-中秋日记

2021年1月23日发(作者：善德女王)
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大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之一（含答案）

There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are
those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily goals can be
achieved in
a week or less,or two weeks,or possible
should be remembered that just as
a
building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without
the achievement of solid short-term
completing our short-term goals,we should date the
occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.




The intermediate
goals
bukld
on the foundation of the short-range
might
deal
with
just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several time
you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As
you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn as your list
of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.




Long-range
goals
may
be
related
to
our
dreams
of
the
future.
They
might
cover
five
years
or
more. Life is not a static should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course
of
action.
long-term goals mean a lot______.

we complete our short-range goals

we cannot reach solid short-term goals

we write down the dates

we put forward some plans
short-term goals are bulid upon______.

years

-term goals

t activities


goals that have been completed
we complete each step of our goals ,______.

will win final success

are overwhelmed

should build up confidence of success

should strong desire for setting new goals
our goals are drawn up,_______.

should stick to them until we complete them

may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities

had better wait for the exciting news of success

have made great decision
is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.

who habe long-term goals will succeed

g down the dates may discourage you

goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination

should have a goal
答案：
adcbc
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之二（含答案）

The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed
people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of
boom.
A
n
economic
survey
of
the
year
19
55,
a
typical
year
of
the
1950’s,
may
be
typical
as
illustrating
the
rapid
economic
growth
of
the
decade.
The
national
output
was
value
at
10
percent
above
that
of
1954
(1955
output
was
estimated
at
392
billion
dollars).
The
production
of

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manufacturers
was
about
40
percent
more
than
it
had
averaged
in
the
years
immediately
following
World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery.
National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950.
Consumers
spent
about
256
billion
dollars;
that
is
about
700
million
dollars
a
day
,or
about
twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and
only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained
that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-
1920’s .
As
farmer’s
shre
of
their
products
declined
,
marketing
costs
rose.
But
there
were
,
amon
g
the
observers
of
the
national
economy,
a
few
who
were
not
as
confident
as
the
majority .
Those
few
seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite- depression.

1. What is the best title of the passage?

a. The Agricul
atural Trends of 1950’s


b. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’s


c. U.S. Economy in the 50’s



d. The Federal Budget of 1952

2. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.


a. nearby explosion



b. thunderous noise

c. general public support



d. rapid economic growth
3.
It
can
be
inferred
the
national
from
the
passage
that
most
people
in
the
United
States
in
1955
viewed the national economy with an air of _________.

a. confidence


b. confusion


c. disappointment



d. suspicion
4. Which
of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?


a. Economists


b. Frmaers



c. Politicians


d. Steelworkers
5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 .
How much was it ?

a. 60
％



b. 50
％



c. 33
％



d. 90
％



答案：
cdabc
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之三（含答案）

Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women
full
professors.
In
1985,Regent
Beryl
Milburn
produced
a
report
blasting
the
University
of
Texas
System adminitration for not encouraging University was rated among the lowest for the
a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more
improvement.
One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available
administrative jobs.
College
of
Communication
Associate
Dean
Patrica
Witherspoon,said
it
is
important
that
woman be
flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.
Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she
must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.
Until
women
make
up
a
greater
percentage
of
the
senior
positions
in
the
University
and
all
academia,inequities will exist.

University.
little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable
study time.

ing to Spirduso,women need to ____.

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e a report on sexual discrimination
for further improvement in their working conditions
their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination
more time and energy doing scholarly activities


this passage ,we know that _____.
are many women full professors in the University of Texas
play an important part in adminitrating the University
weather on the campus is chilly
make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University


of the following statements is true?
number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985
number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985

number of women professors was the same as that of 1985
and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University


of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.
were told to con centrate on teir work

were given information about available administrative jobs

were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversity
were encouraged to do more scholarly activities


5. The title for this passage should be _______.
University of Texas
n's Report
Professors
Discrimination in Academia
答案：
ddabd
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之四（含答案）

Today
,as
in
every
other
day
of
the
year
,more
than
3000
U.S.
adlescents
will
smoke
their
first
cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected
that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be
killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts
all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.
Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking
rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be
raised.
First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late
1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent .
The
statistic
is

,several
recent
studies
have
indicate
high
school
dropouts
have
excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .
Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite
reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current
effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.
ing to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.

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c accidents
g-related desease

of these
day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.
a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000

ts who failed the examination
ts who left school
ts who lost their way
ts who were driven out of school
reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.
has taken effective measures
g is prevented among high school seniors
are many smokers who have died of cancer
of these
is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.
g rates among youth have declined very little

are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors
smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth
g at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds
答案：
bdbdb
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之五（含答案）

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our gh science has made enormous
steps
in
making
food
more
fit
to
eat
,it
has,
at
the
same
time,made
many
foods
unfit
to
eat.
Some
research
has
shown
that
perhaps
eighty
percent
of
all
human
illnesses
are
related
to
diet
and
forty
percent
of cancer is
related to
the diet as
well,especially cancer of the colon.
Different
cultures
are
more
likely
to
cause
certain
different
illnesses
because
of
the
food
that
is
characteristic
in
these
cultures.
That
food
is
related
to
illness
is
nto
a
new
discovery.
In
1945,
about
35
years
ago,
government
researchers
realized
that
nitrates,
commonly
used
to
preserve
color
in
meats,and
other
food additivies,caused cancer. Yet,
these
carcinogenic additives remain in our food,
and it becomes
more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful
or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and
living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes
similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are
simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food
and
Drug
Administration(FDA)
has
tried
repeatedly
to
control
these
procedures,
the
practices
continue.
is the best possible title of the passage?
and Food

and Health
and Health
and Drug
of the following statements is NOT ture?
are always given to animals for medical reasons

of
the
additives
in
our
food
are
added
to
the
food
itself
and
some
are
given
to
the
living

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animals
chers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.
may cause forty percent of cancer in world.
has science done something harmful to mankind?
e of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.
has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.
e of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.
scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.

are nitrates used for?
preserve flavor in packaged foods.
preserve the color of meats.
are the objects of research.
cause the animals to become fatter.
word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.
e-making
-retaining
-making
-causing
答案：
cacbd
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之六（含答案）

As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the
habit
of
rushing
through
lift,being
on
the
go
from
morning
till
night,
it
is
hard
to
slow
down.
But
relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.
Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it
is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to
life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are
not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities.
Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we
react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between
primitive
days
the
choice
made
the
difference
between
life
or
death.
The
crises
we
meet
today
are
unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a
reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes serious
conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with we cannot
remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to
deal with it.

are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.
do not know how to enjoy themselves
do not believe that relaxation is important for health
are travelling fast all the time

are becoming busier with their work


ing to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.
fearing stress

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g the art of relaxation
sense of responsibility
control over performance


of the follwing statements is ture?
can find some ways to avoid stress
is always harmful to people
is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.
ent people can withstand different amounts of stress


Paragraph 3,
a.
b.
c.
d.


the last sentence of the passage,
a.
b.
c.
d.

答案：
dadbc
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之七（含答案）

In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the
Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to
American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called

where
they
could
follow
their
philosophy
of

your
own
thing.
A
group
of
artists
founded a commune in southern Colorado called
architect
Buckminster
Fuller
they
built
domeshaped
houses
from
pieces
of
old
cars.
Other
groups,
such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a
group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States.
The
Hog
Farm
become
famous
when
they
helped
organize
the
Woodstock
Rock
Festival
in
1969.
Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some
members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.
Not
all
communes
believed
in
the
philosophy
of

you
own
thing,
however .
Twin
Oaks
,
a
commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist r.
The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's
to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build
Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building
called
an

Soleri
believes
that
people
must
live
closely
together
so
that
they
will
all
become one.

did some young Americans decide to
were not satisfied with American society.
wanted to grow marijuana.
wanted to go to the Vietnam War.

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did not want all people to be equal.


did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?
dome-shaped house
old school huses
a farm inTennessee
an archology in Arizona


gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?
Soleri
b.B.G
.Skinner
Gaskin
nster Fuller


was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?
philosophy of
aia in the late 1960s
ideas of psychologist
belief that people must live closely togerher.


is an
a.A person who studies archaeology
b.A large building where people live closely together
c.A city in A rizona
d.A technique to contorl people
答案：
abdcb
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之八（含答案）

There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is
born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how
good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has
opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual
—
the sort of environment
in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail
to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by
the
case
history
of
the
identical
twins,
Peter
and
Mark
X.
Being
identical,
the
twins
had
identical
brains
at
birth, and their growth
processes were
the same. When the twins were three months
old
,
their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low
intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational was reared inthe home
of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and
given
every
opportunity
to
be
stimulated

enviromental
difference
continued
until
the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q.
was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty
points
higher than his
identical
brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly
the same level.

selection can best be titled_________.

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ing Your Intelligence
igence and Environment

Case of Peter and Mark
the brain Influences Intelligence


beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.
brains differ considerably
brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence
nment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence
d. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence


ing to the passage , the average _____.
a.85
b.100
c.110
d.125


case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.
dual with identical brains seldom test at same level
individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviroment
of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence
s of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain


passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.
be predicted at birth
the same throuthout his life
be increased by education
determined by his childhood
答案：
bcbcc
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之九（含答案）

As
she
walked
round
the
huge
department
store,Edith
reflected
how
difficult
it
was
to
choose
a
suitable Christmas present for her wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who
was always delighted with perfume

Besides,shoppong
at
this
time
of
the
year
was
a
most
disgreeable
experience
:people
trod
on
your
toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead
of you.


Partly to
have a
rest,
Edith paused in
front
of a counter where some attracive ties were on display.

knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.


She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered
round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable.
Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that
this was a present which was bund to please him.

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When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were
already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood,
decided to stop smoking.


's father _______.
not like present
got present
red ties
difficult to choose a present for


assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.
tive

sted in ties

need of comfort


stopped at the next counter_________.
ly
ly
ingly
ntally


's father smoked a pipe_______.
he was obliged
social occasions
time to time
he was delighted


ng was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.
mers trod on each other's toes
mers poked each other with their elbows
ers knocked each other
ers were doing their shopping in a great hurry
答案：
dbdcd
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之十（含答案）

If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough
resources left to sustain life on the the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue,
we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for if scientists develop new ways
of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for
open
space
somewhere
else.
But
none
of
the
other
planets
in
our
solar
system
are
capable
of
supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested
by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.
Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change
the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that
Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.

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Sagan
proposes
that
algae
organisms
that
can
live
in
extremely
hot
or
cold
atmospheres
and
at
the
same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on soon as this has
been
done,
the
algae
will
be
placed
in
small
rockets.
Spaceship
will
then
fly
to
Venus
and
fire
the
rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into
oxygen and carbon.
When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot
on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too
hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will
be reproduced on Venus.
long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the
lack of ______.




ces
Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____
might be possible to change its atmosphere
atmosphere is the same as the earth's
is a good supply of water on Venus
days on Venus are long enough
Venus there is a lot of ________.


dioxide
monoxide

are plants that can____.
in very hot temperatures
in very cold temperatures
cture oxygen
of the above
5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.
algae have done their work
atmosphere becomes cooler
s oxygen
rains there
答案：
cabdd
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之十一（含答案）

What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a
leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then
you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least,
this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the
meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us,
among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our
you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as
soon as you could see clearly.
Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel

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more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the
saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near
London,
used
to
be
the
scene
of
more
suicides
than
any
other
bridge
in
the
area
----until
it
was
repainter number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply perhaps it would have fallen
even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active.
It is an established fact that
factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange
rather than black or grey.
1.
don't like to follow others
would be a member rather than a leader
would be afraid of following others
would like to be a leader rather than a follower
one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.
to yellow
to orange

to grey
to yellow
3.
other facts
s other facts
regard to other facts
considering other facts
ing to other facts
of the following is facts?
's preference of one colour to another is instinct
's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.
people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were born
s have little influence on our moods

who
committed
suicide
preferred
the
bridge
over
the
Thames
River
near
london
to
others
because of _______.
shape

structure
colour

building materials
答案：
bcaac
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之十二（含答案）

Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago
are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on
street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.
Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in
your country? Or doesn't it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one
in your lap,or on the table?
The Americans and the
British not
only speak the same language but
also share a large number of
social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each
other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a

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woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That
is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to
explain his delay.
The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other
people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the
guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host
calmly
picked
up
his
knife
and
began
eating
in
the
same
way.
It
would
have
been
bad
manners
to
make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.
one has accepted a dinner invitation ,what should he do if he is tobe late for the dinner?
should find an excuse
should adk for excuse.
should say sorry
should telephone to explain his being late.
2.
means ________.

est
te
ul
of the following do you think is the best tiltle for this passage?
Customs and Customs
Life
an and British Customs
ness Is Important
ing to the text, the best host_______.
his best to make his guests feel comfortable
his guests feel excited
to avoid being naughty to his guests
to avoid being foolish
author of this article may agree with which of the following?
guest who ate his peas with a knife
other guests who were amused or shocked
host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same way
of the above
答案：
dcaac
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
40
篇之十三（含答案）

New Orleans, Louisiana, was established as part of the French Empire in 1718.

Its location on the east bank of the Mississippi River gave it control of the American hinerland and it
became strategically important to many nations. It was transferred from France to Spain, returned to
France,and finally sold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803. The city was the site of a famous
battle fought in 1815 between the British, who hoped to control it , and the Americans under General
And rew Jackson.


The riverbed of the Mississippi is constantly silting and the river is now actually higher than the city.
Levees hold back the river and giant pumps are used to move water from the city into the river.

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