现在完成时教案
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2021年01月25日 00:59
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葫芦娃主题曲歌词-
教案
年级:
九
科目:
英语
课题:现在完成时
教学目的:
教学重点:
教学难点:
教学过程
一
Warming up and lead in
二
Presentation
Recite words and its past and past participle(
背诵单词及其过去分词
):
be, come,become,buy,can,do,eat,feel,go,give,hear,know, let,see,write
(二)
Definition
1.
已完成 用法,也叫影响性用法。该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动
作在过去已经完成,但对现在产生影 响。
2.
未完成用法,也叫持续性用法。该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的 动
作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束,
而是一直持续到现在,
并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)。
(三)
Structure
Have/has +
过去分词
回顾句子结构:(定)主(状)谓(定)宾(补)
E.g, He has seen the film several times.
这部电影他已经看了好几次了。(已
完成)
E.g. I have known her for a ling time.
我认识她很长时间了。(未完成)
否定句:
主语
+ha ve/has+not+
过去分词
+
其他
一般疑问句:
h ave/has+not+
主语
+
过去分词
+
其他
(四)常用时间状语:
“
since+
时间”
,
“
for+
时间段”
及
how long, since, ever, never, already, yet,
twice, so far, up to now, over the years, in the last/past few years.
1.
Since
表示“自从
......
以来”时,无论 是用作介词、连词还是副词,
since
通常
要与现在完成时连用。如:
I
’
ve had nothing to eat since lunchtime.
从中午到现在我什么都没吃。
It has been a long time since the TFboys founded. TFboys
成立很久了。
It has ten years since he left here.
他离开这儿已
10
年了。
2.
In the last few years/ in the past few years,“在过去的几年”表示从现
在算起的过去一段时间内,通常要与现在完成时连用。如:
The house has changed hands three times in the last two years.
在过去
的两年中,这栋房子已转手三次。
I
’
ve seen little of her in the past few weeks.
近几周我很少见到她。
3.
Over the years
“这些年来”“经过这么多年之后”“最近几年”,通常表示
从现在算起的 过去几年。
She
’
s brought us so much happiness over the years.
这些年来,她给我
们带来了不少的幸福。
4.
So far/Up to now
“到目前为止”
So far/Up to now 500 people have died in the earthquake.
到现在为止,
已有
500
人在地震中丧生。
5.
It
’
s the first time that...
“这是第一次做某事”
,
that
从句后跟现在完成时。
如:
It
’
s the second time I
’
ve come here.
这是我第二次来这。
(
for sb.
)
to do sth.
It
’
s time
用动词的过去式(
be
用
were
)
(
that
)
用
should+
动词原形(
should
不省略)
It
’
s time to do cleaning.
It
’
s time we should do cleaning.
It
’
s time we did cleaning.
注意:
1.
现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用,如
yesterday,last week,
three years ago
等;
2.
不能与
when
连用;
3.
现在完成时往往同表示不确定
的过去时间状语连用。
(五)
has gone to ,has been to, has been in
的区别
Have/has gone to:
去了(现在不在现场)
Where is your father? He has gone to Shanghai.
Have/has been to:
去过(在现场)
My father has been in Shanghai.
Have been in :
待了多久(还在所待的地方)
My father has been in Shanghai for two months./since two months
ago.
注意:
与表示次数的
once,twice,three times
等连用是,
只能用
Have been to.
She has been to Europe twice.
他到欧洲去过两次。
另外,
have been to
除了可接地点表示去过某地外,有时可以接活动, 表示去
参加过某种活动,或接动词原形(尤其是动词
see
),表示去做某事。如:< br>
She
’
s just been to a party.
她刚参加了晚会回来。
He has never been to see me since I have been ill.
我生病以来他从未来看
过我。
(六)现在完成时的肯定句中
瞬间动词
(
buy,die,join, come,go leave,join...
)
不能直接与
for+
时间段 ,
since+
时间点连用。要将其改为延续性动词。
口诀:开始离去,借来还,出生入死,买到家。
+
开关结束
Beg in,leave,go,borrow,come,return,leave,join,die,buy, arrive.
Begin-- be on
go out---be out
borrow-- keep
come/arrive/reach/join ----be in
Return--come back to
leave-- be away
die--be dead
Buy--have
Open--be open
close ---be closed
finish---be over
1.
Have
代替
buy
My brother has had
(不能用
has bought
)
this bike for almost four years.
2.
Keep/have
代替
borrow
I have kept
(不能用
have borrowed
)
the book for quite a few day.
3.
用
be
代替
become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
4.
用
have a cold
代替
catch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.