一般过去时,过去进行时和过去完成时.
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2021年01月25日 11:33
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读书伴我成长演讲稿-
一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时
语法专题突破
品味语法
1
.
I got up early
,
washed my face
,
had a quick breakfast and hurried to school.
2
.
He was watching TV at home from 3
∶
00 to 5
∶
00 yesterday afternoon.
3
.
He had just finished sweeping the classroom when the teacher returned from the office
自我探究
这三句都使用了过去的时态。第
1
句是一般过去时,表示
“
发生在过 去的
”
动作;第
2
句是
过去进行时,表示
“
在过去 某一时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作
”
;第
3
句是过去完成时,
表示 在
“
过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作
”
。
讲解归纳
一、一般过去时
1
.表示在确定的过去时间内发生的动作或状态。
Did you watch the football match broadcast on TV yesterday evening
?你昨晚观看电视转播
的足球赛了吗?
2
.表示过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作。
I always got up too late
,
and never had enough time for breakfast.
我总是起床很晚,从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。
【温馨提示】
这种情况也可用
used to
和
would
表示。
3
.描述几个相继发生的过去动作。
The students got up early in the morning
,
did morning exercises and then read English aloud
in the open air.
学生们起床很早,做早操,然后在室外朗读英语。
4
.有时动词的一般过去时形式上为过去,而实际上却指现在,即
“
原来想的
”
与现在的实际
情况不相符。
I thought you were out.
我原以为你出去了。
I didn’t know you were here.
我不知道你在这里。
5
.
since
从句一般用过去时。
She has been living a hard life since her husband died.
自从丈夫死后,她一直过着艰苦的生活。
二、过去进行时
1
.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
This time yesterday we were having an English lesson.
昨天这个时候,我们正在上英语课。
2
.表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。
Shirley was reading a book last night but I don’t know whether she has finished it.
雪莉昨晚一直在看一本书,不过我不知道她现在看没看完。
3
.表示从过去某一时间的角度看将要发生的动作,仅用于
come
,
go
,
start
,
leave
,
stay< br>,
arrive
等动词。
He told me he was leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
他告诉我他明天将要去上海。
4
.
表示礼貌,
并不表示过 去的时间,
而表达现在的客气或礼貌。
I was wondering if you could
help me look up the word “erg”
.不知你能否帮我查一下
“erg”
这个单词。
三、过去完成时
1
.表示在过去某一具体时间或动作之前已经完成的动作,常用
by
,
before
等介词短语或
状语从句表示。
I had learned maths all by myself by the age of fourteen.
我
14
岁时就已自学完了数学。
2
.
表示过去某一时间以前的经历,
常与
for
,
since
引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。
John
and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage.
约翰和简在结婚前就认识很长时间了。
四、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别
一般过去时侧重说明发生某动作的事实,表示动作已完成;过去进行时侧重强调某动作
的持续过程或动作持续的长度,表示动作未完成。
I sometimes walked to the office to avoid the heavy traffic.
为避开交通拥堵,
我过去有时步行
去上班。
He was working from 4 o’clock until supper time.
他从
4
点一直工作到晚饭时间。
语法专练
Ⅰ
.
用动词的适当时态填空
1
.
—
Your phone number again
?
I____________(not catch)it.
—It’s 69568122.
2
.
The
students
____________(write)
busily
when
Miss
Brown
went
to
get
a
book
she
____________(leave)
in
the
office.3
.
As
she
____________
(read)
the
newspaper
,
Granny
____________
(fall)
asleep.4
.
He
kept
looking
at
her
,
wondering
whether
he____________(see)her somewhere
5
.
—
Professor Liu in our school has become one of the top experts in this field.
—
Yes
,
I know him very once ____________(work) in Africa with wild animals.
6
.
—
How did you damage your car so badly?
—
I ____________(run) into a tree yesterday.
—
I suppose you ____________(drive) too fast.
答案:
’t catch
writing
;
had left
reading
;
fell
seen
;
were driving
Ⅱ
.
单项填空
1
.
—
You speak very good French!
—
Thanks.I ________French in Sichuan University for four years.
A
.
studied
B
.
study
C
.
was studying
D
.
had studied
解析:选
A
。考 查时态。句中我在四川大学学过
4
年法语是指过去发生过的事情,所以谓
语动词用过去 式,
该题由于有
for four years
造成一部分学生作出错误的选择,
而选择
D
项
2
.
Edward
,
you play so I ________you played the piano.
A
.
didn’t know
B
.
hadn’t known
C
.
don’t kn
ow
D
.
haven’t known
解析:选
A
。 句意为:爱德华,你弹得好。但我
(
以前
)
不知道你弹钢琴。所谈论的是过去 的
行为,故用过去式。
3
.
We got to the station at 8
∶
00
,
but the train________at 7
∶
30.
A
.
left
B
.
had left