-作文过年

2021年1月23日发(作者：网络剧)
高考英语阅读理解
(
人物故事
)
真题汇编
(
含答案
)
及解析


一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1
．
阅读理解



My
family
lives
in
Texas.
I
was
born
and
brought
up
in
Texas
and
I
am
a
graduate
of
the
University
of
Texas.
However,
around
my
second
year
in
law
school,
I
wanted
to
make
a
great
change, which was almost unheard of for Texans: I wanted to leave!


I
realized
this
after
completing
my
first
year-
year
internship(
实习期
)
I
knew
I
wanted
something
different
and
my
chance
came
during
the
2011
Super
Bowl
in
Dallas.
A
snowstorm
blanketed
the
entire
city
in
snow
and
thousands
of
people
were
gathered.
I
overheard
that
StubHub, a big company from a great city, San Francisco, was throwing a party next door to my
hotel. I thought if l could get an internship, I could leave for the summer and at least see what it
was like. Yes, it was a huge leap. I told myself I was ready.

There was just one problem: I wasn't invited to the StubHub party. But you know I'm the type
of person who goes for something she wants. Needless to say, I crashed the party and found my
way
to
the
president.
I
kindly
introduced
myself
and
then
asked
if
they
had
a
legal
internship
program.
Guess
what?
They
accepted
my
request
to
be
a
legal
intern,
even
though
no
such
program existed.

Although the legal department didn't have a permanent position for me, the experience has
shaped my life. Working for a great company in San Francisco, I'm incredibly happy for making my
decision to leave Texas.

By leaving Texas, I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay
in the comfortable. Exploring the unfamiliar is how you'll understand what fits your life. I say, dive
in head first.

（
1
）
The author went to Dallas to in 2011.

A. watch the Super Bowl

B. meet up with her family

C. flee San Francisco

D. hunt for an internship

（
2
）
Which is the biggest lesson that the author learned from the experience?

A. You must choose a career that you like.

B. Jumping out of your comfort zone is rewarding.

C. Accepting who you are makes you realize your strengths.

D. You should listen to your family to learn about your potential.

（
3
）
Which of the following words best describe the author?

A. Patient and modest.

B. Supportive and energetic.

C. Intelligent and humorous.

D. Determined and adventurous.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记 叙文，作者去达拉斯寻找实习机会，并从中学到了很多。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的

city,
San
Francisco,
was
throwing
a
party
next
door
to
my
hotel.
I
thought
if
l
could
get
an
internship,
可知，作者无 意中听到来自旧金山的一家大公司在自己所住酒店的隔壁开派
对，她在想自己能否在那家公司得到一个实 习的机会，因此，
2011
年作者去达拉斯是为了
寻找一个实习机会，故选
D
。（
2
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的

leaving
Texas,
I
learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay in the comfortable.
可知，作者认识到尝试不熟悉的东西比呆在舒适区更有意义， 也就是说作者从这个经历中
学到的最大的教训是跳出舒适区是有意义的，故选
B
。

（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的

the type of person who goes for something she wants.可知，作者没有被邀请参加派对，但她
是那种追求她想要的东西的人，由此可见作者很坚定，再根据

my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship
program.
可知，作者闯进派对，直接找到董事长 进行自我介绍并问是否有实习项目，由此
可见作者很大胆，综合以上两方面可知作者是坚定和大胆的，故 选
D
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考 查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


2
．
阅读理解


During the period from 1660 through 1800, Great Britain became the world's leader. Language
itself became submitted to rules during this period. This need to fix the English language is best
illustrated (
描述
) in the making of
The Dictionary of the English Language
by Samuel Johnson.
Guides to the English language had been in existence before Johnson began his project in 1746.
These,
however,
were
often
little
more
than
lists
of
hard
words.
When
definitions
of
common
words were supplied, they were often unhelpful. For example, a
dictionary as


Johnson
changed
all
that,
but
the
task
was
not
an
easy
one.
Renting
a
house
at
17
Gough
Square,
Johnson
began
working
in
the
worst
of
conditions.
Supported
only
by
his
publisher,
Johnson
worked
on
the
Dictionary
with
five
assistants.
Compared
to
the
French
Academy's
dictionary,
which
took
forty
workers
fifty-five
years
to
complete
(1639-1694),
Johnson's
dictionary was completed by very few people very quickly.

Balanced on a chair with only three legs, Johnson sat against a wall in a room filled with books.
Johnson would read widely from these books, mark passages illustrating the use of a particular
word, and give the books to his assistants so that they could copy the passages on slips of paper.
These
slips
were
then
stuck
to
eighty
large
notebooks
under
the
key
words
that
Johnson
had
selected.
Fixing
the
word
by
this
method,
Johnson
could
record
a
word
，
s
usage
and
its
definition.


How
many
passages
were
used?
According
to
Johnson's
modern
biographer
Walter
Jackson
Bate, the original total number could have been over 240,000. How many words were defined by
the lexicographer? Over 40,000 words appeared in two large books in April of 1755. Did Johnson
fully understand the huge task he was undertaking when he began? As he told his contemporary
biographer James Boswell,
—

and have done it very well.

（
1
）
What is the problem of early English dictionaries?

A. They only offer simple pictures.
B. They list just a few foreign words.

C. They simply give some translations.
D. They add no more than some big words.

（
2
）
What does the underlined word

A. A publisher. B. A biographer. C. A maker of dictionaries. D. An assistant.

（
3
）
What can we infer about Samuel Johnson from the text?

A. He standardized English. B. He cared about authority a lot.

C. He gained much financial support. D. He complained of working conditions.

（
4
）
What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To discuss the problems of dictionaries.

B. To encourage people to work on a project.

C. To persuade people to buy the new dictionary.

D. To introduce how Johnson complete his dictionary.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
D

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了
Johnson
编纂 词典的故事。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“These,
however,
were
often
little
more
than
lists
of
hard words”
可知，早期英语词典的问题是只是增加了一些难词。故选
D
。


（
2
）
考
查
词
义
猜
测
。
根
据
最
后
一
段
中
的
“ How
many
words
were
defined
by
the
lexicographer?”
中的关键词
defined
及联系前后句，可以猜测出这里
lexicographer
指的是词
典编纂者。故 选
C
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“This
need to fix the English language is best illustrated
(
描述
) in the making of
The Dictionary of the English Language

by Samuel Johnson.”
及最后一段
中的
Samuel
Johnson
为词典编纂所作的努力可以推断出，
Samuel
Johnson
使得英语标准
化。故选
A
。


（
4
）考查推理判断。阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了
Samuel
Johnson
在恶劣的条件下编
纂词典的。所以本文主要是告诉读者
Johnso n
编纂词典的故事，故选
D
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细 节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据 上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


3
．
阅读理解


It can be a real struggle trying to learn a new language. I had always enjoyed learning languages
in school, but only recently did I start learning German. I found that I could understand and learn
individual words easily, but when it came to literature, I really struggled. That was when my tutor
at university suggested reading some children's books printed in the target language.

At first, I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book designed for someone half my age, lout then I
realised
that
everyone
has
to
start
somewhere.
As
children,
we
are
given
these
basic
texts
to
familiarise
our
brains
with
certain
vocabulary
and
writing
structures,
and
from
there,
we
can
learn and develop. I started with books which are taught to us as children in the UK. I managed to
find Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens and James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl.


The
beauty
of
reading
books
that
were
introduced
to
you
as
a
child
is
that
you
are
already
familiar with the plot. As a result, you can work out some of the definitions of words with your
prior knowledge of the story. At first, I used to read with the book in one hand and a dictionary in
the other, but this method did not work well for me. The method I would recommend is to read a
chapter of your chosen children's book and at the end of that chapter, highlight the words you do
not know and then look up the definitions. If you can wait a bit before you use a dictionary, you
may
be
surprised
what
you
can
get
merely
from
the
context
of
the
sentence
in
the
story.
Additionally, a lot of children's books have pictures which may give you a clue as to what or to
whom the passage is referring.

（
1
）
Why was the author advised to read children's books?

A. Because she was weak in reading great works.

B. Because she was slow to learn language.

C. Because she liked children's literature.

D. Because she couldn't remember any words.

（
2
）
What can kids get from children's books according to the passage?

A. Vocabulary and listening skills. B. Learning methods.

C. Words and structures.
D. Designing skills.

（
3
）
What causes the author feel surprised while reading children's books?

A. Grasping the context from the pictures.

B. Looking up the definitions of words from a dictionary.

C. Getting familiar with the plots of the story.

D. Understanding the words simply from the context.

（
4
）
What can be the best title of the passage?

A. Reading Children's Books
B. The Way of Learning Languages

C. The Method of Using Dictionary
D. My Good Reading Habits

【答案】

（
1
）
A

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
A

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在学德语，因为看不懂文学作品，开始看 德语
儿童书籍，得到了意外的惊喜。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“
I
found
that
I
could
understand
and
learn
individual
words
easily,
but
when
it
came
to
literature,
I
really
struggled.
That
was
when
my
tutor
at
university suggested re
ading some children's books printed in the target language.”< br>可知作者只
能理解单个的字词，理解不了文学作品，所以她的导师建议她看一些用目标语言写的儿 童
书。故选
A
。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“As
children,
we
are
given
these
basic
texts
to
familiarise our brains with certain vocabulary and writing structures”
可知儿童 在看儿童书时可
以熟知其中的词汇和写作结构，故选
C
。


（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“If you can wait a bit before you use a dictionary, you
may be surprised what you can get merely from the context of the sentence in the story.”
可知作
者认为如果先不急着 用字典，你会为你从语境里得到的东西而惊讶。字典是用于查词的，
这里作者想表达的就是先不用字典， 从语境可以猜出词义，选
D
。


（
4
）考查主旨 大意。全文作者讲述了她读儿童书的经历以及读儿童书的好处，故选
A
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要 求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选 出正确答案。


4
．
阅读理解


Generally speaking, people like those who have a good sense of humor.

Sometimes a touch of humor might well enable us to win. Consider the case of a young friend
of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (
最后通牒
)
about
being
late
on
the
job.
Although
there
was
a
good
reason
for
Brian's
being
late
—
serious
illness at home
—
he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn't work any longer. His boss
was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech.

Yes, the boss was, as Brian entered the office at 9:35. The place was as quiet as a locker room
(
更衣室
): everyone was hard at work. Brian's boss came up to him. Suddenly, Brian forced a smile
and stretched out his hand.
understand, became available just 35 minutes ago. Doesn't the early bird get the worm?

The room exploded in laughter. The boss
clamped off a smile and walked back to his office.
Brian had saved his job, with the only tool that could win
—
a laugh.

Humor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected means of handling the difficult situations in
our lives. It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying
the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face. For some jobs, it's the only tool that
can succeed. It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel. For
example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious
tolerance (
忍受力
) than people in any other forum.

（
1
）
Brian was late for his job because ________.

A. he got up late B. he was seriously ill

C. he was caught in a traffic jam D. he was busy applying for a new job

（
2
）
What can we infer about humor?

A. It is the early bird. B. It is important in our lives.

C. Brian often saved his job with humor.
D. It can solve racial discriminations.

（
3
）
What does the underlined phrase

A. charge B. tried to set C. gave up D. tried to hold back

（
4
）
What can we learn from the text?

A. Many people lack in a sense of humor.

B. Brian was supposed to arrive at his office at 8: 30.

C. It wasn't the first time that Brian came late for work.

D. Humor is the most interesting way of solving problems.

【答案】

（
1
）
C

（
2
）
B

（
3
）
D

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记 叙文，上班族
Brian
因为遇到了交通阻塞上班迟到，而在
此之前他已经收到了迟到 的最后通牒，因此这次很可能被辞退。当他在
9
：
35
分时走进办
公 室，他的老板走向了他，突然，布莱恩强颜欢笑，伸出手来。

你好
!
他说。< br>
我是布莱
恩。我正在申请一份工作，据我所知，这份工作在
35
分钟前 才开始招聘。早起的鸟儿有虫
吃吗
?
于是办公室都爆发出了笑声，他通过一点幽默化解 了这次危机。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a
traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (
最后通牒
) about being late
on the job.”
可知
Brian
上班迟到是因为遇到了 交通阻塞，故选
C
。


（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“Brian had saved his job, with the only tool that could
win
—a
laugh.”
可知布莱恩保住了他

的

工作，用的是唯一能赢的工具
——
笑声。即可推测幽
默 在生活中是很重要的，故选
B
。


（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“The room explode
d in laughter. The boss clamped off a
smile
and
walked
back
to
his
office.”
可知房间里哄堂大笑，因此老板也是只能强忍住笑，走回他的办公室。故可知划线部分单词意思为

努力忍住；抑制住

，故选D
。


（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的
“Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a
traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (
最后通牒
) about being late
on
the
job.”
可知
Brian
在上 班路上遇到了交通堵塞，就在他收到上班迟到的最后通牒后不
久。可知这不是
Brian
第一次上班迟到了，故选
C
。


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解 ，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础 上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。


5
．
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）中，选出最佳选项。


Every year from March to October, Christian Moullec, also known as
skies
aboard
his
adapted
light
aircraft.
However,
the
58-year-old
Frenchman's
daily
30-minute
flight is not just to enjoy the impressive views, but to guide flocks (
鸟群
) of lesser white-fronted
geese (
小白额雁
) through safe migration paths which the birds can teach future generations.

His deed began in 1995 when he noticed their declining population in the wilds of Lapland,
Sweden.
To
prevent
their
numbers
from
dropping
further,
Moullec
tried
to
get
the
threatened
species to follow him along migration routes that would protect them from bird hunters.

However, getting grown geese to follow his lead proved challenging. As young geese imitate
and follow whomever they view as their parent, Moullec decided to raise the geese from birth.

To help raise funds and awareness of his job to protect not just the geese but birds worldwide,
Moullec often allows paying tourists to join him on the 30-minute-long flights aboard his aircraft.
In addition to the trained birds flying alongside them, visitors, who come from as far as a 15-hour
plane flight away, are treated to a variety of crane and geese species as well as breathtaking views
of castles and cities.

He often brings his camera along for the flights, capturing photos not just for their beauty, but
for what they describe. Moullec believes the use of agricultural chemicals has done harm to wild
European birds, with more than a third disappearing in the last 30 years.


（
1
）
Why does

observe geese along their migration routes.

follow geese through safe migration paths.

take visitors to operate his adapted aircraft.

guide geese fly safely during the migration.

（
2
）
What do we know about

is a nature lover.

is a bird watcher.

is a volunteer pilot.

is a bird hunter.

（
3
）
What does Moullec often take photos in his flights for?

ing the use of agricultural chemicals.

g serious damage caused by chemicals.

bing his experiences with flying birds.

ing the beautiful views of birds and cities.

（
4
）
What can be a suitable title for the text?

n Guides Flocks to Learn to Fly.

n Finds Birds Disappearing.

n Helps Flocks Safely Migrate.

n Protects Birds From Hunters.

【答案】

（
1
）
D

（
2
）
A

（
3
）
B

（
4
）
C

【解析】
【分析】短文大意：
Christian
Moullec
通过驾驶他的轻型飞行器来指导小白额雁安
全迁徙，他还带领游客们一起体验这种飞行来增强人们保护鸟 类的意识。


（
1
）细节理解题。根据第一段
but
to
guide
flocks
(
鸟群
)
of
lesser
white-fronted
geese
(
小白额雁
)
through
safe
migration paths
可知
Birdman
是用他的飞行器指导小 白额雁安全
迁徙，故选
D
。


（
2
）推 理判断题。通过文章可知
Birdman
不仅指导小白额雁安全迁徙还认为农药的使用
对野生鸟类造成伤害，可以看出他是一个热爱自然的人，故选
A
。

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