-苏州东吴翻译社

2021年1月23日发(作者：宋江)


含解析
(
有答案和解析
)
【英语】高一英语阅读理解试题



一、高中英语阅读理解

阅读理解
1
．
) equality in the workplace has come,
性别




Regardless of how far we'd like to believe gender(there's still a yawning gap between male and female
leaders in the professional world. A 2018

500 positions at S&P just nowadays hold 5.8 percent of CEOs statistic shows that women
women are




While it's not

positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead



companies, according to ship somewhat underrepresented in a huge shock that

in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business
School.)2,900
，
Professor yvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (
调查




In their
researchmanagers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored
higher


than men in four of the five major leadership
-
centric categories.



While some people believe that
men inherently make better leaders
—

probably because they

picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women
—

this

piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal
-
setting,


openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.



There was
one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on

emotional stability and ability to face job
-
related pressure and stress. The results suggest that


women are more sensitive to the effects of high
-
pressure or highly emotional situations.



Obviously
，
it's important to consider individual(
个人的
) differences. Anyone, regardless of

gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time you're hiring for a

management position, you just might want to give the resumes(
简历
) from female candidates a


harder look.

What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?











1
）
（

B. Men take
almost all high positions.A. Women are worse than men.




























D. Women might behave better in every field.C. There is a huge gap between genders.












Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ''inherently
”

in paragraph
4?











）
（
2

A. properly

























B. potentially

























C. naturally

























D. normally

Which of the following may be the best title of
this text?











）
（
3

A. How We Can Figure Out The Boss.
















B. Why Women
Are Better Than Men.


C. Why Women Make The Best Bosses.













D. How We Can Tell Gender Difference.
（

A. Job hunters.





















Who might have special interest in this article?











4
）
B. Employers.



















C. Employees.



















D. Male bosses.

D
）
【答案】
（
1

C2
（）

C
）
（
3

B

）
4
（
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在工作领域 男性领导人和女性
领导人地位存在不平等现象，
作者指出在领导位置上，
女性可能在各 个领域表现更好，
倡议雇主
在招聘领导岗．


位员工时应多考虑女性。
may females the fact that
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“
what is
surprising though, is (1)actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new
findings from the

可知让人惊讶的是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表
Norwegian Business School.
”
BI


。
现更好。
故选
Dmake that men inherently (2)
考查词义猜测。
根据第四段中的
“
While some people
believe


probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more better leaders
—可
知人们认为男性自然能成为更好的领导者，划线词是自然
men than women
”
typical of


。
地。
故选
Cat are better of research suggests that women (3)
考查主旨大意。
根据第四段中的
“
this
piece

as as well openness, sociability and supportiveness, methodical management and goal
-
setting,

为什么女性是最可知本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此“
ability to communicate clearly.
”

。
好的老板”符合题意。故选
Cu're hiring for a management position,
“
But next time yo(4)
考查推理
判断。根据最后一段中的下次你雇
) from female candidates a harder look.
”
you just might want to
give the resumes(
简历

。佣管理岗位 员工时，得知雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选
B
【点评】
本题考点涉及细节理解，< br>词义猜测，
推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，
是一篇社会现象类阅
读，要求 考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，

进行分析，推理，概
括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。







2
．
阅读理解
French Scrabble




In 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000
words in the entire


in just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards' impressive feat is a Dictionaryreal
AI. Both of Richard and AI take in useful example to show how artificial intelligence works
—
massive
amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a
humans at

routine tasks
—
provided the task is in one field with a lot of data
—
it is technically capable of



certain field.



The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI can outperform

replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.



But not
every job will be replaced by AI. In fact

four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First,


there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists,

novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs
—
executives, diplomats, economists

—

go well beyond the AI limitation of single
-
field and Big Data. Then there are the as
-
yet
-

unknown
jobs that will be created by AI.



Are you worried that these three types of jobs won't employ as
many people as AI will replace?

Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as

teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy
—
which AI

does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have


cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.





So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so

people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can


provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.

What is the main purpose of
paragraph 1?











）
（
1

A. To introduce the topic.

B. To mention Nigel's feat.

C. To stress the
importance of good memory.

D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.

Which of the following
best explains outperform underlined in paragraph 2?











）
（
2

A. Be superior to
















B. Be inferior to
















C. Be similar to
















D. Be related to


（
3

D. The


Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?











）
psychologist.C. The babysitter.











A. The writer.











B. The shop assistant.
















Which of the following suggestions can the author give about job replacement of AI?











）
（
4

A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.

B. Get more support from the government.

C.
Apply for the donation from companies.

D. Upgrade people's professional skills all the time.

A1
）
【
答案】

（

A2
）
（

B3
）
（

D


4
）
（
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文， 人工智能有取代人类工作的潜
力
,
但是
,
并非所有工作都会被人工智 能取代
,
有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。
因此
,
在人工智能时代人类仍然会有

这样人们才能从事这些工作。
,
工作
,
关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训

（
1
）考
查推理判断。根据第一 段可知一个名叫奈杰尔·理查兹（
Nigel Richards
）的人在短短九周内记住了《法国拼字游戏词典》中的
386,000
个单词。但是
,
他不会说法 语。其展示了人工智能是如何
工作的。而后文主要与人工智能有关
,
由此推断作者写第 一段的目的是引

。
A
出人工智能这个话
题。
故选

（
2
）
考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的
“
Beca use AI can outperform humans at routine tasks
—
provided the task is in one field with a lot of data
”
可知
AI
可以在日常任务中
outperform
人类
（前
提是该任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中；以及“
it is technically capable of replacing

hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.
”
可知从技术上讲,
人工智
能具有在未来大约
15
年里取代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能 力。结合下文推断人工智能能够
具有取代人类的工作是因为
AI
在日常任务中表现超过 了人类
,
划线词的意思是胜

。故选
A,
过
,
超
过

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“
First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a

goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can.
”可知四种类型的 工作完全
没有风险。
首先
,
有创造性的工作。
人工智能不可能像科学 家
,
小说家和艺术家那样进行发明创造。
也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除
A
；再根据第四段中的“
as the fourth type

可知需
is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.
”


。
B
和
D
。故选 例如老师
,
保姆和医生也不大可能被取代
,
因此排除
C
要情 感的工作
,
（
4
）考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的“
So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key

then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.
”

可知作者认为在
AI
时代仍然会有
工作
,
关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训
,
这样人们才能 从事这些工作。进行培训是为了得到

。
D,
故选专业技能
,
由此推断作者会给出一直提升人们的专业技能的建议

【点评】本题考点涉及细节
理 解，
词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，
是一篇科技类阅

读，
考 生需要准确掌握细节信息，
并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。



阅读理解
3
．






One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our
planet called Pluto. It was the farthest, coldest, and darkest

thing a child could imagine. We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface

of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. We tried to figure out how much

colder Pluto was than Antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in



tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.



We had heard in school about a

Pennsylvania.



Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a
“
major planet
”

to a
“
dwarf
planet
”
（矮星）

in

2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what
part of what makes it so attractive. Clyde Tombaugh was a

Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self
-
ground
lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaugh's task was to

search millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatory's founder

thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. On February 18
，
1930
，
Tombaugh found it. Pluto

was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst
not a planet. It's a reminder that there are many


it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.



Pluto's underdog discovery story is


).of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (
入侵




Pluto is much more than something that is


worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn't the limit at all. We don't know what kinds


of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.

Why did
Pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?
）
（
1



A. Because it lost its major planet status.

B. Because it disappeared in the sky.

C. Because it was
discovered by an American.

D. Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.

What
can be a suitable title for the text?2
（）



A. An American Scientist: Clyde Tombaugh

B. Pluto was First Discovered by a Boy


C. Pluto's Strange Romance

D. The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania

What can we learn
from the fourth paragraph?
）
（
3



A. Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.

B. Pluto was the only planet
that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.

C. Clyde Tombaugh's job was to build telescopes for Lowell
Observatory.

D. Clyde Tombaugh's telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.

What does
the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably mean?
）
（
4



A. Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.

B. Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar
system.

C. Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.

D. Pluto is not a planet in the
solar system, but it is more than a planet.

A1
）

【答案】
（

C2
）
（

D3
）
（

D


4
）
（
【解析】
【分析】
文章讲述了 小时候作者对冥王星的认识，
以及冥王星被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，
更表现了
冥 王星的神秘和魅力，
这使作者认识到宇宙是无穷的，
也是不断

变化的，
需要我们不停去探索。


( 1 )
推理判断题。根据第三段
Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a
“
major planet
”

to

a
“
dwarf planet
”
（矮星）
in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could

complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system
可知，

。
A
在
2006
年冥王星被 从太阳系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故选
( 2 )
主旨大意题。文
章主 要讲述的是冥王星的被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，
更表现了

。
C
”
概括全文，
故选“它
的神秘和魅力。
C
项冥王星的奇怪浪漫史< br>( 3 )
推理判断题。根据第四段
Clyde Tombaugh was a
Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out

of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self
-
ground lenses.
和
On February 18
，
1930
，
Tombaugh
found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a

moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (
入侵
).
可知，是
Clyde
To mbaugh
用他简陋的仪器发现了冥王星，
成了第一个发现行星的美国人，
并且给黑

。
D
暗的大
萧条时期带来了一线光明。故选
( 4 )
猜测句意题。此句指冥王星的发现并不仅仅是一颗行星，它
还让我们知道了宇宙无限

。
D
大，天空根本不是极限，它们是不断变化的需要我们去探索。故
选

【点评】考查科普类短文阅读。

The World.

Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the

lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too
–––

that's why it made Nov 16th



阅读理解
4
．




There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In

“
International Day for Tolerance
”
.



But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French
philosopher Voltaire, tolerance is the

consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (
脆弱
) and error; let us pardon each


that is the first law of nature.
”

other's fool
–––




Very often, people don't realize that they're
intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to

do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by

males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put
“
intolerance
”
. Are they the best

words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be
“
tolerant
”

of someone

isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's
weakness is something that

we all share. That's the reason we should be tolerant. It's a little like generosity. We can give


themselves in the shoes of women.



It's worth thinking a little about the words
“
tolerance
”

and


something wrong with them.



Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this


things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.





What's the purpose of the UN
“
International Day For Tolerance
”
?











1
）
（
A. To arouse
people's awareness of tolerance among people.









B. To celebrate the founding of



the UN.C. To solve the problem of global warming.









D. To change peopled opinion towards



globalization.

Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?











）
（
2A. Because men
don't realize the purpose of the UN.









B. Because men are physically stronger



than women.C. Because men don't appreciate the shoes of women.









D. Because men are
not willing to



understand women.

Why is it meaningless to use the words
“
tolerance
”

and
“
intolerance
”
?











3
）
（
A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.









B. Because they don't express the
exact



meaning people refer to.C. Because they can't be translated into other languages.









D.
Because they can't be used in a



respectful way.

In what sense is
“
tolerance
”

similar to
“
generosity
”
?











）
（
4

B. Humans
leant to find faults in others.A. Humans are advised to treat others better.











C. Humans need to give something to others.









D. Humans will change their attitudes to



others.

A
）
【答案】
（
1

D2
）
（

B
）
（
3

C

）
（
4
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。人们天性是脆弱 的不
完美的，容易犯错误的，因此
【解析】
．


包容是人 性的体现。
文章通过分析解释人们要宽容待人。
（
1
）
考查推理判断 题。
根据第一段二、
三两句“
Marley understood that part of the reason

why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN

understands this too
---
that's why it made Nov 16th 'International Day for Tolerance'.
”可推断，世界
上 的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把
11
月
16
日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤 起人们的

。
A
包
容意识。
故答案选（
2
）
考查推理判断题。根据第三段尾句
“
But often, the behavior of men toward
women is

intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.
”可知，男性对女性不包容

。
D
是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，
不愿意理解她们。
故答案选
（3
）
考查推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段后三句“
Are they the best words to describe the evils

of which we're speaking here? To agree to be 'tolerant' of someone isn't necessarily a very

respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.
”可
知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，
某人如果 被包容，就暗示着某人有问题，
因此
推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的，因为它们 不能准确表达人们所指的

。意思。
故答案选
B
（
4
）
推理判断题。
根据最后一段最后两句
“
It's a little like generosity. We can give things
to

another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.
”可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容

。
C< br>有点像慷慨。故答案选【点评】本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。
先阅读问< br>题，
然后带着问题，
再读全文，
找出答题所需要的依据，
完成阅读。< br>在词义与句义理解的基础上，
结合上

下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，
分析全文结构都是至关重要的。



阅读理解
．
5




China will green light Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as
part of a

broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare, those at a State Council executive meeting
diagnostic services for some common

and chronic diseases in patients' follow
-
up visits to their doctors. The top levels of hospitals will

be encouraged to provide online services, including consultations (
会诊
), reservations and test
services has

increased accordingly. Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and


chaired by Premier Li Keqiang decided.



Medical institutions will be allowed to provide online


result inquiries.



As China joins the ranks of middle
-
income countries, the demand for health


expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.



One
decision coming out of the meeting says the intelligent review for health insurance will be

applied and the one
-
stop settlement will be advanced. The real
-
time sharing of prescription and


drug retail sales will be explored, as well.



“
We must waste no time in pushing forward the
measures once the decisions made.
”

Li said.

“
In recent years, top
-
level hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of

patents. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and high
-
end medical resources


sill fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.
”





To solve the problem, a two
-
pronged (
双管齐下的
) approach must be taken. One is to

establish medical partnerships to strengthen cooperation between major hospitals and

community clinics. The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote the sharing


of quality medical resources.



The government will see to it that long
-
distance healthcare
services cover all county
-
level

hospitals. So more efforts will be made to ensure that high
-
speed broadband network will be

extended to cover medical institutions in urban and rural areas. Dedicated internet access


services will be set up to meet the needs for long
-
distance healthcare services.





According to the text, which of the following services wont a patient enjoy online?











）
（
1

A. Receiving a medical operation.






















B. Asking doctors for advice after the
test.

C. Several doctors discussion about the disease.









D. Making an appointment with a
doctor in



advance.

Why is the demand for health services increasing in China?











）
（
2

A. The
expense of medical care.

























B. The recognition of health insurance.


D.
The inconvenience of hospital equipment.C. The improvement of people's life quality.












What does Li mean by saying
“
We must waste no time in pushing forward the
measures
”
?











）
（
3

A. The bills are impossible to afford.


















B. The
situations are urgent to improve.

D. The hospitals are unwilling to admit patients.C. The measures are
perfectly worked out,












What can be the suitable title for the text?











4
）
（

A. Modern Hospitals.































B. Online Healthcare on its Way,

D. Wide Applications of Internet Service.C. No More Burden for
General People.















A1
）
【答案】
（

C2
）
（

B3
）
（

B

）
（
4
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要是 关于中
国政府计划开展绿色互联网医疗

服务的详细内容报道。
（
1
）细节理解题。根据第二段“
The top
levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online

services, including consultations (
会诊
), reservations and test result inquiries.
”可知，高级医院被鼓
励可以在线提供的服务包括在线会 诊，预约挂号和检查结果查询。并没有提到医疗手

。
A
术。
故答案 选（
2
）细节理解题。根据第三段“
As China joins the ranks of middle
-
income countries, the

demand for health services has increased accor dingly.
”可知，随着中国进入中等收入国家行列，对
健康服务的需求也随之增加。也就 是说中国人民的生活水平提高，是健康服务需求

。增加的原
因。故答案选
C
（
3
）推理判断题。由原文“
Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of

inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the

general public.
”
，公共卫生服务一直是公众关注的焦点。又由“
In recent years, top
-
level
…
the

growing demand of the public.
”
，
近年来 医疗费用已成为家庭的沉重负担，
高端医疗资源无法满足
公众日益增长的需求。可知，目前医疗 资源不足等问题日益严重和紧迫，所以中国


。
B
政府必须抓紧时间采取措施解决问题。故答案选
by services conducted green light Internet
medical
（
4
）主旨大意题。由文章开头“
China will

及全文内容
l institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare
”
medica

。
可知，文章主要讲了中国政府推行网上医疗服务的消息。故答案选
B
【点评】新闻报道类阅读
理解的解题技巧往往是对整篇
)1
）仔细阅读导语，掌握 新闻主旨：导语
(
即文章的第一句话或第
一自然段




文章的高度概括，正文部分则对导语展开叙述，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。
）运 用查读的
方法明确新闻的细节：根据题干的关键词，采用查读的方法搜寻所考查的细
2

节描述，然后与
选项进行比较，最后确定答案。
）把握文章基本框架，抓住长句和难句 的主干：在阅读新闻报道
类文章时，
首先要了解其
3
基本框架结构，
始终把重点放在文章最主要的内容上，
不要被细枝末
节、
和主旨不相关的
< br>难句所迷惑。
其次，
检测的关键句常常是长句或者含有习语、
难词的句子。


阅读理解
6
．




Our mother earth is going through a very tough situation and we, the entire human
race, are

destroying our environment or unconsciously without even realizing its consequences. Now we

have to act very smartly and plan something to sustain what we still have, getting all necessary
Gardening is an excellent

sustainable gardening, then it will be even more useful for all. Gardening is a favorite hobby for
gardening we need to use different ingredients to grow plants. Some of them are

natural resources like water, soil, sunshine, and many things like this. Using these resources

smartly is a part of sustainable gardening. Some simple techniques include: use less water and

organic things to grow plants; try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening; try

using less energy to drive devices; avoid using plastics in any form while gardening; reuse the

leaves from your garden to fertilize them. These are the basic sustainable measures. To do so we

need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper
our environment. Gardening gives us a

chance to do so. We can also have some pesticide
-
free and fresh food if we grow them in our

garden. This is the right time to do some good to protect our own environment and gardening is

one of the easiest ways. Do you want to start gardening, but you're not sure how? Click here:


support from nature to lead healthy can go you and environmentally friendly idea. If always






many. It is time to channelize your hobby towards a more meaningful motivation.



When we do


resources without wasting any of them.



In today's busy life we don't get much time to spend on


http://www. Garden how .

What does the underlined word
“
channelize in Paragraph 2 refer
to?











）
（
1

A. Cause.

























B. Transform.

























C. Direct.

























D. Associate.


（

B. Avoiding


Which of the following belongs to a sustainable measure?











2
）
fertilizers.A. Using advanced electrical machines.












C. Watering plants with collected rainwater.









D. Clearing away the leaves.


What is the
benefit of sustainable gardening?











）
（
3

A. It requires little water.




























B. It needs no fertilizer.


D. It doesn't waste any resource.C. It breaks up plastics.




































Where is the passage probably taken from?











4
）
（

D. A science report.B. The Internet.












C. A guidebook.












A. A newspaper.

















C1
）
【答案】
（

C
）
（
2

D
）
（
3

B

）
（
4
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文 ，介绍怎样合理利用资
源发展园艺，不浪费资源，不

产生对环境有害的物质以保护地 球。
（
1
）考查词义猜测。本句中
channelize
来源于channel
“渠道，频道”
，根据已有的意思于

。
C选项相结合可知，
channelize
为指导，
导向的意思，
故选（
2
）
考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的
“
try to store rainwater so that you
can use them for


。
Cgardening
”可知，使用存储的雨水来浇灌植物， 是属于可持续发展的措施，故选（
3
）考查
细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“
To do so we need to have proper knowledge about

gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting any of


。可知，用这样的方法，可以合理利用资源，不浪费资源，故选
Dthe m.
”
（
4
）考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“
Clic k here: http://www. garden how .
”可知，

。 本文来源于网站，故
选
B
【
点评】
本题考点涉及细节理解，
词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，
是一篇环保类阅

读，
考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。



阅读理解
7
．




There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In
The World.

Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the

lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too
---
that's why it made Nov 16th


International Day for Tolerance.



But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French
philosopher Voltaire, tolerance s the

consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (
脆弱
) and error; let us pardon each


瑯敨
?
环映潯
???
桴瑡椠
?
桴
?
楦獲
?
慬
?
景渠瑡牵
?



Very often, people don't realize that they're
intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to

do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by

males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put


themselves in the shoes of women.



It's worth thinking a little about the words

olerance and
intolerance. Are they the best

words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be

olerant of someone

isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's
weakness is something that

we all share. That's the reason we should be tolerant. It's a little like generosity. We can give


something wrong with them.



Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this


things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.


What's the purpose of the UN International Day For Tolerance?











1
）
（
A. To arouse
people's awareness of tolerance among people.









B. To celebrate the founding of



the UN.C. To solve the problem of global warming.









D. To change peopled opinion towards



globalization.

Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?











2
）
（
A. Because men
don't realize the purpose of the UN.









B. Because men are physically stronger



than women.C. Because men don't appreciate the shoes of women.









D. Because men are
not willing to



understand women.

Why is it meaningless to use the words

Because they don't express the exact


olerance and
intolerance?











）
（
3A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.









B.

meaning people refer to.C. Because they can't be translated into other languages.









D.
Because they can't be used in a



respectful way.

In what sense is

olerance similar to generosity?











）
（
4

A. Humans are
advised to treat others better.









B. Humans leant to find faults in others.

C. Humans need to
give something to others,









D. Humans will change their attitudes to



others.

A
）
（
1
【答案】

D
）
（
2

B3
）
（

C

4
）
（
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文 ，介绍了国际
宽容日，联合国国际宽容日的目的

是唤起人们对宽容的意识。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段
中的“
Marley understood that part of the reason why there

are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands

this too
---
that's why it made Nov 16th 'International Day for Tolerance'.
”可推 断，世界上的人们缺
乏包容，因此联合国把
11
月
16
日设置为“国 际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。

。
A
故
选（
2< br>）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“
But often, the behavior of men toward women is

intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.
”可知，男性对女性不包容

。
是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为 女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故选
D
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据
倒数 第二段中的“
Are they the best words to describe the evils of

which we're speaking here? To agree to be 'tolerant' of someone isn't necessarily a very

respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.
”可
知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件 值得尊重的事情，
某人如果被包容，就暗示着某人有问题，
因此
推断使用
“宽 容”
或者
“不宽容”
是没有意义的，
因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的

。
B
意思。
故选
to

things give an cWe generosity. like little a
“
It's
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
4
（．

another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.
”可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容

。
C< br>有点像慷慨。故选【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根
据 上下文的

逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

Our brains

have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect



阅读理解
．
8




The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones.
on our ancestors' survival compared to positive things like food or shelter. As a result, you likely


know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy?



Research suggests
that our level of happiness depends partly on factors we cannot control
—
our genes and our life
circumstances. But our level of happiness is also shaped by the choices we

make. If you've been chasing wealth, fame, good looks, material things and power, you may be

looking for happiness in all the wrong places. Psychologists suggest that the following habits
do not. The number of

friends we have is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships

that bring happiness usually involve the sharing of feelings, mutual respect, acceptance, trust and



make people happier.



People who form close relationships tend to be happier than those who

fun.



People who exercise regularly improve both their physical and mental well being. Some


research has shown that exercise can be as effective as medication in treating depression.



When
we are so interested in an activity we enjoy that we lose track of time, we are in a state

of flow. The activity could be making art, playing piano, surfing, or playing a game. People who
if they know what their strengths are and use them

regularly, People who set goals and use their strengths to achieve them tend to be happier.
who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic are more likely to be

happy. Being grateful means being thankful, Bejing mindful means being open to, focusing on and

enjoying the experiences of the present moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about
Dangerous wild animals are a threat to us.A. Negative things are easy to remember.











experience flow in their work or hobbies tend to be happier.



People are more likely to be happy


People are especially happy when they can use their strengths to serve the greater good.



People


the future.

Why does the human brain remember negative things more easily?











1
）
（

B.


C. Our ancestors had no enough food for living.









D. Negative things tend to affect human



survival immediately.

How does the author like looking for happiness in material
things?











）
（
2

A. Uncertain.






















B. Opposed.






















C. Supportive.






















D. Optimistic.

What does the author suggest us in the last
paragraph?











3
（）

B. Leading a happy life each day.A. Enjoying our life and work.


























D. Thinking more about the future.C. Being positive in our life and work.













What does this text mainly tell us?











）
4
（．


B. How to remember positive things easily.A. The factors that make people happy.














C. The habits which people form in their life.









D. Why people remember negative things



easily.

D1
）
【答案】
（

B2
）
（

C3
）
（

A

）
（
4
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，真正能使我
们快乐的并不是物质的东西，作者在文

中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯。
（
1
考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“
Our brains have developed this way because threats, like

dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect on our ancestors' survival compared to positive

things like food or shelter.
”可知负面的东西相对于积极的东西对我们祖先的生存有更直接的

。
D
影响，
所以更容易被记住。
故选
（
2
）
考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的
“
If you've been chasing wealth,
fame, good looks,

material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places.
”
一直追求财富、
名誉、美貌 、物质和权力，你可能会在所有错误的地方寻找幸福。由此可见作者对

。寻找物质
上 的幸福持反对态度，
故选
B
（
3
）
考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的
“
People who think positively
by being grateful,

mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy.
”
积极 乐观的人感恩，
专注，
乐观，
更容易快乐。
以及下文几者之间的内在关系可知 作者建议我们在生活和工作中要积极乐观，故选

。
C
（
4
）考
查主旨大意。作者在文中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯，
如建立亲密关系，
锻炼 ，
了解自己的
优点，感恩，专注，乐观积极的生活态度等。即使人快乐的因素，故选

。
A
【点评】本题考点
涉及细节理解，
推理判断和主旨大意三个题型 的考查，
是一篇生活类阅读，
要求考生在捕捉细节
信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的 逻辑关系，进行分析，推

理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确
答案。





阅读理解
．
9

Spanish Language & Culture Program



While improving your language skills, you
can learn about Spanish culture. With the help, of


courses in art, tourism, cinema and more....taught in Spanish.





Place: Alicante. Spain





Price:
$$ 3.495





Dates:





Program: from May 5th. 2019 to June 1st, 2019





Application: by March
1st, 2019Withdrawal: before April 1st.2019





Application:





Complete application





GPA:not less than 2.5.






$$ 95 online application fee





Education completed: high school graduate





Program
Details



You'll take 1 language course and 1 culture course. language courses meet for 60class
hours/ 4

credits(
学分
). While culture courses meet for 20 hours/1 credit. Language and culture courses
you leave for Alicante, you will choose your preferred courses and take a language

placement exam. You'll be admitted to courses based on their availability. So it is in your best

interest to have your home university agree with many courses before you set off for Alicante. To

make sure that you receive the credit for the language level that is fit for you, have your home

university pre
-
agree with courses at several levels before you leave for Spain. Please ask your



meet daily. Monday
-
Friday. Active learning of your courses may be scheduled for Fridays.



Before

advisor at your home university about credit guidelines.





Where You'll Study and Stay



Lying
on one of Spain's most. attractive campuses, the University of Alicante allows you to take

part in classes and activities: with Spanish and other international can choose CEA

housing or prepare your own independent housing. CEA housing will make every effort to match


your housing requests.

When can you take back your application?











1
）
（

June 1st.
2019.

April 1st .2019.

May 5th, 2019.

th
, March 5

What can we learn about this
program?











）
（
2

of the courses costs $$95.

school freshmen can apply for it.

ts can get 5 credits after finishing the program.

learning courses should be booked
ahead of time.

What should you do before leaving for Alicante?











）
（
3

as many
credits as possible.

e many choices of courses.

e your communication skill.


your chosen courses at your home university.

B1
）
【答案】

（

C2
）
（

B


3
）
（

【分析】本文是一
篇应用文，介绍了一个学习西班 牙语和西班牙文化的项目。
【解析】

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据< br>Dates
部分中的“
Withdrawal: by April1st, 2019
”可知，在
2019
年

。日之前可以撤回对这一项目
的申请，故选
B4
月
1
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
Program Details
部分中的“
You'll take 1 language
course and 1

culture course. language courses meet for 60class hours/ 4 credits(
学分
). While culture courses
个小时，
60
你将会有一门语言课，一门文化课程。语言课程上
credit.< br>”
hours/1 20 for meet

获得
4
学分 。文化课程上
20
个小时，获得
1
学分。可知，该项目结课时，学生一共可获

。
C
得
5
个学分。故选

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据
Program Details
部分中的“
So it is in your best interest
to have your

home university agree with many courses before you set off for Alicante.
”最好是在你 去
Alicante
之
前，
让你现在所在的大学同意你可选多种多样的课，< br>可知，
该项目不能保证你一定能选

。
BAlicante
之 前准备好多种课程选择。故选到你想上的课程，所以应该在前往

【点评】本题考点涉及细节< br>理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需

要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上
下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

carefully climbing a steep cliff with a

network of safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It's


阅读理解
．
10

Climbing Without Ropes



The popular image of the mountain climber is of a person


more accessible and better for the environment.

What is bouldering?Bouldering is a sport that
involves climbing on, over, and around boulders up to approximately


twenty feet above the ground. Participants employ no safety ropes.

Why boulder??improve your
climbing skills by



Bouldering Termsfocusing on basics

crimp: a very small handholdas such ?places to climb,

climbing walls at gyms and foothold: a place where one may place a foot to aid in



climbing boulderparks, easy to find


jug: a very large handhold that is easy to use?less time
commitment to

the is referred to as mountain than to problem: The path up a boulder bouldering


the

“
solution
”

solve. one
“
problem
”

that must The is climbing

sequence of moves one makes up and
over a al and ?intellectual

solves

one

as

enjoyment


problems





Here is an example of a climber addressing a bouldering problem.



Figure 1: The
climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The

she easier one left appears because if happens look but reach, within jug a it has easy what

chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is
foothold and placing her right

hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves,


even difficult than going up.



Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a


she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.





According to the passage, bouldering ________.











）
（
1

A. is an indoor sport




























B. has no safety protection


C. needs maps and equipment



























D. is a
steep cliff climbing

Bouldering becomes popular because ________.











）
（
2

A. it challenges
the limits




































B. it costs less


D. it is a team gameC. it builds
minds and bodies
































According to the example, the right route is ________.











）
（
3

D. lined with jugsC. tough
but to the top













A. a shortcut













B. a dead end


















B1
）
【答案】
（

C2
）
（

C

3
）
（
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一 篇应用文，
介绍没有安全绳的攀岩运动。
登山者的流行形象是用一根安全绳，
一个人小 心翼翼地爬上陡峭的悬崖，
但这并不是唯一的一种。
许多登山者

现在都喜欢 抱石。它更容易接近，也更适合环境。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据
What is
bouldering?
部分中的“
Participants employ no safety ropes.
”可

。没有安全感。故选
B
知，bouldering(2)
考查细节理解。根据
Why boulder?
部分中的“
improve your climbing skills by focusing
on

basics places to climb, such as climbing walls at gyms and parks, easy to find less time

commitment to bouldering than to mountain climbing intellectual and physical enjoyment as one

solves prob lems
”
可知，
Bouldering
变得受欢迎是因为它建立了精神和身 体上的快乐。
故选

。
C(3)
考查细节理解。根据“
Figure 2
：
The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a

foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other

handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and


。
Cpull herself up.
”可知，根据这个例子，右边的路线是艰难的 ，但能达到顶峰。故选【点评】
本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕 捉细节

信息，结合题
目要求，选出正确答案。





阅读理解
．
11




Sometimes we start a day with the previous day still in mind. We think about the
mistakes we

made in the previous day, how things went wrong, and how we felt bad about it. No wonder it


becomes difficult to focus on the current day.





Here are some steps on how to start your new
day fresh:


Take time to evaluate your day
⒈









At the end of a day, take some time to think about it. The purpose of this thinking time is not to

regret how bad your day was, how things went wrong, or how people treated you badly. This

won't do you any good. Instead, the purpose of this thinking time is to extract
（吸取）
lessons


which you can bring to the following day.

Make a commitment to apply the lessons
⒉









After you extract the lessons, you should make a commitment to apply them. To do so, find

some actionable things you can do to apply the lessons. Next, remind yourself to do them. You


may write them down if you want to.

“
Close
”

your day



⒊




After you have spent the time
to think about the day and extract the lessons, make a decision


to
“
close
”

the day. You are done with it; don't think about it anymore.

Bring only the lessons to the
next day and nothing else



⒋




After you
“
dose
”

a day, you should not bring anything out of it
to the next day except for the

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