广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

2021年1月24日发(作者：张应明)
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代词

代词可以分为下列九类
1
人称代词
2
物主代词
3
反身代词
4.
相互代词
5.
指示代词

6.
疑问代词
7.
关系代词
8.
连接
代词
9
不定代词

一

人称代词
英语中主要有以下这些人称代词：








数

单数

复数


格




人称

一

二

三

一

二

三

主格

宾格

I
me
you
you
he, she, it
him, her, it
we
us
you
you
they
them
人称代词做主语时用主格，做宾语时用宾格。

在作表语时，用宾格较多，例如：
Who is knocking at the door? --- It
’
s me.
但在强调结构中却常用主格：
It is I that
∕

who will love you from beginning to end.
在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意：

1
）
she
可以用来代表国家，船只，大地，月亮等。

e.g. I think England will do what she promised to do.
2)
在并列的主语中，
I
总放在最后。
e.g.

①
Mary and I will be in charge of the case.

②
You,she and I ,who are all good friends,should love one another from the bottom of our heart forever.
3)
第三人称，男女两性并用时，男先女后。
e.g. He and she still don
’
t agree to the plan.
二

物主代词
英语中主要有下列这些物主代词：

类
型



我的


你的

他（她，它）
我们的

你们的

他们的

词义

的

形容词性物主代词

my
your
His, her, its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词

mine
yours
His, hers, its
ours
yours
theirs
1.

形容词性的物主代词只能作定语，如
I am going to my home village to see my parents this weekend.
2.

名词性的物主代词可以作：
（注：形代﹢具名＝名代，形代在句中其后 必有具体的名词。
）

1)
主语

Ours is a big family.
2
）宾语
The life in your country is quite different from ours.
3
）表语
Whose dictionary is this? ----it
’
s mine.
4
）

“
of +
名词性物主代词
”
可用作定语


That car of hers is always breaking down.= Her car is
……
.
三

反身代词

单数

myself
yourself
himself
herself
Itself
复数

ourselves
yourselves








themselves
1
．这些词可用来：
(
注：主宾一致的情况 下往往用反身代词充当宾语。
)
1
）

作宾语
I can
’
t express myself in English.
2)
作表语
I am not quite myself these days.

3
）作主语或宾语的同位语
The theory itself is all right.
在作同位语时，自身代词常译作“本人”或“亲自”

They must make investigation themselves.
他们必须亲自作调查。

与
by oneself
较难区分


by oneself
译为“一个人干（不要别人帮助）
”

They made the machine all by themselves.
这机器完全是他们自己制造的。

2
．自身代词常和某些动词连用

enjoy oneself, behave oneself(
使自己举止良好
),help yourself to sth.
请吃点
...Come to oneself
苏醒

3
．常与某些介词连用

by oneself
一个人做（不要别人帮助）

for oneself
替自己，自己



He has a right to decide for himself.

他有权自己决定。

in oneself
本身



This is not a bad idea in itself.
这主意本身并不错。

to oneself
供自己用


She had a room to herself.

她自己住一间房。

四

相互代词

One another
与
each other
由于表示相互关系，称为相互代词，两者的用法是差不多的。

We can help one another (each other).
We are eager to learn from each other.

五

指示代词

有
this, that, these, those.
注意：

1
．

前面刚提到的东西，英语中常用
that (
或
those)
表示。

e.g.

①
We have no time to do it. That
’
s our trouble
.
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②
The umbrella you bought yesterday is cheaper than that I bought a moment ago.


③
Generally speaking,the weather in the south is warmer than that in the north.
(
注：
that
指代可单＝
the one
，亦可指代抽象的不可数名词。
)
2.
指下面要谈到的事物时，常用
this,
表示。

I want to know this: has John been here?
3 those
在下面的这种类型的句子里常出现，表示人们或东西（后面多有一定定语修饰）

Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
The students in Class 1 are more active than those in Class 2.
.
(
注：
those
指代可数名词的复数＝
the ones
。
)

六

疑问代词

有
who, whom, whose, what, which
都是来构成特殊问 句的。
Who
通常做主语和表语，
whom
做宾语。

1 what, who

一般来说，
what
问的是职业或地位，
who
问的是姓名。

----What was her husband?
---- He was a lawyer.
比较

---- who was her husband?




----- He was John Smith, the son of a famous writer.
2 which, what



Which
用于已知情况的选择，其后可以跟
of,
而
what
用于未知情况的疑问，其后不能跟
of.
What fruit do you like best?
Which do you like better, oranges or apples?
3
在以这类代词做主语时，后面的动词可以用复数形式，
也可以用单数形式，
要看所代表的人或物是复数还是单数来决 定。
e.g. Who live(s) in this room?

如果不清楚代表的东西是复数还是单数，则动词多用单数形式。

-----What
’
s there on the desk?
-----
There’re
some books on it.
七
.
连接代词：
疑问代词都可以用作连接代词，来引起主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句。
（注：不管何种从句我们的原则是
“缺什么补什么”
且语序要用陈述语序，
即 引导词位于句首其后的语序用主谓∕系结构，
that
只有引导定语从句才在定从
中充 当句子成分其它任何情况下均不充当句子成分，只起引导词的作用，若“句意完整无疑问”我们用
tha t
引导名词性
从句，若含“是否之意又不缺句子成分”用
i
f
∕whether
引导名从）
。

①
Whether they win or lose is all the same to me.

②
What I really care about is whether it works or not.
③
That china is a great socialist country is well known.

④
The idea that the earth is round is not a new one.

⑤
I did
n
′
t know what had happened until he told me the news.
⑥
After 5 hours
′
drive,they got to what they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
⑦
When will the person who you think is up to the task come to work?
⑧
How he worked it out is still a secret.


代词
what
有时可以用来表示
the thing which
这种意思。

We should never pretend to know
what
we don
’
t know.

2 who(m), which, what
等可以和
ever
构成合成词 ，和前面所提到的疑问代词一样，引导名从。

whatever
［
=anything
﹨
everything
that
或
any
］
,
whichever
(=anyone
who
∕
anything

that…)whoever
(=anyone
who)
,
whomever
(=anyone
whom…)
whoseve
r(
﹦
anyone whose)

等可用于引导名词性从句。这类引导词均相当于“先行词＋关
系代词” ，没有疑问语气，但没有
ever
的引导词
which, who
等却依含有疑问意味。如：

①
The poor young man is ready to accept whatever (=any) help he can get.
那个年青人意愿接受能得到的任何帮助。

②
Whoever (=Anyone who) comes will be welcome.
任何人来都欢迎。

③
This kind of book is of great help to whoever wants to do the job.
你们之中谁想要，我就给谁。

④
You should give it back to whosever
(
﹦
anyone whose)name is on the cover of the book.
注：这类词也可引导状语从句，可用“
no
matter+
疑问词
”
替换，“
no
matter+< br>疑问词
”
只引导让步状语从句且用逗号和
主句隔开。
如：

Whoever (=No matter who) you are, you can’t pass this way.
不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过
.
﹍﹍﹍﹍
will come to help with my English has
n
′
t been decided.
A .No matter who r er
案
D
只有
D
带有疑问口气
.
八．

不定代词：

英语中有下面这些不定代词
：
all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no.
以及一些复合不定代词，
如：
anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everything, nobody, nothing.

, any
和
no
的用法

1). some /any+
可数名词复数
/
不可数名词

2). some
用于肯定句或期待肯定应答的疑问句。
any
用于疑问句或否定句，在肯定句中表示“任何一个 ”

Would you like some tea?
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You can ask me if you have any questions.
3). some of +
代词宾格复数∕
+ the +
名词复数


I know some of them, but not all.
（注：当
any
及
any
系列词表任何之意时可用在肯定 句，如：
Anything may happen in the world, which is commen

in our real life.
）

4). no+
可数名词
/
不可数名词




no=not a/not any
I have no car.



( I have not a car.)
We had no bread for breakfast. (We had not any bread for breakfast.)
Exercise : Fill in the blanks with some, any or no
1). I asked her for __
_____ paper, but she didn’t have _______.


some


any

2).
Would you like to have _______ bananas? Yes, I’d like to.




some
3). Lucy has _______ bike and she often rides
her sister’s bike.


no
4). ______ of the plants grow well.























Some
5). There is _______ air on the moon.






















no
There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me?
A
．
any; some

B
．
any; any

C
．
some; some

D
．
some; any A

, a few, little, a little
的用法：





词

类目

few

a few

little

a little

含

义


很少几个


有几个


很少，不多


有一点


语

气


否定


肯定


否定


肯定


修饰或代替的名词


复数可数名词


复数可数名词


不可数名词


不可数名词


Exercise:
1). I

have

a little good friends

in

our class.(
改错
)





a little----a few
A







B



C








D
2). There is little water in the bottle, ______

_______?

(
补全反意疑问句
)










is



there
3)
．
There is ____ water here; but there are quite ____ empty glasses.


A
．
little; a few


B
．
few; little

C
．
few; a few


D
．
little; a little


A
4). Kate is a nice girl. She says _____ but do much.






A. few

B. a few

C. little


D. a little






c
3.
some
，
any, no, every
与-thing
，
-body
，
-one
构成的合成词的用法
some
，
any
与
-thing
，
-bo dy
，
-one
构成的合成词的用法与
some
，
any< br>一样。

something, somebody
和
someone
用于肯定句

anything, anybody
和
anyone
用于否定句或疑问句

注意：

1).
这些代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：
Everything is hard at the beginning.
2). something
，anything
，
nothing
三者跟形容词时
,
形容词要 放在它们的后面。

Be quiet! I have ____ to tell you.
A
．
important anything B
．
anything important

C
．
important something


D
．
something important


D

和
all
的用法：

1). both
“两者都

”

；
all
“三者或以上都”

2). both+
名词复数









Both suggestions are good.


both of +
代词宾格复数


Both of my parents are healthy.


both of + the+
名词复数

3). all + the+
名词复数
/
不可数名词
All the oil has been used up.
all of

+
代词宾格复数








All of them go to the movies.
all of + the+
名词复数









All of the windows are open.
, either
和
neither
的用法：

both
：指两者都，肯定。后面的名词要用复数，谓语动词用复数。

either
：指两者中的任意一个。后面的名词要用单数，谓语动词用单数。
neither
：指两者中没有一个，全否定。后面的名词要用单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如
:

My brother and I saw 2 movies last night,neither of which was interesting.
both
…
and
…





作主语时
,
谓语动词用复数形式
.

either
…
or
…





“不是……就是
;
或者……或者”
.







连接的并列结构作主语时
,
谓语坚持就近原则

neither
…
nor
…


“既不…又不…

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Exercise:

1).Both Li Ping and I ____ (be) students.

are
2).Neither Li Ping nor I ____ (be) a student.


am
3).Either this answer or that answer ____ (be) correct. is
4).Both (of them) ______ (enjoy) the rice.

enjoy
5). They were all asleep. _____ of them heard the sound.

A. All


B. Both


C. None

D. Neither

c
6).---May I use your pen?



---Yes, here are two and you can use _____ of them.

A. both


B. every



C. any


D. either



d
7). Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk ?




_____, thanks. I’d just like a cup of tea.



A. Either

B. Neither

C. Both

D. None






b
8)
．
There are some trees on ____ side of the street.



A
．
both







B
．
all








C
．
Either






D
．
everyC

和
every
的用法：

1).each
强调个体
(
指一定数目的两者或两者以上，可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。做主语谓语动词用单数。< br>)
every
强调“全体”
,
只能作定语
(
后面必 须跟着名词，指不定数目中的每一个
)
。

Each boy and each girl works hard every day in order to enter the dreamy college
。

Each side of the street has a lot of trees.
Every man is not honest.
并非每个人都诚实。＝
Not every man is honest.
On ________ side of the street there are shops and restaurants.



each
On __________ side of the square there are tall buildings.







Each/every
3). every
还可以表示“每隔
…
的；每
…
中的”

Every year or two
每一两年
every other day
每隔一天

4). and
连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由
each, every, no
修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Exercise:
1). --- How often are the Olympic Games held?





--- ____

four years.


A. Every



B. Each



C. In



D. For





















A


2). There are many trees on ____ side of the street.



A. all


B. every


C. neither


D. each


d
3). ____ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look up words in the dictionary
A
．
Each; every


B
．
Every; each



C
．
Each; each


D
．
Every; every


















a
4).There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand.



A
．
both






B
．
all








C
．
every







D
．
each


D
5)
．
____ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look










up words in the dictionary.
A
．
Each; every B
．
Every; each

C
．
Each; each


D
．
Every; every


A
改错：

1). I gave a present to every of her parents .



every
改
each
2). There are lots of English books here, and every of them is easy to understand. every
改
each
, (the) other , (the) others
和
another
的用法

1). one:
一个…
,

代指前面出现过的同类可数名词，复数为
ones
。

2). an other
经常指三者或三者以上中的另一个，意思是“另外一个表在原有基础上的
又，再”
，
是泛指。
I don
’
t like this coat.
Show me another, please.

another +
数字
+
复数名词：另外几个

We need another 3 plates.
3).other
表示“另外的”
，只作定语
;other+
名词复数
=others (
没有范围限定）

当
other
前

no, any, some
等词时，可接单数形式。


e.g. any other plant,

some other day(
改天
)
，
no other choice.
4).the other,
两者中的另一个。常与
one
连用，构成
one
…
the other (
一个。
。
。另一个
)
5).others
泛指别的人或物，是
other
的复数形式，泛指别的人 或物（但不是全部，全部是“
the others
”
）
e.g. some
…
others
6).the others
特指其余的人或物
,
是
the other
的复数形式。

Exercise:
用
another
和
other
、
others
1). Lei Feng is always ready to help ________.

































others

2). Some are planting trees, some are carrying water, and ______ are watering the trees .

others

3). I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red , the _______ are blue.
















others
4). She held a pen in one hand and his notebook in the ________.




















other

5)
. I have read three stories. I’ll go on to read ________.




























Others/another

6). Can I have _________ three cakes?









































another
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广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任

广告词赏析-夸夸我的班主任