
are
quite
often
surprised
to
hear
what
I
do
for
livi
ng
and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment”
可知，人们很少把木偶表演看
作是一种娱乐形 式来欣赏。分析选项可知
D
项（它作为一种艺术形式没有被充分认可）符
合题意，故答 案选
D
项。

（
3
）推理判断题。第二段内容说罗伯特的木 偶戏涉及任何东西，从扮小丑逗乐到到讲故
事，
”
他给各种各样不同的观众表演。“
有些人被木偶本身吸引，而另一些人喜欢木偶表演
中的对话。
”
罗伯特 认为这种形式的娱乐可以被各个年龄段和文化的人所欣赏。由此可判
断，罗伯特的木偶戏为不同的人展示 一些有意义的东西。分析选项可知
C
项符合题意，故
答案选
C
项。< br>
（
3
）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句
“Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be
light-hearted
rather
than
serious.
However,
Roberts
wants
to
point
out
that
puppets
come
serious
messages
sometimes.”
木偶表演的主 题更多的是轻松愉快的而不是严肃的。然而，罗
伯特指出木偶表演有时也传递一些严肃的东西。由此可推 断出，木偶表演既是一种娱乐也
有一定的教育性。故答案选
B
。

（
4
）此题属于细节理解中的一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一
对应，一目了然。根据第三段第一句
“Roberts'
interest
in
puppets
started
when
he
received
some beautiful glove puppets one Christmas.”
罗伯特对木偶的兴趣始于圣诞节时他收到了一
些漂亮的手套木偶。故 选
C
。

【点评】夹叙夹议阅读理解：（
1
）先叙述自己的 某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事
件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。（
2< br>）作者先提出一种观点或看法。然后围
绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几 个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
（
3
）提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一 观点，最后再进一步的总结和升
华。

抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做 好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述
所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。


10
．
阅读理解

Two young giant-panda twins born in the United States have returned home to China, but are
straggling to adapt to the language and food.

The 3-year-old sisters, Mei Lun and Mei Huan, wens the first surviving panda twins to be born
in the United States, and were returned to China from Zoo Atlanta on Nov. 5. But the pair still
understand English belter than Chinese, and prefer American biscuits to Chinese bread.

A zoo-keeper said that his main concern is that the pair are so addicted to American biscuits
that everything they eat
—
from bamboos to apples
—
has to be mixed with biscuits. They even
want to snack on (
零食
) biscuits when drinking water.

The zoo -keeper is trying to wean them off their biscuit habit, gradually replacing the American
food with Chinese bread. Mei Huan is adapting, but Mei Lun doesn't want to touch the unfamiliar
bread.

Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto the roof and hanging upside down from a
rail,
but
her
slightly
younger
sister
Mei
Huan
is
calmer,
preferring
to
sit
still,
observe
her
new
environment and occasionally snack on bamboo.


A
language
barrier
is
also
reported.
While
the
pair
respond
to
their
own
names,
and
understand some English phrases such as “come here,” they don't understand the Sichuan dialect
of Chinese.

The news caused some laughter on Chinese social media, with some users commenting that
the pandas would soon get used to Sichuan's famously spicy cuisine.

（
1
）
Based on the passage, which statement do you think is right?

A. The panda twins can fit in well in Sichuan.
B. The panda twins are only fond of Sichuan
food and dishes.

C. The panda twins have been used to the new environment very quickly.
D. It's hard for the
panda twins to get used to the new environment soon.

（
2
）
What does th
e underlined part “
wean them off
” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A. help them get rid of. B. help them form.

C. help them strengthen.
D. help them keep.

（
3
）
From the passage we learn that of the two sisters .

A. Mei Huan mainly eats bamboo B. Mei Lun is living a more active life

C. Mei Huan is not smarter than Mei Lun D. Mei Lun is as quiet as her younger sister

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在美国出生的两只双胞胎大熊猫回国了 ，但
是却不适应国内的饮食和语言，令饲养员很担心。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“but
are
struggling
to
adapt
to
the
language
and
food”
可
知，这对双胞胎熊猫回国 后适应语言和食物都很费力、困难，尤其是后面的
2,3,4
段更细节
地描述了适应这 个新环境的困难。故选
D
。

(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“gradually replacing the American food with Chinese bread”
逐渐地用中国面包（馒头）代替美国食物，故前一句
“The zoo
-keeper is trying to wean them
off
their
biscuit
habit”
的意思肯定是饲养员正试图让他 们戒掉吃美国饼干的习惯，故此处的
wean them off
就可以断定为
“去除
”
的意思，选
A
。

(3)
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto
the roof and hanging upside down from a rail, but her slightly younger sister Mei Huan is calmer,
preferring to sit still”
可知，美轮更充满活力一点，喜欢上蹿下 跳地玩耍，美奂则更安静点，
喜欢静坐，故选
B
。

【点评】本题考 点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生在捕捉细节信息同时， 需根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，选出正确答
案。



11
．
阅读理解


It
could
have
been
any
of
us,
but
it
happened
to
be
me.
I
received
a
brief
18-months
of
undivided attention and love as the only child, before three more appeared. The second was a
severe blow. No doubt, learning the need to share was important, but I had tasted the life of an
only child.


Then
came
years
of
requests
to
look
after
the
siblings
（兄弟姐妹）
,
being
urged
that,
You
should be setting a better example, “Again and again the others got away with doing wrong but I
didn't. We each played our roles; the second one who later skipped school to meet boys; the ever
so attractive third, the boy who could do no wrong; and finally the surprise appearance of the
fourth, seemed certain to be spoiled even now. So that left me: the reasonable, quiet one who
got
the
grades,
did
the
housework
and
became
a
chameleon
（变色龙）
—
skilled
at
reading
a
situation and being what was needed.

Then eventually came the chance to be the first to leave and experience life on the outside, not
defined
（定义）
as the eldest. The moment I had waited for. But now, many years later, being the
eldest matters again. It's down to me; it seems, to take the lead in caring for our parents, AH the
time I was made to learn about sharing; however, when it comes to responsibility, it no longer
seems to apply. The others are too busy, too far away, or too unconcerned. So dutifully I travel
many times across the country for hours to provide care and support. Requests to my siblings to
help out more fall on deaf ears. To me, the dutiful first born, it feels like the right and only thing
to
do;
to
be
there
for
our
parents
as
they
were
for
us.
Sadly,
that
feeling
isn't
shared
by
the
second, third or fourth.

（
1
）
How does the author comment on the four children in the second paragraph?

A. Angrily and Bitterly.
B. Angrily and proudly.

C. Bitterly and humorously.
D. Humorously and proudly.

（
2
）
How did the author develop his social skills?

A. Through hard work.
B. With the parents' help.

C. At the parents' request.
D. In practice for effectiveness.

（
3
）
What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to?

A. To care for the old. B. To help the young.

C. To live outside alone. D. To travel nationwide.

（
4
）
What can we learn from the text?

A. The writer hates to be the eldest.
B. The writer feels proud of his role.

C. The writer is satisfied with his attempt.
D. The writer is regretful about the siblings.

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文为夹叙夹议 文。作者作为家中四个孩子中的老大，从小被要求照顾
小的，给兄妹树立好的榜样。父母老了，第一个关 心照顾父母，认为照顾父母是自己的责
任，但是其他的兄妹却只一味地推脱照顾老人的责任，这让作者深 感遗憾。

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