现在进行时与一般过去时用法总结
巡山小妖精
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2021年01月25日 11:11
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我与老师的故事-
时态种类
构成公式
现在
过去
将来
shall/will
加动词
原形
be going to do
shall/will
be+Ving
shall/will have
加过去分词
Shall/will have
加现在分词
过去将来
should/would
加
动词原形
should/would be
doing
加现在分词
should/would
have
加过去分词
should/would
have
加现在分词
除单数第三人称要
加
-s
外,其他均用动
一般时态
词原形(
be
和
have
例
外)
进行时态
完成时态
完成进行
时态
am/is/are+Ving
have/has
加过去分词
have/has been
加现在
分词
动词的过去式
was/were+Ving
had
加过去分词
had been
加现在分
词
清单四、现在进行时
一.基本结构
am /is /are + doing
否定形式:
am /is /are + not + doing.
一般疑问句:
Is /Are …+doing …?
二.基本用法
1
.
表示现在
(
指说话人说话时
)
正在发生的事情。时间状语有:
at
present
(
写作中高级词
汇
)
,
now, at this time, these days, look, listen,
can you see? Can’t you see?
之类的暗示语。例:
We are waiting for you.
2
.习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例:
—
What is Mr. Green doing these days
?
—
Mr. Green is writing another novel. (
说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。
)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
3
.表示渐变的动词有:
get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin
等。例:
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
★易错点:
(
1
)
与
always, constantly, forever
等词连用,
表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态 ,
往往
带有说话人的主观色彩。例:
You are always changing your mind.
(
2
)
现在进行时代替将来时,
适用于这种用法的常见动词有
“善始
(
start doing, begin doing
)
善终(
end, finish
),死(
die
)去(
go
,
leave
)活来(
come
,
arrive
)”
1
)
表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例:
Are you staying with us this weekend?
这周和我们一起度周末吗
?
We are leaving soon.
我们马上就走。
2
)
渐变动词,如:
get, run, grow, become, begin
及
die
。如:
He is dying.
(
3
)不用进行时的动词:
1
)
事实状态的动词:
have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh,
measure, continue
等,例:
I have two brothers.
This house belongs to my sister
2
)
心理状态的动词:
know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize,
remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate
等。例:
I need your help.
He loves her very much.
3
)
瞬间动词如:
accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse
等。例:
I accept your advice.
4
)
系动词如:
seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn
等,例:
You seem a little tired.
【考题链接】
1.
—
What
’
s that terrible noise upstairs?
(
2010.
西城一模)
—
The neighbors ____ a party now.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. are having
2. Don
’
t turn on the radio.
Grandpa ____ now.
(
2010.
丰台一模)
A. sleeps
B. is sleeping
C. has slept
D. slept
3.
—
Where is Mr. Green?
—
He____ Jane with her English in the teacher
s’
office.
(
2010.
宣武一模)
A. has helped
B. is helping
C. helps
D. will help
4. Mr. Green ____ to the manager now. You
’
d better call him later.
(
2009.
北京中考)
A. talk
B. talked
C. is talking
D. was talking
清单三、一般过去时
一.基本结构
①
be
动词:
was/
were …
②
行为动词:动词的过去式
否定形式:
①
was/ were + not
②
didn’t +
动词原形
一般疑问句:
①
was
或
were
放于句首
Was yesterday a wonderful day?
②
Did +…+
动词原形
……?
Did you work out yesterday?
二.基本用法
1
.
在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有:
just now, yesterday, last
week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982
等。例:
Where did you go just now?
2
.表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例:
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
比较:
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid(
残疾人
) all her life. (
含义:她已不在人间。
)
Christine has been an invalid all her life. (
含义:她现在还活着
)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (
含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。
)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (
含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指