现在完成时和过去完成时语法精讲

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2021年01月25日 01:25
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刘心武简介-

2021年1月25日发(作者:制冷项目)

现在完成时

1.
定义
:过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或者结果。

2.
构成
:主语
+ have/has +
动词的过去分词
+
其它
.

3.
否定句
:主语
+ have/has + not +
动词的过去分词
+
其它
.

4.
疑问句
:
have/has +
主语
+
动词的过去分词
+
其它

5.
用法(四种)



1


表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例句:
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
( 过去的
时间收到一封信,接下来可能会提到信上的内容,说明收到信的这个动作对
现在有影响。


翻译:
我已经通过驾照考试并拿到了驾照了。

I have passed the driving exam and got a driving license.


2


表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,并可能持续下去。

例句:
He has been there for six months.

翻译:
我已经学了六年的英语了。

I have studied English for six years.


3


在时间或者条件状语从句中,表示将要发生的动作。

例句:
Tim will not be so excited if he has been to Australia before.

翻译:

我忙完工作就去图书馆找你。

I will see you in the library as soon as I have finished my work.


4

It has been +
一段时间
+since
从句(从句是用一般过去时)


例句:
It has been six months since Tim went to Australia.

翻译
:玛丽生病到现在已经三天了。

It has been three days since Mary was ill.

练一练:

1

Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .



. knew

. have known

. must know

.will know


2

I_______
a letter from him since he left

(天津市)



A

didn't receive B

haven't got C

didn't have D

haven't heard

3
、—
Where
have
you
_______
these
days



I
have_____
to
Dazhu
with
my
friends



A

been

gone B

been

been C

gone

been D

gone

gone

4

Have you met Mr Li ______





. just

. ago

.before

. a moment ago

5

His father ______ the Party since 1978 .



. joined

. has joined

. was in

. has been in

6

My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .



. have been in

. have been to



. have gone to

. have been


6.
现在完成时的标志


1



already, just

ever

never< br>和
yet
为标志

Already
表示“已经”
。用 在陈述句中,放在
have/has
之后,有时
也放在句末。
Already
也可用语疑问句中,但通常放在句末
,
表示希望
得到肯定的回答或者表示诧 异。
Just
表示“刚刚”
,通常放在
have/has
之后。
e.g. I have
already/jus
t finished my homework.

Have you finished your homework
yet
?

翻译:

她已经找到了她的自行车。
She has
already
found her bike.

她已经找到了她的自行车了?
Has she found her bike
yet
?


Ever, never, yet
常用语否定句或疑问句中。

Ever
用语疑问句中,表示“曾经”
,
放在
have/has
之后。

e.g. Have you ever been to Australia?

翻译:
你唱过这首英文歌吗?
Have you ever sung this English song?

Never
用语否定句中,意为“从不”
,放 在
have/has
后面。

e.g.I have never been to Beijing.

e.g.
I
haven

t
found
my
ruler
yet
.

yet
用于否定句,译为“还”)

刘心武简介-


刘心武简介-


刘心武简介-


刘心武简介-


刘心武简介-


刘心武简介-


刘心武简介-


刘心武简介-