中考英语代词详细讲解
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2021年01月24日 02:52
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第一模块
课堂新授
．知识导入
呈现
2012
——
2014
年中考选择题试卷，
从整体上感知中考考点。
本节课主要从①
代词的
定义、②代词的分类和③代词的用法
来讲解。
．知识讲解
常考点清单一
人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
1
人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
（
1
）
人
称代词
单数
复数
一
主格
宾格
（
2
）人称代词的用法
二
三
一
二
三
I
人称代词的主格在句中充当主语
She
is a good student.
II
人称代词宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语
I don
’
t know
her
.
His mother is waiting for
him
outside.
----Who is there?
-----It
’
s
me
.
III
人称代词语序
几个代词并列充当主语时，它们的顺序是：
单数
(2
，
3, 1
）
you,he/she and I
复数（
1, 2, 3
）
we,you and they
2
物主代词
物主代词分为形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
单数
复数
一
形容词性
名词性
二
他的
三
她的
它的
一
二
三
注意：
I
形容词性物主代词
+n.
，一般不单独使用
His
parents are both office workers.
My
name is Jessie.
II
名词性物主代词
=
形容词性物主代词
+
名词
My idea is quite different from
hers
.( her idea)
III
冠词
a,an the
和
this,that,some
后不能用物主代词。
She is a my friend.
She is my friend.
IV
名词性物主代词可与
of
连用作定语，相当于“
of+
名词所有格”
，表示带有部分概
念或有一定的感情色彩。
He is
a friend of mine.
(=of my friend
’
s)
He is a friend of me.
3
反身代词
（
1
）
反身代词的单复数形式
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
（
2
）反身代词用法
I hope you can enjoy
yourselves
at the party.(
作宾语）
The children made model planes
themselves
.(
作同位语
,
表示亲自或自己）
That poor boy was
myself
.(
作表语）
(3)
反身代词的常用词组
teach oneself ______________
learn by oneself_____________
enjoy oneself______________
help oneself________________
come to oneself____________
hurt oneself________________
by oneself________________
常考点清单二
指示代词、疑问代词、
it
1
指示代词
单数
复数
2
指示代词用法
（
1
）
this/these
①
近指
This
is my pen.
These
are my books.
②
指下文要提到的事
Please remember
this
:No pains,no gains.
(2) that/those
①
远指
That
’
s her bike.
②
指前面刚刚提到过的事
He was ill.
That
was why he didn
’
t go to school.
(3)
打电话用
this
介绍自己
,that
表示对方
This
is Jessie speaking. Is that Jack speaking?
2
疑问代词
疑问代词
who
whom
whose
what
which
主要用法
谁，问人（主格）
谁，问人（宾格）
谁的，所属关系
什么
哪一个，哪一些，
例句
Who wants to go with me?
To whom are you talking?
Whose book is this?
What
’
s your father?
—
He is a doctor.
Which one do you like best?
3
代词
it
（
1
）指代前面提过的事物
The book on the desk is not mine.
It
is Jessie.
(2)
代替指示代词
this
或
that
。
----What
’
s that?
----
It
is a pen.
(3)
指代婴儿或不明身份的人
Someone is knocking at the go and see who
it
is.
(4)
指代时间或季节
It
is ten o
’
clock.
(5)
指代天气
---What
’
s the weather like today? ----
It
is sunny.
(6)
指代距离
How far is
it
from your school to your home?
(7)
常用于以下句型：
①
It is + adj.+(for sb) to do sth.
It
is important for us to work hard.
②
It
’
s time to do /for/that...
It
’
s time to get up/for lunch/that we went home.
③
It seems that...
It
seems that you are right.
④
It
’
s one
’
s turn to do...
It
’
s your turn to sing.
⑤
It
’
s + adj. +that ...
It
’
s natural that they should have different views.
(8)
作形式宾语
Do you think
it
necessary to learn to wait in time?
(9)
引导强调句型：
It is/was +
被强调部分
+ that/who +
其他
It
is he who goes to school by bike every day.
常考点清单三
普通不定代词及复合不定代词
1
初中阶段普通不定代词
some,any
few,little
none
many,much
each,every
2
普通不定代词用法
either,neither
both,all
one
other
（
1
）
some/any
相同点：
some/any
均表示“一些”
，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不 可数名词
不同点：
some
一般用于肯定 句，
any
用疑问句，否定句和条件句。
但在疑问句中当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议用
some
There aren
’
t
any
students in the classroom.
Look!
Some
boys are playing football.
Would you like
some
tea?
注意：
something,anything< br>等词的用法基本和
some
，
any
用法一致。
(2) many/much
How
many
bottles of water do you need?
I don
’
t have much money.
（
3) both/all/either/any/neither/none
两者
三者（以上）
注意：①
both...and...
两者都
Both his father and his mother are teacher.
neither...nor...
两者都不
Neither his father nor his mother is teacher.
either...or..
或
...< br>或
...,
要么
...
要么
...
Either he or his brother goes to London.
②
either/neither of +
名词（代词）的复数
+
谓语动词（第三人称单数）
Neither
of the books is good.
③
either...or.../neithe r...nor...
连接两个主语时，采取就近原则。
Neither
you nor he is wrong.
(4) each/every(
每个）
each
every
都
both
all
任何
either
any
都不
neither
none