一般过去时和现在完成时
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2021年01月25日 01:14
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一般过去时
1.
在确定的过去的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：
yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1992
，
just now
等
例如：
It snowed heavily last night.
It was very cold yesterday.
2.
表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
3.
句型：
1
）
It is time for sb to do sth. “
到
…..
时间了
”
“该
….
了”
It is time for you to go to bed.
你该睡觉了。
2
）
It is time
（
that
）
sb did sth “
时间已经迟了
”
“早该
….
了”
例如：
It is time you went
to bed.
你早该睡觉了。
4.
结构：主
+
动词过去式
+
其它
否定句：主
+didn’t+
动词原形
+
其它
一般疑问句：
Did+
主
+
动词原形
+
其它？
肯定回答
; Yes,
主
+did.
No,
主
+didn’t.
动词变过去式规则：
规则变化：
1
）大多数情况直接
+ed
work-worked
ask-asked
2)
以
e
结尾的动词只加
d
arrive- arrived
like-liked
3)
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，
双写这个辅音字母，再
加
ed.
shop-shopped
4)
辅音字母
+y
变
y
为
i
加
ed. carry-carried study-studied
不规则变化
;
见表
练习题：
一、写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________
fly_______
plant________
are
________
drink_________
play_______
go________
make
________
does_________
dance________
worry________
ask
_____
taste_________
eat__________
draw________
put
______
throw________
kick_________
pass_______
do
________
二、句型变换
1
There
was
a
car
in
front
of
the
house
just
now.
否定句：
___________________ _______________________________________
一般疑问句：
____________________________________ ______________________
肯定回答：
____ __________________________________________________ ____
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否定回答：
_______________________________________ ___________________
2
They
played
football
in
the
playground.
否定句：
____________ ______________________________________________
一般疑问句：
__________________________ ________________________________
肯定回 答：
____________________________________________ ______________
否定回答：
____________ ______________________________________________
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.
I
______
(watch)
a
cartoon
on
Saturday.
2.
Her
father
_______
(read)
a
newspaper
last
night.
3.
We
_________
to
zoo
yesterday,
we
_____
to
the
park.
(go)
4.
______
you
_______
(visit)
your
relatives
last
Spring
Festival?
5.
______
he
_______
(fly)
a
kite
on
Sunday?
Yes,
he
______.
6.
Gao
Shan
_______
(pull)
up
carrots
last
National
Day
holiday.
7.
I
____________
(sweep)
the
floor
yesterday,
but
my
mother
______.
8.
What
_________
she
_________
(find)
in
the
garden
last
morning?
She
_________
(find)
a
beautiful
butterfly.
9.
It
_________
(be)
Ben's
birthday
last
Friday
10.
10.
We
all
_________
(have)
a
good
time
last
night.
11.
He
_________
(jump)
high
on
last
Sports
Day.
12.
12.
Helen
_________
(milk)
a
cow
on
Friday.
13.
She
likes
_________
newspapers,
but
she
_________
a
book
yesterday.
(read)
14.
He
_______
football
now,
but
they
_______
basketball
just
now.
(play)
15.
Jim's
mother
_________
(plant)
trees
just
now.
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16.
_______
they
________
(sweep)
the
floor
on
Sunday?
No,
they
_________.
17.
I
_______
(watch)
a
cartoon
on
Monday.
18
We
____
(go)
to
school
on
Sunday.
19.
It
____
(be)
the
2nd
of
November
yesterday.
Mr
White
___
(go)
to
his
office
by
car.
20.
Gao
Shan
________
(put)
the
book
on
his
head
a
moment
ago.
21.
Don't
______
the
house.
Mum
_______
it
yesterday.
(clean)
22.
What
_________
you
______
just
now?
I
_______
some
housework.
(do)
23.
They
_________
(make)
a
kite
a
week
ago.
24.
I
want
to
______
apples.
But
my
dad
_______
all
of
them
last
month.
(pick)
25.
_______
he
______
the
flowers
this
morning?
Yes,
he
_____.
(water)
26.
She
____
(be)
a
pretty
girl.
Look,
she
_____
(do)
Chinese
dances.
27.
The
students
often
_________
(draw)
some
pictures
in
the
art
room.
______
Mike
do
on
the
farm?
He
________
cows.
(milk)
四、句型转换
1
、
Lucy
did
her
homework
at
home.
（改否定句）
Lucy
___________
___________
her
homework
at
home.
2
、
He
found
some
meat
in
the
fridge
（冰箱）
.
（变一般疑问句
)
___________
he
__________
___________
meat
in
the
fridge?
3
、
She
stayed
there
for
a
week.
（对划线部分提问）
__________
___________
__________
she
__________
there?
4
、
There
was
some
orange
in
the
cup.
（变一般疑问句
)
_________
there
___________
orange
in
the
cup?
现在完成时
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1.
基本用法
1
）
.
表示过去发生或已经已经完 成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。这一特定的过去时
间除了有上下文提示外，
一般用表示 过去的时间状语来表示，
常和
at that time, at that moment
等，
Have you read the story?
你读过那个故事吗？
（
“读”
这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是
:
是否知道故事的内容）
I have bought two apples.
(“
买
”
这个动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果
)
常用的副词是：
alr eady,just,ever,yet,never(already, just
用于肯定句，ever,yet,never
常用于否定
句和疑问句
)
Haven’t you finished your homework yet
?
2)
表示过去已经开始，
一直持续到现在的动作和状态。
通常和时间状语
; before, recently, once,
twice, for ,since, yet
连用。
I have known Li Lei for three years.
a.
所用的动词通常是延续性动词
. Work stand know walk keep have wait watch read sleep sing
live
b.
如果是非延续动词，即终止性动词
die arrive close become fall leave go lose ,
用延续性动
词来换
若表示动作，状态持续时，用延续动词。
We have studied English for three years.
延续性动词一般不与表示点的时间状语连用
注意：不可以说
It rained at eight yesterday morning.
可以说：
It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.
终止性动词不能与表示一段的时间状语连用。
不可以说
:The old man has died for three years
可以说：
The old man died three years ago.
The old man has been dead for three years.
终止性动词变为延续性动词
Come ----be
borrow----keep
Come to ----- be in/at
open----be open
Go out-----be out
join-----be a number of
Close----be closed
leave ----be away
Begin----be on
die-----be dead
Stop-----be over
catch a cold----have a cold
Buy----have
get to know----know
基本结构
; have/has+
过去分词
3)
记住句型
: