最新外研版高一英语必修二资源知识点总结大全

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2021年2月23日发(作者:口腹之欲电影)


高中英语必修


2


(外研版)

Unit 1 Our Body


and Healthy Habits


知识点总结



一、重点词汇




词义辨析:


injure/hurt/wound/cut





四者 都可以指



伤害、伤痛







意义



injure



指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。



hurt



既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上的伤害。



wound



指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等 皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的


伤,特指战场上的受伤。



cut



无意中造成的轻伤。





Drinking can injure one's health.



喝酒对人的健康有害。




I'm sorry I hurt you; I didn't mean to.



对不起,我弄伤了你;我不是故意的。



The robber wounded him with a knife.



那个强盗用刀刺伤了他。




How did you get that cut on your hand?



你手上的伤口是怎么弄的?





词义辨析:


normal/comm on/general/ordinary





这四个词都有


< br>普通的




< br>常见的



意思。其区别是:



normal



强调人或物“符合常态或常规”。



common



强调许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”。



general



侧重“普遍”之意,普遍于大多数人或事物中。



ordinary



与一般事物的性 质标准相同,强调“平常”而无奇


特之处。





It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip.



长途旅行后感到累是很正常的。




His name was Hansen, a common name in Norway.




他的名字叫汉森,在挪威是一个常见的名字。




As a general rule, prices follow demands.



一般而言,物价随需求而变化。




Now electrical appliances have entered into ordinary families.



现在,家用电器已经步入普通家庭。




diet n.


饮食;节食






1. a healthy/balanced diet


:健康的


/


均衡的饮食




2. go/be on a diet


:用规定食谱;节食




You don't have to go on a diet to lose weight.



你不需要靠节食来减肥。




anxious adj.


焦虑的;渴望的






1. be anxious about sth.


:为



担心,忧 虑




2. be anxious for sth.


:渴望





3. be anxious to do sth.


:急于,渴望做某事



I am anxious about the parcel because it hasn't arrived.





我对这包裹很担心,因为它还没到。



The whole country was anxious for peace.



全国上下都渴望和平。



She was anxious to finish school and get a job.



她渴望毕业找一份工作。




be crazy about


:迷恋






He's still crazy about both his work and his hobbies.




他对工作和个人爱好依然保持狂热。




begin with


:以



开始






The teacher began his class with a question.



老师以一个问题开始他的讲课。




be/get injured


:受伤






He got injured through his own carelessness.



他由于粗心受伤了。




breathe in/out


: 吸入


/


呼出






In large cities people breathe in dangerous gases from cars


and chimneys.



在大城市人们呼吸时吸入汽车和烟囱排出的有害气体。




一词多义:


fit adj. < /p>


健康的,


强壮的;


合适的



v.


适合,


适应

< p>





Mr. Smith needs more exercises to keep fit.



keep fit


:保持健


康)




史密斯先生需要更多的锻炼以保持身体健康。




He's been ill and isn't fit for work yet.



be fit fo r


:适合






他一直在生病,尚不能工作。



This new jacket fits her well.



这件夹克很合她的身。





一词多义:


head n.


头部;


头脑



v.




前 进;


前往






The ship came about and


headed


for the shore.



轮船调转般向朝海岸驶去。




拓展:




英语中有些名词可转化为动词,如:



eye


n.


眼睛



v.


(用眼睛看)注视;端详




face


n.




v.


面对



picture n.


照片,影片



v.


画;拍照



dress


n.


礼服



v.


打扮,穿衣





阅读必备词汇






rare


adj.


稀少的;罕有的




rarely


adv.


罕有地




wealthy


adj.


富裕的




overweight


adj.


太胖的;超重的




symptom


n.


症状




insurance


n.


保险



questionnaire


n.


问卷调查




awful



adj.


糟糕的;可怕的;充满敬畏的




become ill


生病




have a temperature


发烧




put…into…



< p>
投入


/


放入


< p>


take exercise


锻炼



lie down


躺下



二、重点句型




So as you can see from what I’ve said, I’m a


normal kind of person.





解析



本句的主干是


“I’m a normal kind of person”



“as you can


see from what


I’ve s aid”


是由


as


引导的一个定语



从句;


what


引导的是


from


的宾语从句。




翻译


:因此,正如你能从我所说的 看到的一样,我只是一个普


通人。




拓展



as


引 导的定语从句在写作中应用相当广泛,常见的结构


有:


“as is known to all…”; “as we all know…”


意思都





众所周知


…”





Because of this, I make sure that I have a good


diet, and as I’ve said,this isn’t a




problem because my mother feeds us so well.





解析


:本句的主干是


“I make sure that …and this isn’t a


problem”


,由


and


连接一个并列句。



“that I have a good



diet”



make sure


的宾语从句,


“Because of this”< /p>


是一个介词结


构,表示原因;



“as I’ve said”


是一个定语从句,修




“this isn't a problem”

< p>


because


引导的是一个原因状语从句。< /p>




翻译


:因 此,我得确保合理膳食;而且正如我前面所说,合理


膳食并不是一个问题,因为我母亲把 我们照顾得很



好。




Britain was the first country in the world to have


a free health care system paid for



the by the government.




解析


:本句的主干是


“Britain was the first country in the


world…”



“to have a free health care system”


是动词不定



式结构作 定语,修饰前面的


country



“ paid for the by the


government”

< br>是过去分词结构作定语,修饰前面的



system





翻译


:英国是世界上第一个拥有免 费医疗系统的国家,整个医


疗体系都是由政府资助的。




拓展


:非谓语作定语在写作中应用 相当广泛,有时简单的定语


从句可以考虑使用非谓语来代替,这样




可以使语言简练地道,例如:



The boy whose name is Tom is popular with his classmates.



The boy


named Tom


is popular with his classmates.



They see doctors who work for themselves and


pay the doctors through the health




insurance company.





解析


:本句的主干是


“They see doctors and pay the doctors”



who


引导的是一个定语从句,修饰前面的


doct ors




through

< p>
引导的是一个介词结构,表示方式。




翻译



他们看自己的专属医生,


并通过医疗保险公司进行支付。



三、重点语法



< br>词的转化


---


名词用作动词






含义:




词的转化(


conversion


)是英语构词法中的主要方法 之一。它


指的是一个词不改变词形,而由一种词类




转化成另一种或几种词类。


本模块 学习


名词转化为动词


的用法。


名词转化 为动词是现代英语中很普遍的




现 象,同时也是转化构词中最活跃的一种。人们经常把名词不


加任何改变就当作动词使用。




用法:




很多表示物件(如下


1

< p>
)、身体部位(如下


2


)、某类人(如

< p>


3


)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作,某些抽象 名



词(如下


4


)也可作动词。例如:



1. Did you


book


a seat on the plane?



你订好飞机座位了吗


?



2. We set sail at dawn and


headed


for New York.



我们在黎明起程,直驶纽约。




3. She


nursed


her husband back to health.



她看护丈夫,使他恢复了健康。




4. We


lunched


together.



我们在一起吃了午餐。




体会更多


名词用作动词


的例子,看你能准确地理 解名词动词化


后的词意吗?




1. He's always


bossing


his wife about.



2. The escaped prisoner was


cornered


at last.



3. Stop


mothering



her, she’s 30 years old and can take care


of herself perfectly well.



4. People were


streaming


out of the station.



5. I did not like the way he


eyed


me.


6. Mr. Smith


noons


for half an hour every day.



7. He doesn't have all ideas of his own. He just


parrots


what


other people say.



答案揭晓:




1. boss around


颐指气使;把



呼来唤去




2. corner




逼入困境




3. mother


像母亲一般地照料




4. stream


涌出;川流不息;蜂拥




5. eye


看;定睛地看



6. noon


午休




7. parrot


学舌;盲目重复或模仿




除了名词转化为动词外,还有副词,连词等转化为动词,动词


转化为名词 ,形容词副词等转化




为名词。如:




We


downed


our coffee and left.



我们喝完咖啡就离开了。



down


常为副词,意为



向下




这里


作动词,意为



喝下






The old


in our village are living a happy life.



我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。



old


常作形容词,


这里作名


词,


the old


意为

< br>“


老人





Let's go out for a


walk


.


我们到外面去散散步吧。(


walk


常作动词,这里用作名 词,意




散步






We will try our best to


better


our living conditions.



我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况 。



better


常作形容词,


这里作


动词,意为



改善






will



be going to





本单 元学习


will



be going to


表示



将要







will


be goin


表将要



临时决定



提前计划,安


表示推测,揣


依据直觉、经验或知识


依据观察到的< /p>









表示



将要





1. ---


“Kate is in hospital.”





---


“Oh, really, I


didn't know. I


will


go and see her at once.”



临时决定


去看


Kate


)。




2. ---


“Kate is in hospital.”





---


“Yes, I


know. I


am going to


see her this aft ernoon.”




前已打算好


去看


Kate





拓展:




1.


推测,揣想:




I think it will be rainy tomorrow.



我认为明天有雨。




Look at the clouds; it’s going to rain.




看看这些云,又要下雨了。




2.




主 将从现



中,


一般用

< br>will



而不用


be going to



例如:




I won’t go if he


doesn't come.



他不来,我就不去。



高中英语必修< /p>


2


(外研版)


Unit 3 Music


知识点总结



一、重点词汇




lose v.


丧失,失去






1. be lost in sth.


:全神贯注于





2. get lost/lose one’s way


:迷路




He was so lost in reading that he missed the train for work.



他看书太入神了,误了上班的火车。




They got lost because they went in the wrong direction.



他们走错了方向,所以迷了路。




mix v.


混合,搅拌






1. mix (sth.) with sth.


:把


...



...


混合




2. mix up


:混淆,弄乱




The powder is mixed with cold water is to form a paste.



用冷水把粉末搅拌成糊状。




I must have got the times mixed up.



我肯定是把时间弄混了。




拓展





mixture


混合物,混杂体




be impressed with sth


:对

< p>


留下深刻印象






You'll be impressed with the brightness and the beauty of the


colors.



色彩的明艳美丽会让你大饱眼福。




拓展





1. impression


n.


印象




leave/give/make an impression on sb.


给某人留下印象




2. impressive


adj.


令人印象深刻的




split up


:解散;决裂;离婚






Did you know that John and Mary have split up?



约翰和玛丽已经分手了,你知道吗?




After the meeting we split up and went home.



散会以后,我们就分开回家了。




make a note of


:记录(


=take a note of







Make a note of the reference number shown on the form.



把表格上的编码记下来。




have an influence on


:对

< p>


有影响






Both society and family have an influence on the children’s


development.



社会和家庭都会影响孩子的发展。





阅读必备词汇






audience n.


听众



genius n.


天才




symphony n.


交响乐;交响曲;交响乐团




compose vt.


作曲;创作




catchy adj.


动人的




complex adj.


复杂的




record vt.


录音



二、重点句型




After studying music in Vienna, Haydn went to


work at the court of a prince in eastern



Austria, where he became director of music.





解析


:本句的主干是


“Haydn went to work at the court of a


prince in eastern Austria”



after


引导部分是一个介词



结构,


表示时间;


where


引导的是一个定语从句,


修饰前面的


court



翻译


:在维也纳学习音乐之后,海顿去奥地利东部一个 王子的


宫廷工作,在那里他成了音乐指挥家。




拓展



w here


引导的非限制性定语从句在写作中应用非常广泛,


例如 :




Last week, we went to the park near our school. We had a


good time there.



Last week, we went to the park near our school, where we


had a good time.



Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved


to London, where he was very



successful.





解析


:本句的主干是


“Haydn moved to London”



“Having


worked there for 30 years”


是一个现在分词结构作时间状



语;


“where he was very success ful”


是由


where


引导的定语从 句,


修饰前面的


London





翻译


:在那里 工作了


30


年后,海顿移居伦敦。在伦敦他非常的


成功。




拓展



“having done”< /p>


这一结构在写作中应用非常广泛,适当使


用不但可以体现语言的多 样性,更能使句子显得简



单地道,例如:




After we got everything ready we began to head for the park.



Having got everything ready, we began to head for the park.



He showed musical talent when he was very


young, and learned to play the violin and



piano from his father, who was a singer.





解析


:本句的主干是


“He showed musical talent and learned to


play the violin and piano from his father”



“when



he


was very young”

是一个由


when


引导的时间状语从句;

< br>“who


was a singer”


是由

< p>
who


引导的定语从句,修饰前面的



father





翻译


:他在很小的时候就表现出了 音乐天赋


,


并从他的父亲那学


会了拉小 提琴和钢琴。他父亲是一个歌手。




However, it was Haydn who encouraged


Beethoven to move to Vienna.





解析


:本句是一个强调句,结构是


it was+ Haydn +who+


encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna


,原句是:



Haydn encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.



翻译


:然而,鼓 励贝多芬去维也纳的人正是海顿。




拓展



强调句型的基本结构是:


It is/was +


被强调部分


+that+

< br>其


它部分


(


如果强调的是人,其 中的


that


还可以换成


< p>
who)



如何区分强调句型其实很简单,


只要把


It is/was +that/who

去掉,如果剩余部分通过调整语序组成一个完整



的句子,那该句子就是强调句,否则就不是。



三、重点语法



< br>状语从句:时间状语从句(


when/while/as





when, while, as


都可作







解。




若主句表示短暂性动作,从句表示持续性动作,三者都可用。




He


fell asleep



when/while/as


he was reading.



他看书时睡着了。





实际考查时,一般考查三者的区别:




1. when


一般表示时间点;


wh ile


表示时间段。例如:




When we arrived in Beijing, it was raining. (arrive


不是延续性


动词


)




我们到达北京时,天正在下雨。




Please do not trouble me while I am writing my homework.


(write


是延续性动词


)



我写作业时请不要打扰我。




2. when


表示

< p>


这时


(


突然

< p>
)




while


表示








”(

< p>
表示对比


)



We were about to start


when


it began to rain.



我们正要出发,天突然开始下雨了。




He likes coffee,


while


she likes tea.



他喜欢咖啡,而她却喜欢茶。




3. as


表示

< br>“


随着;一边



,一边


…”





As


children get older, they become more and more interested


in everything.



随着孩子日渐长大,他们对一切变得越来越感兴趣。




过去完成时






1.


概念




表 示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即



过 去的过去






2.


构成



had+


过去分词




3.


用法




1< /p>


)发生在过去以前的动作,已结束,对过去造成影响。它不


能离开 过去时间而独立存在,多与



already




yet




just




before




never


等时间副词及



by, before, when


等引导

的短语或从句连用。如:




When we


got


to the cinema, the film


had already begun


.



当我们到达电影院时,电影已经开始了。



2


)发生在过去以前的动作或状态,一直延续到过去的这 一时


间,而且还可能继续下去,常和


for, since


构成的短语



或引导的从句连用。




By the time I


left


the school, he


had taught


the class for 3


years.



到我毕业时,他已经教那个班三年了。




拓展:




1


)用在




句型中,


that

从句


要用过去完成时。




This was the first time


that they had met in thirty years.




这是三十年里他们第一次见面。




2


)动词


h ope, wish, expect, think, intend, suppose

等用过去


完成时表示本来打算做而没有做的事,含有某



种惋惜。




We


had hoped


that you would come, but you didn't.



我们本来希望你能力,但是你没有。



高中英语必修


2


(外研版)


Unit 2 No drugs


知识点总结



一、重点词汇





词义辨析:


likely/poss ible/probable





三者都可以表示



可能的




possible


可能 性最小,


probable



能性最大 ,但用法不同。




主语



用法



likely



< br>/



/it



sb. be likely to do sth.



It is likely + that


从句



possible



it



It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.



It is possible +that


从句



probable



it



It is probable +that


从句




因 此,



我们学英语时可能会犯错



可以表述为:




We are likely to make mistakes when learning English.



=It is likely/possible/probable that we make mistakes when


learning English.



=It is possible for us to make mistakes when learning


English.




词义辨析:


affect/effect/influence





这些 动词均含



影响


之意,但在词性和意义上有差别。





词性



意义



affect



vt.



主要指一时的影响。



effect



n.


(可数或不可


affect


的名词形式,


have an


数)



effect on

< p>
意为:对



有影响。



influence



vt.& n .


(通常不


主要指对行为、性格、观点等


可数,但有时可


产生间接的或潜移默化的影


连用不定冠词)< /p>



响,


have an influence on


意为:




有影响。




Both diet and exercise affect blood pressure.



饮食和运动都对血压有影响。




What you read has an influence on your thinking.



你读的东西对你的思想有影响。





词义辨析:



in order to/so as to/in order that/so


that





都有



为 了



的意思,但其用法和位置有不同。




用法



位置



in order that



引导目的状语从句



句首


/


句中



so that



引导目的状语从句


/


结果状语从句



句中



so as to



与词


/


短语一起做目的状语



句中



in order to



句首


/


句中




因此,



为了实现梦想,他努力学习



可以表述为:



In order to realize his dream, he works very hard.



=He works very hard in order to/so as to realize his dream.



=He works hard in order that he can realize his dream.



=He worked hard so that he got a good grade.



reduce v.


缩小,减少






1. reduce to…


:减少到




2. reduce by…


:减少了(减少的幅度)




The new bridge should reduce travelling time from 50 minutes


to 15 minutes.



这座新桥应该能将形成从五十分钟减少到十五分钟。




The workforce has been reduced by half.



职工人数已减少一半。




拓展





1. decrease to/decrease by


: 减少到


…/


减少了


< br>



2. increase to/increase by





增加到


…/


增加了




be addicted to sth./doing sth.


:对


...


上瘾






We think he will not be addicted to computer games any


longer.



我们认为他不在会沉溺于电脑游戏。




break into


:破门而入






What will you do if you find your house broken into?



如果发现有人闯入你的房子,你会怎么办


?



take one’s advice


:听从某人的建议






I decided to take your advice that I should spend more time


staying with my parents.



我听从了你的建议要多陪父母。




ban sb. from doing sth.


:禁止某人做某事






Charlie has been banned from driving for half a year.



查理被禁驾半年。




阅读必备词汇






drug


n.


毒品,药品



cancer


n.


癌症




criminal


n.


罪犯



illegal


adj.


违法的;不合法的




treatment


n.


治疗;招待;对待



horrible


adj.


令人不快的;及


其讨厌的



recognize/recognise


vt.


认出;承认




distraction


n.


分心;分散注意力



二、重点句型




Users who inject the drug are also in more


danger if they share needles with other



users.





解析


:本句的主干是


“Users are also in more danger”



who



导的是一个定语从句,修饰前面的


u sers



if


引导的是



一个条件状语从句。




翻译


:如果吸毒的人和其他人共用针头的话,他们将会陷入更< /p>


大的危险。




Participants learn to recognize smoking triggers


(things that start them smoking)



and they try to set a date in the future when they


will stop smoking.





解析


:本句的主干是


“Partici pants learn to recognize smoking


triggers and they try to set a date in the future”


,主



干是由


and


连接的并列句;


括号部分是对前 面的


triggers


的解释,


其中< /p>


that


引导的是一个定语从句,修饰


t hings



when


引导的是一个 定语从句,修饰前面的


date





翻译



参 与者学着识别吸烟触发因子


(


诱使人们开始吸烟的东西


)



而且他们尽力设定一个在未来戒烟的日期。




Make a list of friends who smoke and places


where you smoke.





解析


:本句的主干是


“Make a list of friends and places”


,是一

个祈使句;


who



where< /p>


引导的都是定语从句,分别



修饰


friends



places





< br>翻译


:将你吸烟的朋友以及你吸烟的地方列成一个清单。




Choose a time when you will be relaxed but also


too busy to think about smoking.





解析



本 句的主干是


“Choose a time”



是一个祈使句;


“when you


will be relaxed but also too busy to think


about smoking”


是由


w hen


引导的定语从句,修饰前面的


time

< br>;


该从句中


“relaxed”



“too busy to think about




smoking”


是并列的,由


but also


连接,其中包含常见句型


“too…to…”





翻译


:选择一个你感觉很放松但又非常忙以至于不会想着吸烟


的时间。



三、重点语法




非谓语动词:不定式作目的状语






看下面两题,了解相关考点:




1. Simon made a big bamboo box




the little sick bird till it


could fly.



A. keep



B. kept



C. keeping



D. to keep



2. We got up early this time




be late for the train again.



A. in order to



B. in order to not



C. so as to



D. so as not


to



解析:




1. D.


考查非谓语动词。句意为


“Simon


做了一个大竹箱,目的


是为了放那只生病的小鸟


< p>
,所以选


D





2. D.


考查不定式短语


in order to



so as to


< p>
以及


not


的位置。


根据 句意应该是否定形式,


not


要放在


t o


的前面,所




B


不正确。




该考点下,同学们需要牢记:



1.


不定式常用作目的状语,表示动作尚未发生,意为< /p>



为了




例如:




To learn English well


, you need time and patience.



要想把英语学好,你需要时间和耐心。




He raised his voice


to be heard



by all the students.




为了被所有的学生听到,他提高了声音。




注意


:其位置可以是句首,也可以 是句末。





2.


还可用



in order to/ so as to


表示目的,< /p>


意为



以便;


为 了




例如:



He got up very early


in order to/so as to


catch the first bus.



In order not to


miss the first bus, he got up very early.


注意:


句首时不能用


so as to





不定式作宾语






一些词后只能跟


to do


作宾语。例如


:



The driver


failed to see


the other car in time.



He


decided to buy


a new car.



这种搭配 的常见动词有:


afford



nee d



agree


ask



decide



choose



hope



offer



plan

< p>


hate



refus e


等。




拓展:




1.“


疑问词


+to do”


作宾语:




I don’t know



where to go this weekend


.



2. it


作形式宾语:




I feel


it


my duty


to help them.



it


作形式宾语,真正的宾语



to help them





注意:


这种用法常用于句型:


“find/f eel/think+it+adj./n.+to do


sth.”




状语从句:结果状语从句






本模块主要学习


so/such...that


引导的结果状语:




通过下面三道题,看相关考点:




1. The teacher taught us in such a lovely way ______ we


would never forget what he taught us.



A. as



B. that



C. so that



D. which



2. --- Did you catch what the teacher said?



--- No. She spoke so fast ______ I couldn't hear her very


clearly.



A. which



B. that



C. when



D. Since


3. There are ______ few problems left ______ I believe you


can deal with them yourself.



A. such; that




B. so; that



C. such; as




D. so; as




解析:




1. B.


考查结果状语从句,


such + (a/an) + adj. +


可数名词(复


数)


/


不可数名词


+ that


。句意:这位老师的教学方



式如此生动,以至于我们永远都忘不了他教授的内容。


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