现在进行时与一般过去时用法总结
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2021年01月25日 11:11
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我与老师的故事-
时态种类
构成公式
现在
过去
将来
shall/will
加动词
原形
be going to do
shall/will
be+Ving
shall/will have
加过去分词
Shall/will have
加现在分词
过去将来
should/would
加
动词原形
should/would be
doing
加现在分词
should/would
have
加过去分词
should/would
have
加现在分词
除单数第三人称要
加
-s
外，其他均用动
一般时态
词原形（
be
和
have
例
外）
进行时态
完成时态
完成进行
时态
am/is/are+Ving
have/has
加过去分词
have/has been
加现在
分词
动词的过去式
was/were+Ving
had
加过去分词
had been
加现在分
词
清单四、现在进行时
一．基本结构
am /is /are + doing
否定形式：
am /is /are + not + doing.
一般疑问句：
Is /Are …+doing …?
二．基本用法
1
．
表示现在
(
指说话人说话时
)
正在发生的事情。时间状语有：
at
present
(
写作中高级词
汇
)
，
now, at this time, these days, look, listen,
can you see? Can’t you see?
之类的暗示语。例：
We are waiting for you.
2
．习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例：
—
What is Mr. Green doing these days
？
—
Mr. Green is writing another novel. (
说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。
)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
3
．表示渐变的动词有：
get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin
等。例：
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
★易错点：
（
1
）
与
always, constantly, forever
等词连用，
表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态 ，
往往
带有说话人的主观色彩。例：
You are always changing your mind.
（
2
）
现在进行时代替将来时，
适用于这种用法的常见动词有
“善始
（
start doing, begin doing
）
善终（
end, finish
），死（
die
）去（
go
，
leave
）活来（
come
，
arrive
）”
1
）
表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例：
Are you staying with us this weekend?
这周和我们一起度周末吗
?
We are leaving soon.
我们马上就走。
2
）
渐变动词，如：
get, run, grow, become, begin
及
die
。如：
He is dying.
（
3
）不用进行时的动词：
1
）
事实状态的动词：
have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh,
measure, continue
等，例：
I have two brothers.
This house belongs to my sister
2
）
心理状态的动词：
know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize,
remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate
等。例：
I need your help.
He loves her very much.
3
）
瞬间动词如：
accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse
等。例：
I accept your advice.
4
）
系动词如：
seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn
等，例：
You seem a little tired.
【考题链接】
1.
—
What
’
s that terrible noise upstairs?
（
2010.
西城一模）
—
The neighbors ____ a party now.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. are having
2. Don
’
t turn on the radio.
Grandpa ____ now.
（
2010.
丰台一模）
A. sleeps
B. is sleeping
C. has slept
D. slept
3.
—
Where is Mr. Green?
—
He____ Jane with her English in the teacher
s’
office.
（
2010.
宣武一模）
A. has helped
B. is helping
C. helps
D. will help
4. Mr. Green ____ to the manager now. You
’
d better call him later.
（
2009.
北京中考）
A. talk
B. talked
C. is talking
D. was talking
清单三、一般过去时
一．基本结构
①
be
动词：
was/
were …
②
行为动词：动词的过去式
否定形式：
①
was/ were + not
②
didn’t +
动词原形
一般疑问句：
①
was
或
were
放于句首
Was yesterday a wonderful day?
②
Did +…+
动词原形
……?
Did you work out yesterday?
二．基本用法
1
．
在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：
just now, yesterday, last
week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982
等。例：
Where did you go just now?
2
．表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
比较：
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid(
残疾人
) all her life. (
含义：她已不在人间。
)
Christine has been an invalid all her life. (
含义：她现在还活着
)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (
含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。
)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (
含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指