现在完成时与一般过去时附比较练习
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2021年01月25日 00:47
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看云识天气教案-
现在完成时
一、构成
1.
肯定句
:
主语
+have/has+
过去分词
+(
其他）
。
2.
否定句
:
主语
+have/has+not +
过去分词
+(
其他）
。
3.
一般疑问句
Have/has+
主语
+
过去分词
?
Yes, S+have/has.
No, S+have/hasn
’
t.
二、特征词
already(
肯定句
)
yet(
否定句和疑问句
)
never
，
ever(
疑问句
)
just (
谓语动词之前
)
before(
句末）
so far= up to now, by now
（到如今，迄今为止）
in the past/last few years,
(
过去几年来
)
these days
（这几天）
since/ever since
（自从，从那时起）
for+
时间段
:for two years
三、用法
1.
表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have already seen the film.
我已经看过这部电影了。
（还记得内容）
Jim has just lost his book.
吉姆刚才把书丢了。
（还没找到）
2.
常和表示从过去 某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用
.
如：
for+
时间段
for12
weeks/three minutes
since+
时间点
(
起点
)
since 9 o'clock this morning
since
＋一段时间＋
ago< br>＝
for
＋时间段
;
since two weeks ago=for two weeks
for a year=since a year ago;
since 2000=for 9 years
since+
从句
(
从句常用一般过去时
)
The Greens have lived in Macao since they moved to Macao from Paris.
格林一家从巴黎搬到澳门之
后就一直住在澳门。
四、时态填空：
you
sure
you
_______________(lose)
the
book?---- Yes,
I
___________(look)
for
it
everywhere,
but I still can
’
t find it.
___________ already ___________(copy)
these words.
3. Jim _______________(just, watch) a football match. He is so tired and hungry.
4. ___________you
ever _____________(travel) on
a train?
5. ---______ they _______(see)
the film yet?
---_____________(see) it already.
----When______they______(see) it? ----They _______(see)it just now.
6.---- ________
her sister ____________(be) to Nanning?
----No,she_________( never,be) there before.
五、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时与一般过去时都表示“动作已经发生”
，但不同点在于：
（1
）现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，即对现在产生的结果、影响等，而一般
过去时 只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。
He has learned French for three years.
他学法语已经三年了。
He learned French for three years.
他曾经学过三年法语。
Who has taken my bag? I couldn't find it.
谁拿走了我的包？我找不到了？
He cleaned the house yesterday.
他昨天打扫过房间。
The room is clean, for he has cleaned it already.
房间很干净，因为他已经打扫过了。
（
2
）现在完成时不可与表示过去的时间副词连用，而一般过去时则可以。
He has done some washing
yesterday.
He did some washing yesterday.
他昨天洗衣服了。
六、现在完成时与一般过去时练习
1. --- Where __you __ (put) the book?
I can
’
t see it anywhere.
--- I ___(put) it right here. But now it
’
s gone.
A. did put; put
B. have; put; put
C. did; put; have put
D. have; put; have put
2. We haven
’
t heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _______ to her?
A. was happening
B. happens
C. has happened
D. happened
3. Hello, I ____ you were in London. How long _________ here?
A. don
’
t know; were you
B. hadn
’
t known; are you
C. haven
’
t known; are
D. didn
’
t know; have you been