现在完成时教案

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2021年01月25日 00:59
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2021年1月25日发(作者:2019七夕节是哪天)
教案

年级:



科目:

英语

课题:现在完成时

教学目的:

教学重点:

教学难点:

教学过程


Warming up and lead in


Presentation
Recite words and its past and past participle(
背诵单词及其过去分词
):

be, come,become,buy,can,do,eat,feel,go,give,hear,know, let,see,write
(二)
Definition
1.
已完成 用法,也叫影响性用法。该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动
作在过去已经完成,但对现在产生影 响。

2.
未完成用法,也叫持续性用法。该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的 动
作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束,
而是一直持续到现在,
并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)。

(三)
Structure
Have/has +
过去分词

回顾句子结构:(定)主(状)谓(定)宾(补)

E.g, He has seen the film several times.
这部电影他已经看了好几次了。(已
完成)

E.g. I have known her for a ling time.
我认识她很长时间了。(未完成)

否定句:
主语
+ha ve/has+not+
过去分词
+
其他

一般疑问句:
h ave/has+not+
主语
+
过去分词
+
其他

(四)常用时间状语:


since+
时间”


for+
时间段”

how long, since, ever, never, already, yet,
twice, so far, up to now, over the years, in the last/past few years.
1.

Since
表示“自从
......
以来”时,无论 是用作介词、连词还是副词,
since
通常
要与现在完成时连用。如:



I

ve had nothing to eat since lunchtime.
从中午到现在我什么都没吃。

It has been a long time since the TFboys founded. TFboys
成立很久了。

It has ten years since he left here.
他离开这儿已
10
年了。

2.

In the last few years/ in the past few years,“在过去的几年”表示从现
在算起的过去一段时间内,通常要与现在完成时连用。如:



The house has changed hands three times in the last two years.
在过去
的两年中,这栋房子已转手三次。



I

ve seen little of her in the past few weeks.
近几周我很少见到她。

3.

Over the years
“这些年来”“经过这么多年之后”“最近几年”,通常表示
从现在算起的 过去几年。

She

s brought us so much happiness over the years.
这些年来,她给我
们带来了不少的幸福。

4.

So far/Up to now
“到目前为止”


So far/Up to now 500 people have died in the earthquake.
到现在为止,
已有
500
人在地震中丧生。

5.

It

s the first time that...
“这是第一次做某事”

that
从句后跟现在完成时。
如:

It

s the second time I

ve come here.
这是我第二次来这。


for sb.

to do sth.

It

s time














用动词的过去式(
be

were



















that






























should+
动词原形(
should
不省略)

It

s time to do cleaning.
It

s time we should do cleaning.
It

s time we did cleaning.
注意:
1.
现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用,如
yesterday,last week,
three years ago
等;
2.
不能与
when
连用;
3.
现在完成时往往同表示不确定
的过去时间状语连用。

(五)
has gone to ,has been to, has been in
的区别

Have/has gone to:
去了(现在不在现场)

Where is your father? He has gone to Shanghai.
Have/has been to:
去过(在现场)

My father has been in Shanghai.
Have been in :
待了多久(还在所待的地方)

My father has been in Shanghai for two months./since two months
ago.
注意:
与表示次数的
once,twice,three times
等连用是,
只能用
Have been to.
She has been to Europe twice.
他到欧洲去过两次。

另外,
have been to
除了可接地点表示去过某地外,有时可以接活动, 表示去
参加过某种活动,或接动词原形(尤其是动词
see
),表示去做某事。如:< br>
She

s just been to a party.
她刚参加了晚会回来。

He has never been to see me since I have been ill.
我生病以来他从未来看
过我。

(六)现在完成时的肯定句中
瞬间动词

buy,die,join, come,go leave,join...

不能直接与
for+
时间段 ,
since+
时间点连用。要将其改为延续性动词。

口诀:开始离去,借来还,出生入死,买到家。
+
开关结束

Beg in,leave,go,borrow,come,return,leave,join,die,buy, arrive.
Begin-- be on









go out---be out









borrow-- keep


come/arrive/reach/join ----be in









Return--come back to
leave-- be away








die--be dead











Buy--have


Open--be open







close ---be closed







finish---be over
1.

Have
代替
buy



My brother has had
(不能用
has bought

this bike for almost four years.
2.

Keep/have
代替
borrow

I have kept
(不能用
have borrowed

the book for quite a few day.
3.


be
代替
become

How long has your sister been a teacher?
4.


have a cold
代替
catch a cold

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

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