初中电学测试题
-
Pushing a
head, Ea
st,
North, We
st devel
opment,
facilitating shant
y, complete
xinche
ng West Roa
d,
stability and re
construction of the
street
, Star Ding garde
n
built ce
ntury Gar
den
District,
subject
public
housing
construction, heati
ng the
gas expa
nsi
on
a
cce
lerated
impleme
ntation, Jing Rui River and
bridge
style line
soli
d shaft, further
expanded t
he tow
n
devel
opme
nt. Beautiful
country adhere to t
he
adva
nce a
nd
ty
pical for a group t
o lead.
According t
o
ogical lay
base
d,
and industry i
ncreased
income
, and l
ive
upgra
de civi
lization, and
culture ri
ch
connotati
on
caug
ht
built beautiful vill
age, and whole
village a
dvance, a
nd easily
relocation, and
built
ct near
30 a; depth i
nto
e
col
ogical, a
nd
i
ndustry, a
nd
cult
ure, and tourism,
eleme
nts, hig
h standards
ca
ught party origi
nal city
Liu, a
nd ja
de are
Xia AO, m
odel
vill
age, in
province City
set has benchmark. F
our is
e
qual be
nefits to
pr
omote sharing,
coordinate
d
devel
opme
nt of various
social
undertakings. In t
he
ca
se of rigid
spe
ndi
ng slowi
ng
revenue growth, increas
e, financial 75%
t
o the
people's
livel
ihood, the masses have
m
ore access i
n the
shari
ng. Cuoban
somethi
ng good and
benefit.
A
dhere to t
he
affordabl
e, best
, carefully
cuoban v
illage oil
, water
and
heat, cultural,
city and
County colum
ns pra
ctical,
developments
benefit
families, bring more w
elfare to the
masse
s.
Devel
opme
nt of social
conve
nience.
A
cce
ptance of
bala
nce
d
devel
opme
nt of
com
pulsory educati
on through
the national assessme
nt, the
County vocati
ona
l
education ce
nter was named
chool of vocational
educati
on in
Chi
na
d batch of
nati
onal reform and
devel
opme
nt model
t
hroug
h
pr
ovincial ...
Five is to
deepe
n reform and i
nnovation
to
break bottlene
cks
a
nd e
ndogenous
development
of effective
fire. As an engi
ne of
dy
namism, adding reform key to adopting
reform measures stress energy a
nd
bre
ak bottle
neck
s
and prom
oting dev
elopment.
Pay close attention to the key areas
of
reform.
Conscienti
ously im
plement
the provi
ncial
depl
oyment a
nd
cancel, adjustment, t
o undertake the
a
dministrative a
pproval
items a
ccordi
ng
to Regulation 347 to furt
her improve
a
dministrative efficie
ncy
conti
nui
ng
de
epe
ning reform for
pov
erty alleviation,
speedi
ng up r
ural land right
registration certificati
on pilot
pr
oject
,
encouragi
ng the
orderly
transfer of land management, uti
lize
the la
nd re
sources,
i
n or
der to
pr
omote scale manageme
nt
laid the Foundati
on.
A
ctively cultivate t
he
market. Firmly establish a market-
orie
nted,
nurt
uring family farms,
industrial users,
pr
ofessi
onal
coopera
tion
orga
nization new market
manageme
nt main b
ody 456,
effectively improve t
he
industr
y, inte
nsive
a
nd marketization of encouraging
support social
capital i
nto
the small m
icro-cre
dit,
ur
ban
development,
cult
ure and
touri
sm, public
service
s and other areas,
easing dev
elopment shortfall. To
promote mass i
nnovation.
o support t
he rural
se
ctor to
use
new
thi
nking a
nd new
idea
s, creative w
ork
incentives
such as a
ctively
pr
omoting fina
ncial
i
ntermediati
on,
bring added 159 in
non
public
enterpri
ses, i
ndivi
dually
-1540,
created a
物理试题
2013.9
一选择题
(
2
╳
22=44`
)
< br>
V
L
2
1.
如右图当开关S闭合时,
灯泡两端的电压
L
1
和
L
2
都发光,
此时电压表测
S
量的是:
( )
A、
L
1
两端
的电压
B
、
L
2
p>
两端的电压
L
1
C
p>
、
L
1
和
L
2
p>
两端的总电压
D
、电源的电压
2.
如右图,当滑片
P
向
A
端移动时,下列判断正
确的是:
( )
A
、通过电阻器的电流变小
B
、通过灯泡的电流不变
C
、电流表的示数变小
D
、变阻器接入电路中的电阻变小
A
L
3.
下图所示滑动变阻器四种不同接法中,当闭合开关,使滑片
P<
/p>
A
P
B
向左滑动,滑动变阻器接入电路中的电阻变大的是:
( )
C
A
A
P
D
B
C
A
B
P
D
B
C
A
C
P
D
B
C
A
D
P
D
B
4.
如右图所示的电路中,电源电压
为
6V
,甲乙两灯规格相同,当闭
·<
/p>
·
合开关<
/p>
S
后两灯都不亮,现用电压表进行检测,
AB
两点间的电压为
A
B
乙
零,
BC
两点间的电压为
6V
,造成故障的原因
可能是:
( )
A
、电源接触不良
B
、甲灯接触不良或灯丝断
C
、开关接触不良
D
、乙灯接触不良或灯丝断开
甲
S
C
·
5.
<
/p>
如右图所示,已知两只灯泡
L
1
和
L
2
是并联
,a
、
b
表示电压表和
电流表,下列说法正确的是:
( )
A
、
a
是电流表,
< br>b
是电压表
C
、
p>
a
、
b
都是电流表
a
L
1 <
/p>
B
、
a
是电压表
,
b
是电流表
D
、
a
、
b
都是电压表
6.
对欧姆定律公式
I
=
U /
R
的理解,下面哪一句话错误?
( )
·
L
2
·
p>
A
.对某一段导体来说,导体中的电流跟它两端的电压成正比。
p>
b
B
.在相同电压的条件下,不同导体中的电流跟电阻成反比。
C
.
导体中的电流既与
导体两端的电压有关,
也与导体的电阻有关。
D
.因为电阻是导体本身的一种性质,所以导体中的电流只与导体
两端的电压有关,与导体的电阻无关。
7.
如图所示,电源总电压为
6
V
保持不变,
R<
/p>
1
=5
Ω
,
p>
R
2
=10
Ω
p>
,当开关
S
由闭合到断开时,电压表
V
的示数将
( )
A
.由
2V
变为
6V
B
.由
4V
变为
< br>6V
C
.由
4V
变为
2V
D
.
p>
6V
保持不变
8.
如图
2
所示,
AB
和
BC
是由同种材料制成的长度相同、横截面积
不同的两段导体,
将它们串联后连入电路中.比较这两段导体两端
的电压及通过它们的电流的大小,有
p>
( )
A
.
U
AB
>U
BC
,
I
AB
BC
B
.
U
AB
BC
,
I
AB
=I
BC
C
.
U
AB
>U
B
C
,
I
AB
=
I
BC
D
.
U
AB
=<
/p>
U
BC
,
I
p>
AB
BC
9.
甲、乙两炉子通过的电流之比为
2
:
3
,两端
的电压比为
1
:
5
,则它们的电阻之比为
( )
A
.
10
:
3
B
.
3
:
10
C
.
2
:
1
D
.
3
:
5
10.
一段导体两端的电压为
5V
时,
导体中电流为
0.5A
,
如果电压增大到
10V<
/p>
,
导体的电阻和电
流分别为
(
)A
.
10
Ω
0.2A
B
.
10
Ω
2A
C
.
10
Ω
1A
D
.
20
Ω
1A
11.
将
的灯泡接入
110
V
的电路中,灯泡的实际功率是
( )
A.12.5
W
B.25
W
C.50
W
D.100
W
12.
有一接在家庭电路上的灯泡,
开关闭合时不亮了,用测电笔分别接触灯头的两个接线柱,
Pushing
a
head, Ea
st, North,
We
st devel
opment,
facilitating shant
y, complete
xinche
ng West Roa
d,
stability and re
construction of the
street
, Star Ding garde
n
built ce
ntury Gar
den
District,
subject
public
housing
construction, heati
ng the
gas expa
nsi
on
a
cce
lerated
impleme
ntation, Jing Rui River and
bridge
style line
soli
d shaft, further
expanded t
he tow
n
devel
opme
nt. Beautiful
country adhere to t
he
adva
nce a
nd
ty
pical for a group t
o lead.
According t
o
ogical lay
base
d,
and industry i
ncreased
income
, and l
ive
upgra
de civi
lization, and
culture ri
ch
connotati
on
caug
ht
built beautiful vill
age, and whole
village a
dvance, a
nd easily
relocation, and
built
ct near
30 a; depth i
nto
e
col
ogical, a
nd
i
ndustry, a
nd
cult
ure, and tourism,
eleme
nts, hig
h standards
ca
ught party origi
nal city
Liu, a
nd ja
de are
Xia AO, m
odel
vill
age, in
province City
set has benchmark. F
our is
e
qual be
nefits to
pr
omote sharing,
coordinate
d
devel
opme
nt of various
social
undertakings. In t
he
ca
se of rigid
spe
ndi
ng slowi
ng
revenue growth, increase, financial 75%
t
o the
people's
livel
ihood, the masses have
m
ore access i
n the
shari
ng. Cuoban
somethi
ng good and
benefit.
A
dhere to t
he
affordabl
e, best
, carefully
cuoban v
illage oil
, water
and
heat, cultural,
city and
County colum
ns pra
ctical,
developments
benefit
families, bring more w
elfare to the
masse
s.
Devel
opme
nt of social
conve
nience.
A
cce
ptance of
bala
nce
d
devel
opme
nt of
com
pulsory educati
on through
the national assessme
nt, the
County vocati
ona
l
education ce
nter was named
chool of vocational
educati
on in
Chi
na
d batch of
nati
onal reform and
devel
opm
nt model
t
hroug
h
pr
ovincial ...
Five is to
deepe
n reform and i
nnovation
to
break bottlene
cks
a
nd e
ndogenous
development
of effective
fire. As an engi
ne of
dy
namism, adding reform key to adopting
reform measures stress energy a
nd
bre
ak bottle
neck
s
and prom
oting dev
elopment.
Pay close attention to the key areas
of
reform. Conscienti
ously
im
plement the provi
ncial
depl
oyment a
nd
cancel, adjustment, t
o undertake the
a
dministrative a
pproval
items a
ccordi
ng to
Regulation 347 to furt
her improve
a
dministrative efficie
ncy
conti
nui
ng
de
epe
ning reform for
pov
erty alleviation,
speedi
ng up r
ural land right
registration certificati
on pilot
pr
oject
,
encouragi
ng the
orderly
transfer of land management, uti
lize
the la
nd re
sources,
i
n or
der to
pr
omote scale manageme
nt
laid the Foundati
on.
A
ctively cultivate t
he
market. Firmly establish a market-
orie
nted,
nurt
uring family farms,
industrial users,
pr
ofessi
onal
coopera
tion
orga
nization new market
manageme
nt main body 456, effectively
improve t
he industr
y,
inte
nsive a
nd marketization
of encouraging support social
capital
i
nto the small
micro
-cre
dit,
ur
ban
development,
cult
ure and
touri
sm, public
service
s and other areas,
easing dev
elopment shortfall. To
promote mass i
nnovation.
To support t
he rural
se
ctor to
use
new
thi
nking a
nd new
idea
s, creative w
ork
incentives
such as a
ctively
pr
omoting fina
ncial
i
ntermediati
on,
bring added 159 in
non
public
enterpri
ses, i
ndivi
dually
-1540,
created a
氖管都发光,则此灯不亮的原因可能是
(
)A.
灯丝断了
< br>B.
零线断了
C.
火线断了
p>
D.
地线断了
13.
安装家庭电路时,为检测电路
安装是否正确,在接通电源前将火线上的保险丝取下,换成
一个额定电压为
220V
的白炽灯泡,同时断开所有用电器的开关,接通电源后发现灯泡正常
发
光,由此可以判定
(
)A.
电路安装正确
B.
电路安装不正确,某处有短路
C.
电路安装不正确,某处有断路
D.
条件不足,无法判断
14.
学生实验用的电压表,当使用
“
+
”和“
15
”两个接线柱时,电压表的量程和最小刻度值分
别是
( )
A
.
15V
,
0.5V B
.
15V
,
1V C
.
3V
,
p>
0.1V D
.
3V
,
0.05V
15.
如图所示,将电压表先后并接在
AB
处、
BC
处、
AC
处,当
开关
S
闭合
S
A
C
B
后,电压表读数最大时,是接在
( )
A
.
AC
处
B
.
AB
处
C
.
BC
处
D
.三处一样大
L
1
L
2
16.
有
L
1
、
L
2
p>
、
L
3
、分别标有
“
220V
100W
”
、
“
110V
100W<
/p>
”
、
“
36V
100W
”字
样,它们都正常发光时,
则
(
)A
、
L
1
亮
B
、
L
2
亮
C
、
L
3
亮
D
、一样亮
17.
R
1
、
p>
R
2
两个电阻并联后接入电路中,它们的电
功率之比
P
1
:
P
2
=9
:
4
则有
R
1
、
R
2
两个电阻阻
值之比是:
(
)A
、
9
:
4
B
、
4
:
9
C
、
3
:
2
D
、
2
:
3
18.
一只“
10V
5W
”的甲灯和一只“
6V
1.8W
”的乙灯串联后接入电路中,两灯均能发光,比较
它们的实际功率(不考虑温度对电阻的影响)则:
( )
A
、甲灯大些
B
、乙灯大
C
、两灯一样大
D
、无法判断
19.
教室里装有多盏电灯,每多开一盏灯,则教室内电路的
( )
A
.总电阻增大
B
.总电压增大
C
.总电流增大
D
.总电压、总电流都不变
20.
小宁的探究小组在练习使用电
压表时,军军把电压表接成了如图
2-2
所示的电路.当闭合<
/p>
开关时所发生的现象是:
( )
A.灯泡亮、电压表有示数
B.灯泡亮、电压表无示数
C.灯泡不亮、电压表有示数
D.灯泡不亮、电压表无示数
21.
如图所示的电路中,闭合
S,
当开关
S
1
从断开到闭合的过程中,下列
说法中正确的是
( )
p>
A
.
S
1
闭合后电流表
A
1
、
A
2
示数相
等
B
.
S<
/p>
1
闭合后电流表
A
1
的示数比
A
2
大
C<
/p>
.
S
1
闭合后电流表
A
1
< br>、
A
2
示数大小无法判断
D
.
S
1
闭合后电流表
A<
/p>
1
的示数比
A
2
小
22.
如图电路,电源电压恒定,滑动变阻器
R
2
的滑片滑到
a
端时,电阻
R
1
消耗的功率为
7.2W
,滑动变阻器
R
2
的滑片滑到
b
端时,电阻
R
1
消
耗的功
率为
0.8W
,此时电压表示数为
4V
。则滑片在
b
端时,电流表
的示数为
( )A.1.8A
B.1.2A
C.0.4A
D.0.2A
二·填空题
(
1
╳
35=35`
)
23.
一节干电池的电
压是
_____
,
对人体的安全电压是
_____
,
家庭电
路的电压是
______
。
24.
完成下列单位换算
(
1
)
7.8M
Ω
=_____
Ω
,
(
2
)
5
×
10
4
V= _____
kV=______mV
(
3
)
250mA= _____
A=____
μ
A
25.
把
R
1
、
R
2
p>
两个阻值不同的定值电阻接入电路,
已知
R
1
两端的电压为
U
1
,
R
2
两端的电压为
U
2
,
< br>通过
R
1
、
R
2
的电流分别为
I
1
、
I
2
< br>。若
U
1
=U
< br>2
,则
P
1
:
P
2
=
,若
I
1
=I
2
,则
P
1
’:
P
2
’=
。
26.
在家庭电路中,
表用来测量用户消耗的电能。标有“
220V 2000W<
/p>
”字样的电热水壶
正常工作
3
分钟,消耗电能
千瓦时。
27.
城市交叉路口通常都装有红、
黄、
绿三色灯来指挥车辆、
行人通行,
若每只灯规格都是
“
220V
300W
”
,则每组交通指挥灯(含红、黄、
绿三种颜色灯)工作
15
小时要消耗电能
焦。
28.
三个阻值相等的电阻
,
串联后的总电
阻是
180
Ω
,那么
< br>,
它们并联后的总电阻是
Ω
。
29.
有一根镍铬合金线,两端电压
为
6
伏时,通过合金线的电流为
0.3
A
,则镍铬合金线的电阻
2