-高中满分作文

2021年1月23日发(作者：暗杀游戏)
（英语）

英语阅读理解专题练习
(
及答案
)

一、高中英语阅读理解

1
．
阅读理解

Amazon Best Sellers: Best Books


A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018
by James Comey

In his book, former FBI director James Comey shares his never-before-told experiences from
some of the highest-risk situations of his career in the past two decades of American government,
exploring what good, ethical
（道德的）
leadership looks like, and how it drives sound decisions.
His journey provides an entry into the corridors of power, and a remarkable lesson in what makes
an effective leader.

Hardcover $$17.99


12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos- January 23, 2018
by Jordan B. Peterson


What
does
everyone
in
the
modern
world
need
to
know?
Famous
psychologist
Jordan
B.
Peterson's answer to this most difficult of questions uniquely combines the hard-won truths of
ancient tradition with the great findings of most-advanced scientific research.

Hardcover $$15.57


How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition
by Mortimer J.
Adler, Charles Van Doren

With half a million copies in print, How to Read a Book is the best and most successful guide to
reading
comprehension
for
the
general
reader,
completely
rewritten
and
updated
with
new
material.
Originally
published
in
1940,
this
book
is
a
rare
phenomenon,
a
living
classic
that
introduces and clarifies the various levels of reading and how to achieve them-from elementary
reading, through systematic skimming and inspectional reading, to speed reading.

Paperback $$10.31


Everybody, Always: Becoming Love in a World Full of Setbacks and Difficult People- April 17,
2018
by Bob Goff

Paperback $$10.19

What happens when we stop avoiding difficult people and simply love everyone? In his wildly
entertaining and inspiring follow-up to the New York Times bestselling phenomenon Love Does,
Bob
Goff
takes
readers
on
a
life- altering
journey
into
the
secret
of
living
without
fear,
care,
restriction, or worry.

（
1
）
If you want to become an effective leader, you can try ________.

A. How to Read a Book
B. Everybody, Always
C. 12 Rules for Life
D. A Higher Loyalty

（
2
）
What do we know about How to Read a Book?

A. It is written by Mortimer J. Adler. B. It is completely the same as the original one.

C. It has been published since 1940. D. There are many other books similar to it.

（
3
）
We can learn from the passage that ________.

A. All the four books are paperbacks. B. Paperbacks are cheaper than hardbacks.

C. Jordan
D. Peterson is the former FBI director.

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了亚马逊最畅销的几种书。

(1)
考查细节理解。根据
A
Higher
Loyalty:
Truth,
Lies,
and
Leadership-April
17,
2018
by
James
Comey
部分中的
“His
journey
provides
an
entry
into
the
corridors
of
power,
and a
remarkable
lesson
in what
makes
an
effective
leader.”
可知如果你想要成为一个有效的领导，你可以尝试
A Higher Loyalty
，故选
D
。

(2)
考查细节理解。根据
How
to
Read
a Book:
The Classic
Guide
to
Intelligent
Reading
Revised
Edition
by
Mortimer
J.
Adler,
Charles
Van
Doren
部分中的
“Originally
published
in
1940”
可知
How to Read a Book
最初于
1940
年出版，故选
C
。

(3
考查
)
常识理解。平装本比精装本价格要便宜，故选
B
。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和常识理解两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考
生朱雀 掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。



2
．
阅读理解



Every
year
in
America,
high-school
students
who
want
to
go
to
college
take
a
national
examination
called
the
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test,
or
SAT
in
a
shortened
way.
Their
score
is
an
important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted
at all. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one's mathematical ability and use of the English
language. Traditionally, the English part involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test
reading comprehension.

But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the
spot. That's an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside, have you ever seen young
people's
handwriting
lately?
Or
anyone's
for
that
matter,
in
this
age
of
computer
keyboards?
Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They scribble class notes in what
can generously be described as the written word.

Yet today's kids are asked to write, thoughtfully and clearly, for several minutes on this SAT Test.
Good luck to the text scorers who must work out difficultly the scrawl (
潦草的字迹
) of young
people
who've
been
typing
on
computers
since
the
age
of
three!
Teachers
insist
that
good
handwriting can not only help one's score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential
employers. And don't forget, we all have to turn to handwriting from time to time, as computers
go down when power goes out.

Then how to improve the handwriting? Well, with a few simple steps you can improve your
hand writing.

Position the pen. You should hold the pen between the forefinger and the thumb, then rest it
near the first knuckle (
指节
) of the middle finger. The rest of your fingers should be curled (
卷曲
)
under your hand and your hand should remain relaxed.

Evaluate your writing. Make changes to your letters till you like how they look.

Take your time. Speed is bound to make your writing messy- looking.


Practice.
Practice
it
a
lot;
it's
not
enough
to
do
it
once
and
hope
for
the
best.
It
has
to
be
something you work at to make great improvements.

（
1
）
The underlined word “scribble” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.


A. write quickly and roughly B. type simply and correctly

C. paint clearly and neatly
D. describe properly and well

（
2
）
According to Paragraph 3, students with good handwriting skill ________.


A. can pass the SAT
B. can develop good characters

C. can impress their classmates D. can get more job opportunities

（
3
）
Which of the following should you avoid when improving your handwriting?


A. Practicing writing a lot.

B. Writing as fast as you can.

C. Relaxing your hand when holding the pen.

D. Changing your letters till you like how they look.

（
4
）
The text is to present the fact that ________.


A. writing seems to be very important in the SAT

B. those who will go to college have to take the SAT

C. students should practice handwriting more often

D. kids don't know how to write in the computer age

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】
SAT
考试增加了书面表达，但当前学生不注重 书写，所以此项改革会督
促学生更多的练字。


(
1
)
词义猜测题。结合划线部分的上下文，在计算机时代，学生手写的内容已经很罕见，
只有一两 个单词在行李箱或午餐包上，用来辨认物主，书法在其他场合就像嘟嘟鸟一样灭
绝了，故推断学生在课堂 上记笔记非常潦草，故选
A
。

(
2
)
细节理解题。根据第三段提到
Teachers
insist
that
good
handwriting
can
not
only
help
one's score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employer s.
可知，漂亮的书法
不仅仅能在考试中帮助得分，还可以在今后找工作中给雇主留下美好的印 象，故选
D
。

(
3
)
细节理解题。根据最后三段的标题
Evaluate
your
writing
；
Take
your
time
；
Practice.
Practice it a lot可知，没有提到
B
项，这是写作中应该避免的。故选
B
。

( 4 )
推理判断题。由于
SAT
考试增加书面表达，但当前学生不重视书 写，所以此项改革会督
促学生更多的练字，故选
C
。


3
．
阅读理解

Why do you go to the library? For books, yes--but you like books because they tell stories. You
hope to get lost in a story or be transported into someone else's life. At one type of library, you
can do just that--even though there's not a single book.



At
a
Human
Library,
instead
of
books,
you
can
“borrow”
people.
Individuals
volunteer
as
human “books” and participants in the event can “read” the book
--meaning they would have a
one-on-one
conversation
with
the
volunteer
and
share
in
a
dialogue
about
that
individual's
experience. “Books” are volunteers from all walks of life who have experienced discrimination (
歧
视
)
based
on
race,
religion,
class,
gender
identity,
age,
lifestyle
choices,
disability
and
other
aspects of their life

For a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are
as fascinating and as attractive as any you can find in a book. Many of the stories have to do with
some kind of stereotype. You can speak with a refugee (
难民
), a soldier suffering from PTSD, a
homeless person or a woman living with HIV. The Human Library encourages people to challenge
their own long- held beliefs-to truly get to know, and learn from someone they might otherwise
make a quick judgment about.


According to its website, the Human Library is “a place where difficult questions are expected,
appreciated
and
answered.”
It
provides
the
opportunity
for
the
community
to
share
and
understand the experiences of others in their community.

The Human Library Organization came to be in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel,
his
brother
Dany,
and
some
colleagues
hosted
a
four-day
event
during
a
major
Northern
European festival, hoping to raise awareness about violence among youth. After the success of
this event, Abergel founded the Human Library Organization, which has been growing ever since.


Though
there
are
a
few
permanent
human
libraries,
most
aren't
places
at
all,
but
events.
Though many do take place at physical libraries, you don't need a library card
—
anyone can come
and
be
part
of
the
experience.
There
have
been
human
library
events
all
over
the
globe,
in
universities and in pubs, from Chicago to Tunis to Edinburgh to San Antonio.


The
stories
these

tell
range
from
fascinating
to
heartbreaking
and
everything
in
between. And that's the very point of the organization--to prove that no person can be summed
up in just one word. It seeks to show people that you truly can't judge a book by its cover---or by
its title or label.

（
1
）
The “books” in human libraries are____________.

A. long-held beliefs attracting individuals B. inspiring stones motivating people in trouble

C. events
in
which
people
can
talk
to
volunteers
D. unfairly-treated
people
sharing
their
experiences

（
2
）
The event in Copenhagen is significant because it_______.

A. aimed
to
help
the
young
suffering
from
violence
B. attempted
to
replace
traditional
physical libraries

C. laid a foundation for the Human Library Organization
D. led to a pleasing development for
the community with racism

（
3
）
In human libraries, the readers are likely to_________.

A. deepen their understanding of people
B. enrich their own personal experiences

C. hear the stories from all over the world
D.
make quick judgments about the “books”

（
4
）
The main purpose of the passage is to _________.

A. compare and evaluate
B. inform and explain

C. discuss and persuade D. analyze and suggest

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。文章介绍了有关
“the Human Library”
的相关信
息。在
the
Human
Libra ry
，读者可以和来自各行各业志愿者们交谈，了解他们的经历和故
事，加深对他人的了解。< br>
（
1
）细节理解题。由第二段中的

“At
a
Human
Library,
instead
of
books,
you
can

“borrow”
people.
Individuals
volunteer
as
human
“books”
and
participants
in
the
event
can
“read”
the
book--meaning
they
would
have
a
one-on-one
conversation
with
the
volunteer
and
share
in
a
dialogue
about
that
individual's
experience.
“Books”
are
volunte
ers
from
all
walks
of
life
who
have
experienced
discrimination
(
歧视
)
based
on
race,
religion,
class,
gender
identity,
age,
lifestyle
choices, disability
and
other
aspects
of
their
life”
可知，
Human
Library
的
“书
”
实际上
人，这些人来自各行各业，他们经历了种族，宗教，性别等方面的歧视 。读者们可以和这
些人交谈，了解他们的经历。故答案选
D
。

（
2
）推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的
“The
Human
Library
Organization
came
to
be
in
Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel, his brother Dany, and some colleagues hosted a
four-day
during
a
major
Northern
European festival,
hoping
to
raise
awareness
about
violence
among youth. After the success of this event, Abergel founded the Human Library Organization,
which
has
been
growing
ever
since”
可知，
Ronni Abergel
，他的兄弟
Dany
以及一些同事举行
了为期四天的活动 ，希望提高人们对青年人暴力的意识。在这次活动成功之后，
Abergel
建
立了< br>the
Human
Library
Organization
， 该组织一直在发展中。由此可知，在
Copenhagen
举
行的活动的成功导致了< br>the Human Library Organization
的成立，结合选项可推知，该 活动奠
定了该组织的基础，故答案选
C
。

（
3
）细节理解题。由第四段中的
“It provides the opportunity for the community to share and
understand the experiences of others in their community”
可知，
the Human Library
给社会给提
供了分享和了解别人经历的机会。由此可知，通过
the
Human
Library
，

人们可以加深对他
人的了解。故答案选
A
。

（
4
）写作意图题。文章介绍了
the
Human
Library(
真人图书馆
)
的情况。在
the
Human
Library
，读者可以和来自各行各业志愿者们交谈，了解他们的经 历和故事。文章还介绍了
the
Human
Library
的成立的情况。很明显，作者希望通过这篇文章让读者了解
the
Human
Library
，结合选项，告知解释。故答案选
B
。

【 点评】推理题的解题方法：（
1
）抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。要善于抓住某一段
话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，
从而推断出这 句话所隐含的深层含义。（
2
）

整合全文（段）信息进行推断。有时需要在
弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结
论。（
3
）利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。每篇文章的语境都有一定褒贬性，这种褒贬性
反 映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就
能在把握主旨文意 的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。

（
4
）根据文章的结论推断作者
的态度。

作者态度、倾向 是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描
写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠 还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色
彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中 。

（
5
）根据上下文的逻辑得出
结论。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章 中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推
理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的 经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的
内涵。

（
6
）结合已有的知 识进行推断。知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己
掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出 符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。


4
．
阅读理解

I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects
had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (
贴标签
) everything. I always
looked
for
everything.
Over
time,
Kate
got
neater
and
I
got
messier.
She
would
push
my
dirty
clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.


War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your
shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened
, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and
started yelling. She yelled back louder.

The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a
phone
call.
Kate
answered
it.
From
her
end
of
the
conversation,
I
could
tell
right
away
her
grandma
was
seriously
ill.
When
she
hung
up,
she
quickly
crawled
under
her
covers,
sobbing.
Obviously, that was something she should not go through phone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling
of sympathy rose up in my heart.

Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept
the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn't notice Kate had sat up. She
was
watching,
her
tears
dried
and
her
expression
one
of
disbelief.
Then,
she
reached
out
her
hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.”

Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn't always agree, but we learned
the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.

（
1
）
What made Kate angry one evening?

A. She couldn't find her books.
B. She heard the author shouting loud.

C. She got the news that her grandma was ill.
D. She saw the author's shoes beneath her
bed.

（
2
）
The author tidied up the room most probably because _______.

A. she hated herself for being so messy
B. she was asked by Kate to do so

C. she was scared by Kate's anger D. she wanted to show her care

（
3
）
How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes.
B. By describing a process.

C. By showing differences. D. By following time order.

（
4
）
What might be the best title for the story?

A. My Friend Kate
B. Hard Work Pays Off

C. How to Be Organized
D. Learning to Be Roommates

【答案】
（
1
）
D

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙 文。作者与室友生活习惯迥异，冲突在所难免。在室友
遭遇悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情， 从而达成和好。作者从中懂得一个道
理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友关系的关键。

(1)
细节理解题。根据第二段
I
heard
her
screaming.
“Take
your
shoes
away!
Why
under
my
bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me.
可知，室友生气是因为作者乱丢乱放的鞋子，故
选
D
。

(2)
推理判断题。根据第四段
All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.
可
知 ，作者整理房间是出于对室友悲伤的同情而表达自己的关切，故选
D
。

(3)
推理判断题。根据第一段
Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere.
She even labeled(
贴标签
)everything. I always looked for everything. Over time
，
Kate got neater
and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy
desk. So we both got tired of each ot her.
等内容可知，作者列举了与室友在日常习惯上的种种
差异，故选
C
。

(4)
主旨大意题。文章最后一段
we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and
holding
on.
可知，作者表达了自己叙述这个故事的意图：就是懂得了与室 友相处的关键，
故选
D
。

【点评】英语阅读理解继续文解题技巧： 英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事
件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间 ，没有直接地表白出来
;
文章主旨
要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手 法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下
顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中 描写的主要内容，从
整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅 读就
记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。


5
．
阅读理解


Nowadays,
especially
in
China,
everything
seems
to
favor
social
intercourse(
社交
)
,
such
as
gatherings
of
friends,
KTV,
group
travel,
dining
tighter,
playing
cards
and
Mahjong,
plus
the
Chinese-style
within the


However,
these
scenes
cannot
always
ease
a
sense
of
loneliness.
Zhu
Ziqing,
a
well-known
professor
of
Tsinghua
University,
signed
with
emotion:

loneliness
increases
as
scene
becomes much busier.
engaging in social intercourse requires ability, while being alone involves the whole character.

These days, it is not easy to calm down totally and return to one's true self. Willpower, intellect
and discipline are required. Einstein said:
determines the possibility of whether you will be successful or not.
to could be taken as


Lonely
life
could
be
either
dull,
boring
and
tasteless
or
abundant,
interesting
and
colorful,
depending on one's quality, ambition and inspiration.

Just as the body constantly requires energy, the mind and soul also demand never stopping
inputs.
However,information,
processed
and
integrated
(
融入
)
into
knowledge,
thoughts
and
feelings, instead of bustle (
忙碌
) seems to be the right condition. Successful careers m all walks
of life worldwide have proved that
In
a
sense,
it
may
be
reasonable
to
say
that

Happiness
tends
to
be
shallow
while
loneliness
involves depth


Man,
in
fact,
needs
loneliness
more
than
happy
time,
and
only
abundant
loneliness
can
produce quality happiness.

（
1
）
Which of the following can replace the underlined the word

A. surprisingly B. sadly C. busily D. peacefully

（
2
）
What can we infer from the second paragraph?

A. Being alone marks people depressed. B. Social intercourse improves our happiness.

C. One
may
feel
lonely
even
when
surrounded
by
people.
D. We
should
attend
social
intercourse to decrease our loneliness.

（
3
）
What can we know from Einstein's words?

A. You
should
be
successful
if
you
spend
all
your
time
by
yourself.
B. You
should
exercise
more if you want to keep your minds healthy.

C. You will not become successful if you join in more social intercourse.
D. You will be more
successful if you can make your lonely time meaningful.

（
4
）
Which may be the best title for this passage?

A. Live on Your Own B. Happiness and Loneliness

C. The Secret of Success
D. Practice Your Social Ability

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文。 主要讨论了在现今社会中很多的社会往活动在进行中，
人们看似很幸福。然而，一切都掩盖不了人们在这 些幸福场景背后倍感孤独的社会现象。

（
1
）考查词意猜测题。根据第一段 可知，如今，尤其是在中国，一切都似乎有利于社会交
往，如朋友聚会、
KTV
、团体 旅游、餐饮更紧，打牌和麻将，加上中式
“
过街组
”
。可以猜测
出下 文：回到家中仍然忙着在微信上讨论。所以划线词
boisterously
的意思是
“
忙的
”
，故选
C
。

（
2
）考查推理判断题。根据第二段第一句，也是主题句
However,
these
scenes
cannot
always ease a sense of loneliness.
以及
A lonely man in crow ds.”
可知，一个人就算被人包围着
也可能感到孤独。故选
C
。

（
3
）考查细节理解题。根据第三段
Einstein sa
id: “It is not your working time but your spare
time that determines the possibility of whether you will be successful or not.”
（
< br>爱因斯坦说：
“
不是你的工作时间，而是你的业余时间决定了你是否成功的可能性。）可 知，如果你能让
寂寞的时间更有意义，你会更成功。故选
D
。

（< br>4
）考查标题判断题。本文主要讨论了在现今社会中很多的社会往活动在进行中，人们看
似很幸福。然而，一切都掩盖不了人们在这些幸福场景背后倍感孤独的社会现象。所以最
佳标题是
B. Happiness and Loneliness
，故选
B.

【点评】寻找文章的主题句

了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通 常在文章首段，但是也可能在文
章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个 段落都有主题
句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题句。


6
．
阅读理解

As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods.
address,
destination,
purpose,
and
excuse.
If
I
went
to
a
friend's
house
and
found
him
not
at
home, his mother might say,
语气
) of airy acceptance.
It's similar to the tone people sometimes use now a days to tell me that someone I'm looking for
is on the golf course or at the gym, or even
in the woods


We
sometimes
told
ourselves
that
what
we
were
doing
in
the
woods
was
exploring
(
探索
).
Exploring was a more popular idea back then than it is today. History seemed to be mostly about
explorers. Our explorations, though seemed to have less system than the historic kind something
usually
came
up
along
the
way.
Say
we
stayed
in
the
woods,
throwing
rocks,
shooting
frogs,
picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Indian burial mound.

Often we got
which someone does that successfully, be skeptical; the topmost branches are usually too skinny
to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees. There
were four or five trees that we visited regularly-tall beeches easy to climb and comfortable to sit
in.

It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then
some of us has reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence (
青春期
). In
March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set
out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the
same
time
that
we
really
were
rather
big
to
be
up
in
a
tree.
Soon
there
would
be
the
spring
dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.

（
1
）
The author and his friends were often out in the woods to .

A. spend their free time B. play golf and other sports

C. avoid doing their schoolwork
D. keep away from their parents

（
2
）
What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. The
activities
in
the
woods
were
well
planned. B. Human
history
is
not
the
result
of
exploration.

C. Exploration should be a systematic activity. D. The author explored in the woods aimlessly

（
3
）
The underlined word

A. calm
B. doubtful
C. serious
D. optimistic

（
4
）
The reason why we visited the four or five trees regularly is the following except that .

A. they were tall beeches
B. they were easy to climb

C. they were not hi to climb D. they were comfortable to sit in

（
5
）
How does the author feel about his childhood?

A. Happy but short.
B. Lonely but memorable.

C. Boring and meaningless.
D. Long and unforgettable.

【答案】
（
1
）
A

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

（
5
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时侯玩耍的
“
树林
”
对与作者和朋友们的意义。讲
述了我们在
“
树林
”
中所 从事的活动
——
探索，以及随着年龄的增长，不再去那里的经历。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“For us ten
-year-
olds, “being out in the woods” was j
ust
an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.”
可知，作者和朋友们经常
“
去树林中
”
是为了
度过他们的休闲时光。故选
A
。

（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Our
explorations,
though
seemed
to
have
less
system
than the historic kind something usually came up along the way. ”
可知，但是我们的探索与历
史上的相比不够系统，有些东西通常都是在沿途中偶然出现的，因此推断作 者探索是无目
的的。故选
D
。

（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“the
topmost
branches
are
usually
too
skinny
to
hold
weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees.”
可知，最高的
树枝通常太细以至于不能承重，所以 我们从来不能爬到可以看到除了树以外的其它事物。
因此推断爬到树上找出路是
“
不可 信；怀疑的
”
的，与
B
项意义相近。故选
B
。

（
4
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“There were four or five trees that we visited regularly
-
tall beeches easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.”
可知，有四五棵树是我们经常去参观的
—< br>—
它们由高大的树枝，容易爬上去，坐在上面也很舒服。故选
C
。


（
5
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“ For us ten
-year-
olds, ‘being out in the woods” was just
an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.’”
可知，作者和小伙伴们在
“
树林
”
里 很快乐；
以及最后一段中的
“We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the
same
time
that
we
really
were
rather
big
to
be
up
in
a
tree.
Soon
there
would
be
the
spring
dances
on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteri a.”
可推断在不知不觉间作者和小伙伴们都
已经长大了，时光过的很快。所以作者对童年的感 觉应该是快乐的，短暂的，但又是难忘
的。故选
A
。

【点评】本题 考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信 息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


7
．
阅读理解


Two
heads
are
better
than
one.
It
means
that
two
people
working
together
have
a
better
chance of solving a problem than one person alone. But not everyone likes working in a group.

There can be a number of reasons why people dislike group work. Some may feel nervous or
uneasy in group situations. Others might have had a bad experience with individuals who did not
work
well
as
a
team.
Another
comment
is
that
teachers
or
instructors
fail
to
provide
roles
for
group members. This may create a situation where everyone or no one wants to lead. Whatever
the issue, the result is the same: the group does not realize its goal.

Cooperative (
合作的
) learning is an educational method that can help to solve this problem.
There
are
many
methods
of
cooperative
learning.
Today
we
will
talk
about
one:
giving
each
person in a small group a specific duty to reach a shared goal. For example, if learners are divided
into
groups
of
four
people each,
their roles
might
be:
leader,
writer,
checker and
speaker.
This
structure helps ensure that everyone takes part equally in group work and allows each member
to play a meaningful part in completing the shared goal.

Before dividing learners into groups, it is a good idea for the teacher or club's instructor to first
have knowledge about the language skill levels of participants. The goal is to make each group a
mixture of higher- and lower-level language learners. Putting too many people with similar skill
levels together could make the work too difficult or easy. Role cards can be a helpful tool in this
method of cooperative learning. Their purpose is to remind learners of each person's role.

Before the cooperative activity, the role of the teacher or activity instructor is to explain two
things to the group: the main job for the activity and how the cooperative roles work. The person
in
charge
may
appoint
these
roles
or
let
the
English
learners
choose
them.
Then,
during
the
activity,
the
instructor's
job
is
to
watch
the
groups
and
provide
more
guidance
when
needed.
After the activity, the instructor may wish to provide feedback to groups on their work and their
use of cooperation.

With this cooperative learning method, you can say that four heads are better than just one.

（
1
）
What's the outcome if people do not enjoy group work?

A. The
aim
of
the
group
can
not
be
achieved. B. Specific
roles
will
be
given
to
group
members.

C. Group
members
will
feel
at
ease
in
groups.
D. Group
members
will
fail
to
work
individually.

（
2
）
Why does the teacher need to know about those who take part in the activity?

A. To
find
out
language
learners
with
similar
levels. B. To
clarify
higher-
and
lower-level
language learners.

C. To combine learners with different language levels. D. To increase the difficulty in finishing
the work.

（
3
）
Which of the following is TRUE about the role of instructors?

A. To offer group members timely help at each step. B. To listen to the response from group
members.

C. To help the English learners choose their favourite roles. D. To make clear about the task
and working principles of the roles.

（
4
）
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. Two Heads Are Better than One.
B. Cooperation Is a Must in Learning.

C. Group Work Makes a Great Difference to Learners' Achievement. D. Cooperative Learning
Contributes to the Success of Group Work.

【答案】
（
1
）
A

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了合作学习有助于团队工作的成功。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Whatever
the issue,
the
result
is
the
same:
the
group
does
not
realize
its
goal.”
可知，如果人们不喜欢团队工作，该组织的目的不能实现。故选
A
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“Before dividing learners into groups, it is a good idea for
the
teacher
or
club's
instructor
to
first
have
knowledge
about
the
language
skill
levels
of
participants.
The
goal
is
to
make
each
group
a
mixture
of
higher-
and
lower-level
language
learners. ”
可知，老师需要了解关于参加活动的那些人是为了把学习者与不同的语言水平结
合在一起。故 选
C
。

（
3
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
“Before
the
cooperativ
e
activity,
the
role
of
the
teacher or activity instructor is to explain two things to the group: the main job for the activity
and how the cooperative roles work.”
可知，指导员的作用是明确角色的任务和工作原理。故
选
D
。

（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的
“With this cooperative learning method, you ca
n say
that four heads are better than just one.”
可知，合作学习有助于团队工作的成功。故选
D
。

【点 评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生
需要准确掌握细节信 息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。


8
．
阅读理解

Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special
techniques
to
accomplish.
According
to
the
ancient
Greeks,
there
are
three
basic
tools
of
persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.

Ethos is a speaker's way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable.
One
common
way
a
speaker
can
develop
ethos
is
by
explaining
how
much
experience
or
education he has in the field. After all, you're more likely to listen to advice about how to take
care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.

Pathos is a speaker's way of connecting with an audience's emotions. For example, a politician
who
is
trying
to
convince
an
audience
to
vote
for
him
might
say
that
he
alone
can
save
the
country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making
them
want
to
vote
for
him.
Similarly,
an
animal
charity
might
show
an
audience
pictures
of
injured dogs and cats to make thee viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.

Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience
will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is
much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.

Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when
used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend
try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of
persuasion.

（
1
）
What is the purpose of persuasion?

A. To advise somebody to support you. B. To help someone have special skills.

C. To convince somebody to realize his aim.
D. To talk someone into being honest.

（
2
）
What is a speaker's way of convincing the audience to trust him?

A. Pathos.
B. Ethos.
C. Logos.
D. Education.

（
3
）
What do a politician and an animal charity have in common?

A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt.
B. Both save people from terrible wars.

C. Both make the audience support them.
D. Both persuade people to donate money.

（
4
）
Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Convince the Audience B. Three Basic Tools of Persuasion

C. Believe Me D. Strength of Persuasion

【答案】
（
1
）
A

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明 文，说服是一种说服某人同意你的艺术，有三种基本的
说服方法：精神气质，悲情和理性。

（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you,
just like art which also calls for special techniques to acc omplish.”
可知说服的目的是劝告一些人
赞成你，故选
A
。

（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Ethos
is
a
speaker's
way
of
convincing
the
audience
that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by
explaining how much experience or education he has in the field.”
可 知说话者可以通过介绍自
己的经验以及自己在这个领域所受的教育，也就是
Ethos
，来让听众相信他，故选
B
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Pathos
is
a
speak
er's
way
of
connecting
with
an
audience's
emotions.”
可知一位政治家和一个动物慈善团体的共同之处就是让听众支持他
们，故 选
C
。

（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据主题句
“Persuasion
is
to
convince
someone
to
agree
with
you,
just
like
art which
also
calls
for special
techniques
to
accomplish.
According
to
the
ancient
Greeks,
there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.”
可知这篇文章主要介绍了劝
说的三个基本方法，故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳， 从而选出正确答案。


9
．
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（< br>A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）中，选出最佳选项。

Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where
she's been while she's on her worldwide vacation in a special way. The traveler, who was born
with
a
bone
disease,
had
her
right
leg
amputated
(
截肢
)
at
the
age
of
four.
Although
the
amputation
caused
inconvenience
for
Gallagher
early
on,
she
now
sees
it
as
nothing
short
of
inspiration for living her best life.

To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her
travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (
地理位置标签
), she writes her
location on her artificial leg before taking a picture.

Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal
in
Amsterdam
relaxing
on
a
wall
overlooking
the
city
of
Barcelona,
posing
with
a
waffle
in
Brussels, taking in the beautiful Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river ride in Budapest,
all with the well- known locations written on her artificial leg.


thought to get a chalk-board,
but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.


Gallagher
said
people
often
stare
when
she's
writing
on
her
leg,
but
once
she
shares
the
photos,
she
receives
only
positive
feedback
(
反馈
),

leg
hasn't
stopped
me
from
doing
anything I've wanted to do,
that I can do it, anyway, I've been able to keep up with people at my age and lead a pretty great
life.

Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if
life gives you an artificial leg, make art.

（
1
）
What message did Gallapher want to spread in her special way?

A. She enjoys her travelling across the globe.

B. She suffers little from her leg's amputation.

C. she looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.

D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.

（
2
）
What does the word

A. the continent
B. the pictures
C. the leg
D. the location

（
3
）
Gallapher can best be described as ________.

A. helpful and ambitious
B. friendly and generous

C. determined and creative
D. independent and sensible

（
4
）
Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A. Never Too Late to share
B. A Special Artificial Leg

C. An Outstanding Photographer
D. Gallagher's Summer Holidays

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
C

（
4
）
B

【解析】
【分析】
Devon
Gallagher
小时因病右腿截 肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以
激励她过上最好的生活。长大后
Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并
没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下 自己的位置。她的故事告诉我们不要
让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。


（
1
）细节理解题。根据第一段中
Although
the
amputation
caused
inconvenience
for
Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best l ife.
。尽管截
肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。由此可 知
Gallagher
想以她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选< br>C
。


（
2
）推理判断题。
Now
she
has
been
taking
pictures
across
the
Continent,
which
show
her
cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall…
现在她在整个大陆拍照，应该是这些< br>照片展示了
…
所以
which
指代的是她拍的照片，故选
B< br>。


（
3
）推理判断题。根据第四段
One
day
I
had
a
sudden
thought
to
get
a
chalk-board,
Gallagher said.
great and told me to go for it, so I did.
说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她
chalk-board
的主
意，但她的 朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知
Gallagher
很有决心。根据第二
段
To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her
travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (
地理位置标签
), she writes her
location on her artificial leg before taking a picture
。
Gallagher
把她的位置 写在假肢上来和大
家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选
C
。


（
4
）主旨大意题。最后一段
And
if
life
gives
you
an
artificial
leg,
make
art
。是本文的主题
句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截 肢的
Gallagher
在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行
的照片，但她并没有简单的使 用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。
这篇文章是想通过
Gallaghe r
的一条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故
A
Special
Artificial Leg
是最好的标题。故选
A
。


【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，
细节理 解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断
出需要的信息；主旨大 意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。


10
．
阅读理解


Here
is
a
record
of
the
discussion
about
AI
(artificial
intelligence)
conducted
by
several
scientists:

Scientist A: I would say that we are quite a long way off developing the AI, though I do think it
will happen within the next thirty or forty years. We will probably remain in control of technology
and it will help us solve many of the world's problems. However, no one really knows what will
happen
if
machines
become
more
intelligent
than
humans.
They
may
help
us,
ignore
us
or
destroy us. I tend to believe AI will have a positive influence on our future lives, but whether that
is true will be partly up to us.


Scientist
B:
I
have
to
admit
that
the
potential
consequences
of
creating
something
that
can
match or go beyond human intelligence frighten me. Even now, scientists are teaching computers
how to learn on their own. At some point in the near future, their intelligence may well take off
and develop at an ever-increasing speed. Human beings evolve biologically very slowly and we
would
be
quickly
substituted.
In
the
short
term,
there is
the
danger
that robots
will
take
over
millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people. This could mean large-
scale
poverty
and
social
unrest.
In
the
long
term
machines
might
decide
the
world
would
be
better without humans.

Scientist C: I'm a member of the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots. Forget the movie image of a
terrifying Terminator stamping on human skulls and think of what's happening right now: military
machines like drones, gun turrets and sentry robots are already being used to kill with very little
human
input.
The
next
step
will
be
autonomous
“murderbots”
following
orders
but
finally
deciding who to kill on their own. It seems clear to me that this would be extremely dangerous
for humans. We need to be very cautious indeed about what we ask machines to do.

（
1
）
What is Scientist B worried about?

A. AI technology will destroy the earth. B. Computers can't think by themselves.

C. Robots will take the place of humans. D. Humans will be unhappy without machines.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word “this” in
the last paragraph refer to?

A. I
launched
the
campaign
to
Stop
Killer
Robots.
B. We
forget
the
movie
image
of
a
terrifying Terminator.

C.
“Murderbots”
can't
decide
by
themselves.

D.
“Murderbots”
will
be
against
humans'
orders.

（
3
）
Which statement is CORRECT according to the record?

A. Scientist A thinks AI technology will never develop.
B. The employment will be affected by
AI technology in the future.

C.
“Murderbots” will
follow the
orders
of
their
manufa
cturers
in
the
wars.
D. All
the
three
scientists agree that AI technology will benefit human beings.

（
4
）
Who agree(s) AI has more negative aspects than positive aspects?

A. Scientist A B. Scientist B C. Scientists B & C D. Scientists B & A

【答案】
（
1
）
C

（
2
）
D

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，列出了三位科学家对于人工智能的评价。

(1)
考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“In the short term, there is the danger that robots will take
over millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people. This could mean
large-
scale
poverty
and
social
unrest.”
可知，科学家
B
担心机器人会代替人类，造成人类失
业、贫穷和社会动荡。故选
C
。

(2)
考查代词指代。由画线句 上文内容可知，自主的
“
杀人机器人
”
是否服从人类的命令，这
将决 定谁杀死谁，因此推断此处的
this
指杀人机器人不服从人类命令，这将是非常不道德

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