汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

2021年1月24日发(作者：生核桃)

(
一
)
知识概要

英语中代词可以分为人称代词、

们主格

i you

he she it we you they
物主代词、
反身代词、
指示代词、
疑问代词、
不定代词。

人称

我

你

他

她

它

我们

你们

他

宾格

me you him her it

us you them


人称

我的

你的

他的

她的

它的

我们的

你们的

他们的


形容词性

my

your

his her its ours your they

名词性

mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs



反身代词可见下表

人称

我

你

他

她

它

我们

你们

他们



反身代词

myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourself themselves

指示代词主要有
this, that, these, those
疑问代词有：
who, whom whose, what, which,
还有疑问副词
when, how, where, why
。

不定代词在初中课本中主要有
some, any
，

many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both,
one, none, either
…

(
二
)
正误辨析

［误］
Tom's mother is taller than my.
［正］
Tom's mother is taller than mine.
［析］形容词性物主代词可以作定语，也就是讲它可以作形容词，如：
my book
，而这句话
的意思是：汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是
my mother,
也就是
mine
。

［误］
We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.
［正］
We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish it.
［析］
在应用代词时，
要注 意人称，
格与数的一致性。
这里
it
所代替的是不可数名词
home work
，

所以应用
it
。

［误］
He and you should go to the library to return the books.
［正］
You and he should go to the library to return the books.
［析］
这主要 是英语习惯上的用法。
当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为
you, he,
she, I,
而复数时为
we, you
，

they:
如男女并列时，应先男后女，如：
He and she
…如果在表
示不好意思，
承担责任时，
单数时用，
I, he, she, you,
复数时用
They, you
，

we,
如：
Tom and
I are good friends.
You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.
We, you and they have been there before.
I, he and you have to pay for it.
［误］
He or his brother is doing their homework.
［正］
He or his brother is doing his homework.
［析］由
either
…
or,
neither
…
nor,
or
连接两个主语时，如果两主语是 单数时，用单数代词，
如两主语是复数时，
用复数代词，
如：
Either teachers or students want to do their best to help the
old man.
如是一单一复两名词时，
一般将单数名词放在前，
复数名词放在后，
要用复数代词，
如：
The teacher or his students will clean their classroom together.
［误］
His brother is taller than him.
［正］
His brother is taller than he.
［析］
than
是连词，其后应视为省略句，
than he is.
所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。

I like you as much as she.
［正］
I like you as much as her.
［析］
as
…
as
其后也应看作是省略句。应为
as I like her.
所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我
像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含 义不同。

［误］
Myself did it yesterday.
［正］
I myself did it yesterday.
［正］
I did it myself yesterday.

［误］
Take care of ourselves.
［正］
Take care of yourselves .(yourself)
［析］祈始句的主语应看作第二人称
you.
［误］
Please bring your daughter with yourself.
［正］
Please bring your daughter with you.
［析］
反身代词不能作介词宾语，
除非是由不及物动词与介词组 成的动词短语，
如：

The old
woman spoke to herself.
［误］
Make yourself home.
［正］
Make yourself at home.

enjoy oneself
玩得开心
make yourself at home
像在家中一样

help yourself to something
自己拿某物
lost oneself
迷路

seat oneself
就坐
dress oneself
穿衣

［误］—

Who's this speaking.
—

That's Mary.
［正］—

Who's that speaking.
—

This is Mary.
［析］在电话用语中 ，
this
指讲话人自己，而
that
指对方。

［误］
The days in summer are longer than this in winter.
［正］
The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
［析］在比较句中往往为了避免重复， 可以用
that
或
those
取代前面提到的事物，如是单数
时用< br>that,
复数时用
those
，如：
The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.
［误］
It is so a good book that everyone likes to read.
［正］
It is such a good book that everyone likes to read.
［正］
It is so good a book that everyone likes to read.
［析］在可 数名词单数时可用
so+
形容词
+
不定冠词
+
名词
+that
从句，
也可用
such+
不定冠词
+
形容词+that
从句。
在不可数名词或可数名词复数时，
只用
such,
如：
It is such good weather
that I want to go swimming. They are such good books that I want to buy them all.
在
many, much,
few, little
这
4
个词前仅能用
so,
如：

She has so much money that she can buy everything she
wants.
而在
so
与
that
之间仅存形容词时，则不能用
such,
如
:She is so sweet that everyone likes
her.
［误］
I want to buy a same dictionary as yours.
［正］
I want to buy the same dictionary as yours.
［析］
same
与定冠词
the
是固定搭配不可更改 。这样的用法还有
all the same(
仍然
)
。

［误］—

I hope she might pass the exam.
—

I don't hope so.
［正］—

I hope she might pass the exam.
—

I hope not.
［析］
在作肯定回答时，
I think so. I hope so. I believe so.
但作否定回答时为：
I don't think so. I
hope/believe not.
［误］—

He studied very hard this term.
—

So she did.
［正］—

He studied very hard this term.
—

So did she.
［误］—

English is difficult to learn.
—

So is it.
［正］—

English is difficult to learn.
—

So it is.
［析］在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语，这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句 。
如第一组句，即
studied hard
既适用于
he,
也适用 于
she.
但答语仅仅是对前句的重复，即仅仅
是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如 第二组句子为：英语难学。答语为：是的，难学。这
时缩写的答语不要用倒装句。

［误］
Everyone should do one's best.
［正］
Everyone should do his best.
［析］
one
作代词时，它的复数形式是
ones,
所有格形式是
one's，反身代词为
oneself.
如果讲
One
should
do
one's
best.
则是对句。如果
one
与别的词组成其他词，如：

someone,
anyone,
everyone
或
only one
则要用
his/her
，来作其所有格形式。

［误］—

Who won the game?
—

None.
［正］—

Who won the game?
—

No one.
［析］由
who
提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是
no one,
而由
How many
提问的句子的
否定回答中的简略语是
None.
如：
How many books are there? None.
［误］
There are many trees on either sides of the street.
［正］
There are many trees on either side of the street.
［正］
There are many trees on both sides of the street.
［析］
either
作代词 时由两个含意，其一是两者中随便哪一个，如：
You can take either.
其 二
是两者中的每一个。
但要注意的是
either
后要加单数名词，如果作主 语则谓语动词也要用单
数形式。

［误］
Either you or I are right.
［正］
Either you or I am right. ［析］在
either
…
or,
或
neither
…< br>nor
连接两个主语时，其谓语动词要与和其相近的那个主语
相配。

［误］
I have three sisters. Neither of them is a doctor.
［正］
I have three sisters. None of them is a doctor.
［析］
neither
用于两者中无一 是，而
none
则用于多于两者中的人或事物无一是。

［误］
He doesn't like Beijing opera. I don't like too.
［正］
He doesn't like Beijing opera, I don't like either.
［析］
either
作为“也”讲时，要用于否定句中， 而
too
则用于肯定句中。

［误］
We like both this little boy.
［正］
We both like this little boy.
［析］
both
作同位语时，它在句中的位置有：在
be
动词之后，如：
We
are
both
students.
在
实意动词之前，
如：
The parents both want to go to the cinema.
用于第一助动词之后，
如：
We have
both read these English novels.
使用时要注意以下句子的实际含意：
Both of us are not right.
应译
为：我们俩不都对。
Neither of us is right.
才应译为：我俩都不对。又如：
I can't give you both
of the books.
意为：两本书我不能全给你，而
I can't give you either of the books.
才为：两本书
我全不能给你。

［误］
We each has a ticket for the concert.
［正］
We each have a ticket for the concert.
［析］
each
作句子主语时其谓语动词要用单数形式，
如：
Each of us wants to learn English well
，
但
each
作同位语时，则应以原名词的数为准。

［误］
Every of us has to pass the exam.
［正］
Each of us has to pass the exam.
［析 ］
every
只可作形容词，不可作代词，而
each
既可作形容词，又可作 代词，在作形容词
时
each
侧重强调个体，而
every
则侧重于全体。

［误］
Everyone of us should do housework two hours a day.
［正］
Every one of us should do housework two hours a day.
［析］
everyone
不可与
of
结构相连接使用，而
every one
则可以这样用。

［误］
I should read English everyday.
［正］
I should read English every day.
［析］要注意的是
every day
是“每天”
，
而
everyday
则是形容词为
“日常的”
。
如：
everyday
English
日常英语，
everyday life
日常生活。

［误］
There are trees on every sides of the street.
［正］
There are trees on each side of the street.








































［析］
ever y
用于三者或三者以上的每一个，而
each
用于二者或二者以上的每一个。因为街< br>道只有两侧，所以只能用
each
而不能用
every.
［误］
All my parents are engineers.
［正］
Both my parents are engineers.
［析］
all
用于三者或三者以上的全部，而
both
则用于两者的全部。

［误］
All of students might make some mistakes.
［正］
All of the students might make some mistakes.
［正］
All students might make some mistakes.
［析］非特指的名词前可用
all
但不可用
all of
结构，也就是讲
all of
结构后面的名词前一定
要有定冠词。其他与
all
有关的习惯用法还有：

all the year round, all week, all day, all winter
［误］
The all village was flooded.
［正］
All the village was flooded.
［析］
all
作修饰语时要用在所有修饰词之前。

［误］
The post office is on other side of the street.
［正］
The post office is on the other side of the street.
［析］
单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用
another,
而特指时则要用
the other,
因街道只有两边，
而 不在这边必定是在另一边，所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。



单数

复数


泛指

another
形容词

作定语

作名词


another
代词

other others

特指

the other
形容词


the other
代词



the other the others

［误］
There are ten students here Where are the others students?
［正］
There are ten students are the others?
［正］
There are ten students here Where are the other students?
［析］
the others=the other students.
［误］
The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.
［正］
The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.
［析］
another
用于泛指，
如：
Is it far from here to the station?I'm sorry. I have no idea. One may
say it is quite near; another may say it is far from here.
但在特指时则要用
the other.
它可以用作
定语，
the other one,
也可以用作代词
the other,
但
the other
用作代词时它的含意一定是单数。
如果指三者或者三者以上的情况时，
则要用
one
…
another
…
the other.
或者
one
…
a second
…
the
third
…

［误］
Some people like sports. The others like reading.
［正］
Some people like sports. Others like reading.
［析］在泛 指的复数名词前用
some
…
others
…
others
…来表示某些人……某些人……某些
人……。

［误］
Please remember to water the flowers each other day.
［正］
Please remember to water the flowers every other day.
［析］
every other day
为每隔一天。是习惯用法，不要随意改动。又如：
on the other hand
另
一方面。

［误］
Many know him
，

but few likes him.
［正］
Many know him, but few like him.
［析 ］
few
用于可数名词，
意为几乎没有，
但
few
作主语时 谓语动词则要用复数形式，
而
a few
为有一些。

［误］
You have few friends, haven't you?
［正］
You have few friends, have you?
［析］
little
与
few
用于句中时，均要按否定句看待。

［误］
Much of what you said are true.
［正］
Much of what you said is true.
［析］< br>much
用于不可数名词，作主语时用单数谓语动词。而
many
用于可数名词 ，它作主
语时用复数形式的谓语动词。

［误］
This room is enough large for the students to live in.
［正］
This room is large enough for the students to live in.
［析］
enough
可以用作代词，
如：
There is enough of the food.
又如：
Enough has been done for
the work
，但
enough
还可以作形容词来修饰名词，这时
enough
可以放在名词之前，也可放
在名词之后，如：
money
enough
与
enough
money
都是对的。但当
enough
作副词修饰形容
词时，则只能置于形容词之后了。

［误］
I want any books to read. Do you have any?
［正］
I want some books to read. Do you have any?
［析］按 照语法
any
用于疑问句和否定句，而
some
用于肯定句。

［误］
Would you like any thing to drink?
［正］
Would you like something to drink?
［析］在由
would you like
发出的问句中，表达了说话者真心实意要为 对方提供些饮料，或
在说话者想得到对方的肯定答复时，在疑问句中要用
some
而不 用
any
。

［误］
Someone want to meet you.
［正］
Someone wants to meet you.
［析］
不定代词应被看作单数，
即使用
and
Anyone
and everyone has the right.
任何人，每一个人都有这样的权力。

［误］
New York is much colder in winter than before.

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实

汪国真爱情诗-虚拟与现实