立刻说：怎么拆分定语从句
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2021年01月27日 23:22
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在线英语培训立刻说英语：
怎样拆分定语从句
要彻底理解定语从句，
一定要运用
“拆分”的思想，
把主句
+
很长的定语从句拆分开来。
I am looking for a man who is rich, cute and well- educated.
我在寻找一个有钱，帅，而且很有教养的男生。
首先把这个定语从句拆分：
1. I am looking for a man.
2. The man is rich, cute and well- educated.
接下来组合：
I am looking for (a man the man) is rich, cute and well-educated.
括号内
a man
和
the man
信息重复了，
位于前面 的词称之为先行词，
后面一词我们可
以把它叫做
“后行词”
。
既然信 息重复，
为什么不能干脆删掉后行词？如果直接删掉后行词，
会导致一个句子有两套主谓，关系 会变得混乱，例如：
I am looking for a man is rich, cute and well-educated.
如果直接保留后行词，会造成重复，为了避免重复 （众所周知，英文最讨厌重复），我
们将后行词进行转变，在上例中
the man
变 为
who
，经过转变之后，后行词除了具备原来
的词义之外，还增加了连词的作用。< br>
一、
Who/whom
后行词是人，就用
who/th at
来替代。但是如果后行词是宾格，即
him
，
them
，
her
，
可以用
whom
进行替代，也可以直接用
who
。
在线英语培训立刻说英语：
He is the boy who/whom I will go to shanghai with.
拆分：
1. He is the boy.
2. I will go to shanghai with him.
这两句的关联部分就是
the
bo y
和
him
，也就是所谓的先行词和后行词。为了衔接连
贯，后行词需要前置 ，句
2
就变成：
Him I will go to shanghai with.
然后再将
him
替换为
who
或者
whom：
He is the boy who/whom I will go to shanghai with.
有的时候，
介词和后行词的关系十分密切，
如果只前 置后行词，
它们的修饰关系就不明
显，所以通常是将后行词和介词一起前置：
With him I will go to shanghai.
这个时候就只
能使用
who m
替换
him
，把句子变成：
He is the boy with whom I will go to shanghai.
而不能写成这种形式：
He is the boy with who I will go to shanghai
二、
Which/that
后行词是表事物的名词，就用
which
或者
that
替换。
The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
拆分：
1. The book is written by Tomas Hardy.
2. I am reading the book.
连接：
在线英语培训立刻说英语：
The book
（
the book
）
I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
后行词是表事物的名词
the book
，所以用
which
或者
that
带替换。
三、
Whose
后行词是
his
，
h er
，
its
，
their
，
your one 's
等等表示所属关系的词，用
whose
代替。
例
1
：
He is the man whose car was stolen.
拆分：
1. He is the man
2. His car was stolen.
组合：
He is the man (his) car was stolen.
后行词是
his
，所以
whose
代词
例
2
：
You are the only one whose advice he might listen to.
拆分：
1. You are the only one.
2. Your advice he might listen to.
You are the only one (Your) advice he might listen to.
后行词是
your
，所以用
whose
代替。
四、
Where
在线英语培训立刻说英语：
后行词如果是地点状语（通常是介词
+
表地点名词），就用
where
替换。
This is the house where I was born.
拆分：
1. This is the house.
2. In this house I was born.
This is the house (in this house) I was born.
后行词是地点状语
in the house
，介词
+
表地点名词，所以用
where
替换。
知道这点以后，我们高中时候纠结的先行词如果是
the
place
，后面 该用
which/that
还是
where
；先行词如果是
time
，后面该用
which/that
还是
when
的问题就迎刃而解了 。
因为答案藏在后行词之上。
对比：
This is the house that belongs to my brother.
拆分：
1. This is the house
2. This house belongs to my brother.
This is the house (this house) belongs to my brother.
后行词是
this house
，前面没有介词，是表事物的名词，当然用
w hich
或者
that
。
五、
When 如果后行词是时间状语（通常是介词
+
表时间名词），就用
when
替换 。
He came at a time when we needed help.
拆分：
在线英语培训立刻说英语：
1. He came at a time.
2. At that time we needed help.
He came at a time (at that time) we need help.
后行词是时间状语
at that time
，所以用
when
替换。
对比：
He came at a time which was just perfect.
拆分：
1. He came at a time.
2. The time was just perfect.
He came at a time (the time) was just perfect
后行词是
the time
，
前面没有介词，
是表
（抽象）
事物的名词，
当然用
which
或者
that。
六、
Why
如果后行词是原因状语
for this/that reason
，就用
why
替换。
I knew the reason why he was late.
拆分：
1. I knew the reason.
2. For this reason he was late
I knew the reason (for this reason) he was late.
后行词是原因状语
for this reason
，所以用
why
替换。
对比：
The reason that he explained at the meeting was not acceptable.
在线英语培训立刻说英语：
拆分：
1. The reason was not acceptable
2. He explained the reason at the meeting.
The reason (the reason) he explained at the meeting was not acceptable.
后行词是
the reason
，前面没有介词，是表（抽象）事物的名词，当然用
which
或者
that
。
七、
Where
可以替代抽象的地点状语、
when
可以代替抽象的时间状语，引导定语从
句
English
is
a
“
fixed-word-order
”
language
where
each
phrase
has
a
fixed
position.
英语是一种“词序”固定的语言，其中的每个短语位置都有固定的位置。
拆分以后：
English is a
“
fixed- word-order
”
language.
In this language each phrase has a fixed position.
后行词是
In
this
language
“在这种语言中”，可 以理解为抽象的地点状语，所以用
where
替代。
Life isn't some musical cartoon where you sing a little song, and your insipid
dreams magically come true!
人生可不是什么卡通音乐剧，只要唱支小曲，你那无聊的梦想就会奇迹般实现。
拆分以后：
Life isn't some musical cartoon.
在线英语培训立刻说英语：
In that cartoon you sing a little song, and your insipid dreams magically come
true!
后行词是
In that cartoon
“在那种卡通音乐剧中”，可以理解为抽象的地点状语，所
以用< br>where
替代。
抽象的时间状语较为少见，例如：
There are occasions when one must yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
拆分以后：
There are occasions
One must yield on those occasions.
后行词是
on that occasions
“在某些特定情况下”，可以理解为抽 象的时间状语，所
以用
when
替代。
如果你能够把这些全部掌握，你的定语从句水平应该非常厉害了。