SAT语法之代词的用法总结

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2021年01月24日 02:41
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SAT
语法之代词的用法总结



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雅思
6.5
是什么水平

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托福阅读评分标准

雅思和托福的区




代词的记忆技巧
:

1.
巧记物主代词:

物主代词分两家,形、名词性各一 霸
;his,its
无变化,
my,mine
记牢它
;
其余 变形
规律化,形容词
(

)
后加尾巴
(-s)
。< br>

2.
巧记:
this

these靠近我,
that

those
离我远;
this
,< br>that
指单数,
these

those
不指单;都可
the
来代替,劝君务必记心里


3.
巧 记:
all

both

each
的位置




两前

:行为动词前;半系动词前。

三后

:连系动词
be
之后;情态动词后;助动词后。


4.
巧记复合代词分合:分合皆能单独用,后加
of
合不成。



巧学不定代词:不定代词美名扬,修饰成分后边藏;单数动词作谓语,何时何地都一样。



代词分为九类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词
疑问代词、连接代词、不
定代词、关系代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。


1
、人称代词



1
)人称代词作主语用主格,作宾语、表语用宾格,但应注意以下
4
中情况:



作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中 ,或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用,
常用宾格。




Does any of you know where Tom lives?



Me.

What! Me (to)play him at chess? No!



句 子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时,与所替代的名词在人称、数、格在意义上一般要保持前后一
致。


The thief was thought to be he. (the thief
是主格,故用
he
代替
)

They took me to be her.
他们误以为我是她。(
me
是宾格 ,故用
her
替代)




作表语人称代词一般用宾格,但在强调句型中,被强调部分代词的格不变。


I met her in the hospital.

It was her who I met in the hospital.


在比较级的句子中
than

as
后用主格、宾格都可以。如 :
He is taller than me(I).
但在下列句子
中有区别。


I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her.

I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too.

( 2 )
两个以上的人称代词并列,其次序排列原则:




在并列主语中,
“I”
总是放在最后,排列顺序为:二三一(人称)。宾格
me也一样。


You ,she and I will be in charge of the case.

Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.



第三人称,男女两性并用,男先女后。



He and she still don’t agree to the plan.


( 3 )
几个人称代词的特殊用法。


we / you(
口语
)
常用来泛指一般人。




she
可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。



The “Titanic” was the largest, wasn’t she?


2.
物主代词




1
)名词和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。




2

one’s own…=...of one’s own
句式的转换。




3
)某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。



如:
take sb. by the arm, be wounded in the leg.

3.
反身代词




1
)反身代词的语法功能:宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。




2
)反身代词和某些动词连有,构成固定短语。


enjoy oneself, feel oneself,

make oneself at home, make oneself understood



3
)反身代词还可用于某些成语中。


for oneself
为自己或独立地,
of oneself
自然地,自动地


by oneself
独自地,
in oneself
本身性质,
beside oneself
喜怒哀愁至极


This problem gets a chapter to itself.
这个问题占了一章(独有)。


Just between o
urselves, I don’t think much of him.
私下地说我并不怎么看重他。


They were discussing about it among themselves.
(相互共同)


Left to himself he began to write.
别人走后只留下他,他写了起来。



I’m very angry with myself.
生自己的气。


4.
相互代词(
each other, one another




相互代词无人称、数和格的区别,在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为
each other’s

one another’s ,
作定语。



一般来说,
each other
指两者之间,
one another
指三者或三者以上之间,但现在区分已不明显。


5.
指示代词(
this, that , these, those, such, same

it




指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性,在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。




1
)指示代词
this

that的区别。




this (these)
一 般指时间或空间上较近的人或物;
that(those)
常指时间或空间较远的人或物。

This is my desk and that is yours.

In those days they could not go to school.



this
常指后面要讲到的事物,有 启下的作用;
that
则指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用。


I want to tell you this: the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.


He hurt his leg yesterday. That’s why he didn’t come.




this
在电话用语中作自我介 绍,
that
询问对方;
this

that
可以当副词用 ,意思相当于副词
so




I am not that foolish. I can’t jump this high.




2

such

same
的用法。




such


这样的
人或事,在句中作主语和定语。


Such was the have never seen such a tall building.


注意:
such adj.
这样的,那么的


Such is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. (2009
辽宁
)

Such was her bravery that they were all frightened.

His excitement was such that he shouted.



same

同样的

人或事,在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语,
same
的前面要用定冠词
the.

The same can be said of the other article.


另一篇文章也是同样的情况。(主语)


Whether he can do it or not, it is all the same to me.


他是否能做这事,对我来说都一样。(表语)


(3) it
考点:


it
指时间

If I can help it,… it
做形式成分
it
强调句



识别下列例句:


It was evening when we arrived home. (it
指时间
)


If I can help it, I don’t like working late into the night.



She made it her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.



I’d appreciate it if you tea
ch me how to use the computer.

I like it here in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.

It is our belief that hard work leads

It felt funny watching myself on TV.
看着自己上电视很滑稽。


--- Where did you last meet him?

--- It was in the hotel where he stayed.
(强调句)


Was it in the air battle which was led by Captain Smith that Tom lost his life?
(强调句)


Well, maybe it is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
(强调句)


6
、疑问代词(
who, whom, which, what, whose




疑问代词在句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语。




1

who/what



询问姓名或关系。



询问职业或地位。




What/who
作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于说话人的视点,可单数也可复数。


What is /are on the table? Who is/are in the library?

(2)which

who

what

whi ch
表示在一定范围内,而
who

what
则无此限制。


I found two books on the desk. Which is yours?

7.
连接代词和关系代词



连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同,主要有
who

whom

whose

what

which
以及它们与
ever

成的代词
whoever

whomever< br>、
whatever

whichever
等。它们用来引导主语从句 ,宾语从句和表
语从句,即连接复合句中的主句和从句,并在从句中担任一定的句子成分,以连接代词引 起的名词性
从句前不能再加
that.


关系代词是用来 引导定语从句的代词,它们包括
who

whom

whose
which

that
等。这两类
代词的用法详见

名词性从句



定语从句

部分。


8
、不定代词



不定代词主 要有:
all

each

every

both

either

neither

one
none

little

few

many

much

other

another

so me

any

no
等。还有由
some

any

no

every
构成合成代词,不定
代词具有 名词和形容词的性质,并有可数和不可数之分,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、
定语、状语等 (
every

no
只能作定语)。下面介绍几组主要不定代词的用法与区别 。




1

some

any

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计算机试题及答案-家乡美景


计算机试题及答案-家乡美景


计算机试题及答案-家乡美景


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