-多少次我告诉自己

2021年1月23日发(作者：度假山庄)


一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解


It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling completely foreign to
her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a
heart attack.

She didn't share similar symptoms with someone who was likely to have a heart attack. She
exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical history, I found
that her cholesterol (
胆固醇
) level was sky-high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering
statin (
他汀
) medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she
had read about statins on the Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news.

While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation
might
lead
to
an
increase
in
deaths.
As
is
true
with
fake
news
in
general,
medical
lies
tend
to
spread further than truths on the Internet
—
and they have very real bad consequences.

False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side effects through
the

effect
(
反安慰剂效应
)

Sometimes
patients
benefit
from
an
intervention
(
干预
)
simply because they believe they will
—
that's the placebo effect (
安慰剂效应
). The nocebo effect
is
the
opposite.
Patients
can
experience
harmful
effects
because
they
anticipate
them.
This
is
very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling
muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study,
almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs.


What
else
is
on
the
fake
news
hit
list?
As
always,
vaccines
(
疫苗
) .
False
concerns
that
the
vaccine may cause side effects have greatly reduced coverage rates.


Cancer
is
another
big
target
for
pushers
of
medical
misinformation
—
many
of
whom
refuse
alternative therapies.
your
body
attempts
to
contain
the
harmful
cells,
one
fake
news
story
reads.
It
warns
that
prescription medications lead to the uncontrolled cell mutations (
变异
) .


Silicon
Valley
needs
to
face
this
problem.
I
am
not
a
free-speech
lawyer,
but
when
human
health
is
at
risk,
perhaps
search
engines,
social
media
platforms
and
websites
should
be
held
responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. Meanwhile, journalists should do a better
job of spreading accurate information.

（
1
）
We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.

A. the woman paid little attention to her daily diets

B. the unhealthy lifestyle might lead to the woman's heart attack

C. the symptom of the heart attack was familiar to the woman

D. the woman didn't take the prescription due to fake medical news

（
2
）
According to the passage, the placebo effect functions because patients ________.

A. neglect necessary treatment
B. discontinue the harmful drugs

C. believe the benefits of an intervention D. suffer more side effects

（
3
）
What does the author mean by claiming that
paragraph?

A. He is a lawyer very easy to speak to.

B. He is good at speaking because of his job.

C. He is available to give a speech on the law.

D. He is very cautious when speaking something

（
4
）
The main purpose of the passage is to ________.

A. remind us to take medication as prescribed

B. warn us against fake medical news on the Internet

C. encourage journalists to report more positive news events

D. teach us how to distinguish fake medical news on the Internet

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物 的网
络谣言有巨大的杀伤力。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
”...,but she never picked up the prescription because of
the scary things she had read about stains on the Internet.
她从来没有拿过这个处方，因为她
在网上看到关于他汀的可怕事情 ，可知，由于虚假的医疗信息，这名女子没有服用那个处
方药。故选
D
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“Sometimes
patients
benefit
from
an
intervention
simply because they believe they will
—

that's the placebo effect.”
有时患者从干预中获益仅仅
是因为他们相信他们会
——
这就是安慰剂效应，可 知，安慰剂效应的作用是因为患者相信
干预的好处。故选
C
。


（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的
“I
am
not
a
free
-speech
lawyer,
but
when
human
health
is
at
risk,perhaps
search
engines,
social
media
platforms
and
websites
should
be
held
responsible for promoting or hosting fake info rmation.”
我不是一个言论自由的律师，但当人类
健康受到威胁时，或许搜索引擎、社 交媒体平台和网站应该为推广或提供虚假信息负责，
可知，他不赞成随口造谣、传谣的，同时他说话很谨 慎。故选
D
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend
to spread further than truths on the Internet
—and they have very real bad consequences.”
就像
假新 闻一样，医学上的谎言在网络上传播得比真相还远，而且后果非常严重；以及文章中
的例子可知，全文的 主要目的是通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言
有巨大的杀伤力，来教我们如何辨别 网上的假医疗新闻。故选
B
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解， 词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文 的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选
出正确答案。


2
．
阅读理解


NASA has a new job listing, and it's no joke. The US space agency is looking for a
their planned mission to Mars.

A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles (225
million
kilometers)
away
from
Earth.
A
trip
there
would
take
around
eight
months
in
a
small
spacecraft. And Mars has a communications delay of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will
have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergency happens.



living with
others
in
a
confined
space
for
a
long
period
of
time, such
as
on
a
mission
to
Mars,
problems are
likely
to
occur,
Jeffrey Johnson,
a
scientist
at
the
University
of
Florida, told The Guardian.

This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor.
have the ability to pull everyone together,

In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren't alone. By laughing together,
we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying.

There are other examples of team
by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom,
a cook at Amundsen's team, was a
Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team.


But
if
you're
hoping
that
your
favorite
TV
comedian
will
fly
to
Mars,
that
probably
won't
happen.


an excellent engineer.

Besides, they must be in top physical condition.

（
1
）
What is NASA's new job listing?

A. A funny engineer.
B. A talented clown.
C. A good cook.
D. A popular comedian.

（
2
）
What does

A. a full space
B. an empty space
C. an open space
D. a small space.

（
3
）
How does the author think humor can help astronauts?

A. It can stop them from feeling bored. B. It can promote teamwork on a mission.

C. It can make them feel less homesick. D. It can help them know themselves better.

（
4
）
What's the author's purpose of giving the example of the cook?

A. To tell us that what explorers eat on their journey is very important.

B. To prove that an amateur can play a more important role than a professional.

C. To make the point that humorous people can cheer people up in difficult situations.

D. To reveal that a mission to Mars is more difficult than a journey to the South Pole.

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由美国宇航局寻找一位幽默的工程师来和宇航 员一
起执行航天任务介绍了幽默对宇航员的重要作用。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
“‘Being funny won't be enough to land somebody
the job,’ Johnson said. ‘They also need to be an excellent e ngineer.’”
可知，美国宇航局的新工作
是幽默的工程师，故选
A
。


（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“ such as on a mission to Mars, ”
可知，与在地球上生
活的宽广空间不 同，在火星任务中，你需要和其他人一起在狭小的航天器内生活很长一段
时间，由此可知画线词词义为< br>“
狭小的空间、有限的空间
”
，故选
D
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“These
are.
people
that
have
the
ability
to
pull
everyone
together,”
可知， 幽默的人有能力把每个人都团结在一起，也就是说幽默能够促进
宇航员在任务中的团队合作，故选
B
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的
“In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know
we aren't alone. By laughing together, we share our s tress.”
可知，在压力大的情况下，幽默是
一种减压的方式，第六段第一句话又说有很多 团队小丑的例子，紧接着举厨师的例子就是
为了证明这一点，即：幽默的人能使人在困难的情况下振作起 来，故选
C
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理 判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进 行分析，推理，从而选
出正确答案。


3
．
阅读理解


A video of a three-year-old girl being kicked by her own mother during a photo shot went viral
(
疯狂传播
) on Thursday, indicating China's under per forma nee in regulating the emerging child
modeling industry.

The girl, known as Niu Niu, was physically abused by her mother in several videos. The videos
have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike. Many netizens and scholars call for local
authorities to carry out further investigations into possible child abuse.

In response to the public outcry (
强烈抗议
), Niu Niu's mother issued an apology via Sina Wei
bo on Thursday, condemning accusations of abuse. She noted that she was merely guiding her
daughter for better shots and the girl is well looked after.


Despite
her
apology,
many
E-shops
which
used
Niu
Niu's
images
for
brand
promotion
have
canceled their cooperation with the mother, while over 110 well-known child garment shops on
Taobao have signed up for a campaign to provide better protection for child models.



is
necessary
to
adopt
comprehensive
laws
and
regulations
to
further
protect
the
kids,
preventing their parents and companies from exploiting (
利用
) them,
child protection expert, said.

Niu Niu is not alone. In Zhili, a small
town in Zhejiang province, thousands of children from
across China are taken here by their parents to seize the chance of fame. With a population of
450,000. Zhili has over 13,000 manufacturers of child clothing. In 2017, the town earned over 7
billion yuan by selling do thing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models.



current
advertisement
law
isn't
workable
when
it
comes
to
the
industry
of
child
modeling, as it lacks clear supervision measures and clear legal punishment.
important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.

（
1
）
What caused the public outcry?

A. Videos showing how child models work.

B. Problems in Chinese advertising industry.

C. Several cases of child abuse in recent China.

D. A girl being physically abused by her mother.

（
2
）
What happened after the public outcry?

A. Taobao canceled the account of Niu Niu.

B. The local police charged Niu Niu's mother.

C. Niu Niu's mother admitted abusing her daughter.

D. Shops stopped their cooperation with the mother.

（
3
）
What provided chances for Chinese child models?

A. The appearance of online shopping. B. The huge online sales of child clothing.

C. The fast development of manufacturing. D. The change of parents' ideas about success.

（
4
）
Which opinion may Fang Zhiqing agree with?

A. China should regulate child modeling.

B. There are too many child models in China.

C. New economic laws should be issued in Chinch.

D. China s current advertisement law isn't workable.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了一个叫妞妞的儿童模特遭到了母亲的 身体
虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议以及人们对儿童模特行业的思考。


（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“The
girl,
known
as
Niu
Niu,
was
ph
ysically
abused
by
her mother in several videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike.”
可
知，视频中，一个叫 妞妞的女孩遭到了母亲的身体虐待引起了公众的强烈抗议，故选
D
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“Despite
her
apology,
many
E
-shops
which
used
Niu
Niu's images for brand promotion ha
ve canceled their cooperation with the mother,”
可知，在公
众的强烈抗议之后，很多网店停止了与妞妞母亲的合作， 故选
D
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“In
2017,
the
town
earned
over
7
billion
yuan
by
selling do thing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models.”
可知，
2017
年，这个浙江的小镇通过在网 上销售童装赚了
70
多亿元，这为儿童模特提供了机会，可
知，童装在网上的巨大销量 为中国的儿童模特提供了机会，故选
B
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“It
is
important
to
issue
new
laws
which
regulate
child modeling.”
可推断 ，方志清会同意中国应颁布新的法律来规范儿童模特行业，故选
A
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要
准确捕捉细 节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


4
．
阅读理解


Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn't flat. Nope, your hair
and nails don't grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you
swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and won't choke to death. It's debatable whether
that last one there is common knowledge or not. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritten as a
question,
shows
articles
addressing
this
point
going
back
several
years,
with
the
latest
(re)appearing just this week over on
ScienceAlert
. We suppose it's one of those things that come
up from time to time, like what would happen if you attack Yellowstone with a nuclear weapon
(not much, as it turns out).

If you jump over to Bic's website, under their FAQs (frequently asked questions), it quite clearly
states:

reason
that
some
BIC®
pens
have
a
hole
in
their
cap
is
to
prevent
the
cap
from
completely
obstructing
the
airway
if
accidentally
breathed
in.
This
is
requested
by
the
international safety standards ISO11540, except for in cases where the cap is considered too large
to be a choking risk.


That's
rather
lovely
of
them.
In
appreciation
of
their
want
to
not
kill
off
their
more
clumsy
customers, we thought we'd share a few more random facts about Bic that are probably going to
come
up
in
a
pub
quiz
one
day.
Did
you
know,
for
example,
that
each
Bic
ballpoint
pen
can
produce at least 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of ink before it begins to run out? In fact, in 2018, 7,250
kilometers
(4,505
miles)
of
writing
tests
on
such
pens
were
carried
out
on
ballpoint
pens,
gel
pens(
中性笔
), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.

The best part of the Bic site, however, is this rather curious fact:
made
through
a
highly-controlled
process.
As
opposed
to
a
highly
uncontrolled
process,
involving explosions and bouncy castles and total chaos, we suppose.

（
1
）
Why does the author mention the case of Yellowstone?

A. To list the facts. B. To prove his point.

C. To compare the two situations.
D. To emphasize the importance of safety.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word

A. Block.
B. Open.
C. Transform.
D. Narrow.

（
3
）
Why were the writing tests on pens carried out?

A. To work out their lifespan. B. To assure their good quality.

C. To prove some random facts.
D. To compare different pens with each other.

（
4
）
In what tone does the author develop the text?

A. Critical. B. Acid. C. Humorous. D. Serious.

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔是为了防止那些粗 心的
使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。


（< br>1
）考查推理判断。毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就
像 如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观
点，故选
B
。


（
2
）考查词义猜测。此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽 吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止
笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选
A
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的

fact,
in
2018,
7,250
kilometers
(4,505
miles)
of
writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(
中性笔
), and rollers to
make sure they worked to the highest standard.
可知，举行书写测试的 目的是为了确保笔能
够达到最高的标准，故选
B
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的

things
should
just
be
common
knowledge
by
now.
The
Earth
isn't
flat.
Nope,
your
hair
and
nails
don't
grow
after
you
die.

和第三段中的

rather
lovely
of
them.
In
appreciation
of
their
want
to
not
kill
off
their
more
clumsy
customers
等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选
C
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个 题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正 确答案。


5
．
阅读理解


A science teacher from rural Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students
has been awarded the world's best teacher and $$ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179
countries.
Peter
Tabichi,
36,
a
maths
and
physics
teacher
at
Keriko
secondary
school
in
Pwani
Village, has won the Varkey Foundation Global Teacher Prize 2019.

Tabichi gives away 80% of his income to help the poorest students at the poorly-equipped and
overcrowded school who could not otherwise afford uniforms and books. More than 90% of his
students are from poor families and almost a third are orphans or have only one parent. Drug
abuse, teenage pregnancies, leaving off their studies, young marriages and suicide are common.
Students have to walk 7 km along roads that can become impassable in the rainy season to reach
the school and the area can be affected by drought and starvation.

Despite only having one computer, a poor Internet connection and a student-teacher ratio of
58:1,
Tabichi
started a

nurturing
club
and
expanded
the
school's
science
club,
helping
students design research projects of such quality that many now qualify for national competitions.

His students have taken part in international science competitions and won an award from the
Royal
Society
of
Chemistry
after
using
local
plant
life
to
generate
electricity.
Tabichi
and
four
colleagues
also
give
struggling
students
one-to-one
tuition
in
maths
and
science,
visiting
students' homes and meeting their families to identify the challenges they face.

Accepting the prize, Tabichi said Africa's young people would no longer be held back by low
expectations.
one day famous in every corner of the world.

（
1
）
What made Peter Tabichi win the prize in 2019?

A. Giving away $$ 1 million to education.
B. Teaching in secondary schools for 36 years.

C. Fighting drought and starvation in Africa. D. Helping the poorer students in rural Kenya.

（
2
）
Why did Tabichi start the

A. To contribute most of his income.

B. To expand national competitions.

C. To guide students to design research projects.

D. To encourage students to grasp opportunities.

（
3
）
Which of the following best describes Peter Tabichi as a teacher?

A. Independent.
B. Caring.
C. Humorous.
D. Interesting.

（
4
）
What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. African education cost is expected to get lower.

B. Africa is in desperate need of young scientists.

C. Tabichi is not pleased until he is known worldwide.

D. Tabichi has high expectations for young Africans.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，肯尼亚农村教师彼得
·
塔 比奇由于资助贫困学生获
得了世界最佳教师奖。


（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“A
science
teacher
from
rural
Kenya
who
gives
away
most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $$ 1
million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries.”
一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师 获得
了世界最佳教师奖，并获得了
100
万美元的奖金，他将自己的大部分工资捐给了 贫困学
生。可推知，助肯尼亚农村贫困学生让彼得
·
塔比奇赢得了
2019< br>年世界最佳教师奖。故选
D
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Despite
only
having
one
computer,
a
po
or
Internet
connection
and
a
student-
teacher
ratio
of
58:1,
Tabichi
started
a
‘talent
nurturing
club’
and
expanded the school's science club, helping students design research projects of such quality that
many now qualify for national competition s.”
尽管只有一台电脑，网络连接不畅，师生比例为
58:1
，但他还是创办了一个
“
人才培养俱乐部
”
，并扩大了学校的科学俱乐部，帮助学生设
计出 质量如此之高的研究项目，现在许多学生都有资格参加全国性的竞赛）可知，他创办
“
人才培养 俱乐部
”
，是为了帮助学生设计一些研究项目。故选
C
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“A
science
teacher
from
rural
Kenya
who
gives
away
most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $$ 1
million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries.”
一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师 获得
了世界最佳教师奖，并获得了
100
万美元的奖金，他将自己的大部分工资捐给了 贫困学
生；及第二段中的
“Tabichi
gives
away
80%
of
his
income
to
help
the
poorest
students
at
the
poorly-equipped and overcrowded
school who could not otherwise afford uniforms and books.”
塔比奇把他
80%
的收入捐给了设备简陋、人满为患的学校，帮助那些买不起校服和书籍的< br>最贫困学生。可知，塔比奇将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学校和学生。由此可知，塔比
奇是一个 非常有爱心的好老师。故选
B
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Africa
will
produce
scientists,
engineers
and
entrepreneurs whose names will be
one day famous in every corner of the world.”
他说
“< br>非洲将
培养出科学家、工程师和企业家，他们的名字总有一天会在世界各地家喻户晓。可推知，< br>塔比奇对非洲年轻人充满了很高的期望。故选
D
。


【点评 】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要
准确掌握细节信息，并 根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


6
．
阅读理解


Harvard Pre- College Program

SESSION I:

2019

college experience.

HERE YOU CAN:

Learn without limits


Pursue
your
interests
in
courses
focusing
on
physics,
law,
writing,
philosophy,
and
a
dozen
other subjects.

Live at Harvard

You will live in a historic undergraduate house near Harvard Square.

Your plan covers three meals a day, seven days a week.

Have fun outside the classroom

You might enjoy a Cirque du Sileil performance, a Red Sox game at Fenway Park, or a trip to the
Museum of Science.

ELIGIBILITY (
申请资格
)

Students are academically motivated and will graduate in 2020 or 2021.

TO APPLY


Complete
an
online
application
and
provide
the
following
materials:
the
$$50
nonrefundable
application fee; transcripts (
成绩单
) with fall 2018 grades; signed rules and regulations.

INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS

Participants should apply for the B-2 tourist visa. If English is not your native language, submit
scores from the TOEFLor IELTS language proficiency exam.

APPLICATION TIPS

No fee is required to start your application. You will be asked to pay the application fee only
upon submitting the application.

The scores of successful applicants are typically above 103 on the TOEFL with 25 on the written
section or at least 7.5 on the IELTS with 7 on the written section.

Use a desktop or laptop. You will be asked to write short essays as part of your application. This
may be challenging to do on a mobile phone.

You will receive an email informing you of the application status approximately three weeks
after you have completed your application.

（
1
）
Harvard organizes such a program to ______.

A. reduce students' academic pressure

B. select good students to join in Harvard

C. make students obtain high grades in their study

D. help students prepare for their future college life

（
2
）
What can we learn about the program?

SESSION II:

2019

SESSION III:

2019

June 23
—
July 5,

July 7
—
July 19,

July 21
—
August 2,


Our
summer
program
for
high
school
students
is
designed
to
pave
the
way
for
a
successful
A. Students are offered three meals except weekends.

B. It merely has two sessions during one summer.

C. It provides courses on various subjects for students.

D. Students can live in a hotel near Harvard.

（
3
）
If
you
are
a
native
student
who
wants
to
apply
for
the
program,
you
need
to
provide
______.

A. a B-2 tourist visa B. transcripts with your fall 2018 grades

C. scores from the TOEFL exam D. a recommendation letter from your high school teacher

（
4
）
The applicants can learn from the application tips that ______.

A. their TOEFL or IELTS scores should meet the requirements

B. the application fee should be paid before they start applying

C. it is convenient to use any electronic products to apply

D. they can check the application status in a week

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了哈佛大学帮助学生为大学生活做准备而 开设
的一个暑期项目的情况。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段
”Our
summer
program
for
high
school
students
is
designed
to pave the way for a successful college experience.“
我们的高中 生暑期项目是为成功的大学生
活铺平道路的。）可知哈佛大学组织了这样一个项目来帮助学生为他们未来 的大学生活做
准备。故选
D
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
Learn
without
limits
部分中的
”Pursue
your
interests
in
courses
focusing
on
physics,
law,
writing,
philosophy,
and
a
dozen
other
subjects.“
在物理、法律、写
作、哲学和其他十几个学科上追求你的兴趣。 可知项目为学生提供不同学科的课程。故选
C
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据
TO
APPLY
部分中的
”Complete
an
online
application
and
provide
the
following
materials:
the
$$50
nonrefundable
application
fee;
transcripts
(
成绩单
)
with
fall
2018
grades;
signed
rules
and
regulations.“
完成网上申请，并提供以下材料
:50
美元的不可退
还的申请费
;2018
年秋季成绩单
;
签署规 章制度。可知如果你是本地学生，想要申请这个项
目，你需要提供
2018
年秋季的成 绩单。故选
B
。


（
4
）考查细节理解。根据
APPLICATION TIPS
部分中
”* The scores of successful applicants are
typically above 103 on the TOEFL with 25 on the written section or at least 7.5 on the IELTS with 7
on
the
written
section.“
成功申请者的托福成绩一般在
103
分以上，写作部分< br>25
分，雅思至
少
7.5
分，写作部分
7
分。可知申 请者可以从
APPLICATION
TIPS
中了解到他们的托福或雅
思成 绩应该达到的分数要求。故选
A
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理 解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。


7
．
阅读理解


British Museum Visitor Regulations

Opening hours


We
open
the
Museum's galleries
daily
from 10
：
00 am
until
17
：
30
pm.
We
keep
selected
galleries open until 20
：
30 pm on Fridays.

The Museum's Great Court is open from 9:00 am until 18:00 pm; except on Fridays when it
remains open until 20:30 pm.

You may be asked by your staff to begin leaving up to ten minutes before closing time.

The Museum is closed 24-26 December and 1 January.

Admission

We warmly welcome you on your visit to the Museum. In the interests of the security of all of
our visitors we require you follow these regulations.

Admission to the Museum is free, but we may charge for entry to some temporary exhibitions
and events.

Food and drink

You aren't allowed to consume food and drink inside the Museum, except in places such as the
restaurant and cafes or the forecourt. Families with children may use the Ford Centre for young
visitors in the basement of the Museum's Great Court at weekends and during school holidays.

Animals

If you have a disability, you may be accompanied in the Museum by your guide, assistant or
companion
animal.
You
aren't
allowed
to
bring
animals
into
the
Museum
under
any
other
circumstance.

Film, photography and audio recording


Except
the
place
that
are
indicated
by
notices,
you're
permitted
to
use
hand- held
cameras
(including mobile phones) with flash bulbs or flash units, and audio and film recording equipment
not
requiring
a
stand.
You
may
use
your
photographs,
film
and
audio
recordings
only
for
your
own private and non-commercial purposes.

（
1
）
When can visitors visit the Museum?

A. At 18:30 pm on weekends.
B. At 14:00 am on Christmas Day.

C. At 19:00 pm on Fridays. D. At 11:00 am on New Year's Day.

（
2
）
Who are the regulations mainly intended for?

A. The visitors.
B. The staff.
C. The parents.
D. The children.

（
3
）
What can visitors do in the Museum?

A. Eat and drink as they like.
B. Take along their pet dogs.

C. Record films for sale. D. Take photos for personal purpose.

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了大英博物馆的游客守则。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
Opening hours
部分中的
“The Museum's Great Court is open from
9:00
am
until
18:00
pm;
except
on
Fridays
when
it
remains
open
until
20:30
pm.”
及
“The
Museum
is
closed
24-
26
December
and
1
Janua ry.”
可知，大英博物馆从上午
9
点开放到下午
18
点，周五开放 到晚上
20:30
，
12
月
24
日至
26
日圣诞节期间和
1
月
1
日新年是闭馆的，
由此可知，你可以在星期五 晚上
19:00
去参观，故选
C
。


（
2
）考查推理判断。纵观全文，以及标题
“British
Museum
Visitor
Regulations”
可知，本文介绍的是大英博物馆的游客守则，自然是针对游客的，故选
A
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据
Film,
photography
and
audio
recording
部分中的
“You
may
use
your
photographs,
film
and
audio
recordings
only
for
your
own
private
and
non- commercial
purposes.”
可知，大英博物馆里允许游客出于个人目的或非 商业目的拍照，故选
D
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理 判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从 而选出正确答案。


8
．
阅读理解



For
most
of
us,
work
is
the
central,
dominating
fact
of
life.
We
spend
more
than
half
our
conscious
hours
at
work,
preparing
for
work,
traveling
to
and
from
work.
What
we
do
there
largely determines our standard of living and our status to a considerable extent. It is sometimes
said that because leisure has become more important, the injustices of work can be pushed into
a
corner,
and
that
because
most
work
is
pretty
intolerable,
the
people
who
do
it
should
compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the
other
parts
of
their
lives.
For
the
foreseeable
future,
however,
the
material
and
psychological
rewards which work can provide will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction
that life can offer.

Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions where their
work
is
done;
only
for
a
small
minority
does
work
offer
scope
for
creativity,
imagination
or
initiative.

Inequality at work is still one of the most glaring (
明显的
) forms of inequality in our society.
We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise from
the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we handle it determinedly.

The most glaring inequality is that between managers and the rest. For most managers, work is
an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop their
abilities.
They
are
constantly
learning.
They
are
able
to
exercise
responsibility.
They
have
a
considerable degree of control over their own and others' working lives. Most important of all,
they have opportunities to initiate. By contrast, for most manual workers, work is a boring, dull,
even painful experience. They spend all their working lives in intolerable conditions. The majority
have
little
control
over
their
work.
It
provides
them
with
no
opportunity
for
personal
development. Many jobs are so routine that workers feel themselves to be mere cogs (
齿轮
) in
the bureaucratic machine. As a direct consequence of their work experience, many workers feel
alienated (
疏远
) from their work and their firm.

（
1
）
In the writer's opinion, people judge others mainly by ________.

A. the type of work they do
B. the place where they work

C. the time they spend at work
D. the amount of money they earn

（
2
）
According to the writer, to solve problems in an industrial society, we ________.

-多少次我告诉自己

-多少次我告诉自己

-多少次我告诉自己

-多少次我告诉自己

-多少次我告诉自己

-多少次我告诉自己

-多少次我告诉自己

-多少次我告诉自己