现在完成时练习题及答
玛丽莲梦兔
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2021年01月25日 01:01
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现在完成时课件-
一、时态讲解：现在完成时
（
1
）构成：现在完成时由助动词
have
+
过去分词构成，助动词
have
有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用
has
，其余用
have. < br>现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上
not
、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以
study
为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：
否定式
I have not (haven’t) studied….
You have not (haven’t) studied….
He has not (hasn’t) studied….
否定疑问式
Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…?
Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…?
Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…?
简单回答（肯定
/
否定）
Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Yes, he has. No, he ha
sn’t.
疑问式
Have I studied…?
Have you studied…?
Has he studied…?
（
2
）用法：
1
） 现在完成时通常表示在
说话之前已经完成的动作
或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该
动作 或状态对现在的
结果或影响
。
My daughter has just gone out.
我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before.
我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived.
她到了。
2
）表示持续到现在的动作或状态， 往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，
如
recently, already, just,
lately, for…, since…,
yet
等。如：
I haven’t heard from her these days.
这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently.
最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years.
他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday.
★注意：
a)
since
和
for
的区别
since
后接时间点，如
1993
，
last term, yesterday, the time I got there
for
后接一段时间， 表示
“
长达多久
”
，如
ten years, a while, two days
等。
Exercise:
用
since
和
for
填空
1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.
3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.
4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country ______1974.
6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.
8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.
2
）表示短暂意义的动词如
arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die
等，在完成时当中不能和