-

常州市武进区

2017

届高三英语期中试卷

一、单项选择

21.

The

joy

of

fiction

lies

in

its

ability

to

transport

us

into

new

realities

______

anything

is

possible.

A. how

B. what

C. where

D. that

22.

There’s

no

chance

that

we

can

change

the

history.

______,

it

is

important

that

we

learn

lessons

to face the future.

A. Meanwhile

B. Nevertheless

C. Otherwise

D. Therefore

23.

“Orange” smog alert, announced according to the

______ of the air pollution, indicates the

second-highest warning level.

A. deposit

存钱

B. gravity

C. framework

机制框架

D. certificate

证明

24.

The local government is ______ the development of a healthy economy and the conservation

of the environment at the same time.

A. appealing to

有吸引力

B. making up

占比例、编造、化妆

C. pushing for

迫切要求、努力争取

D. turning over

翻转、移交

25.

Failure has brought me benefits, teaching me things about myself that I ______ no other way.

A. could have learned

B. needn’t have learned

C. should have learned

D. wouldn’t have leaned

26.

______ overseas, as the professor puts it, means a valuable chance for soldiers to

practice the

skills

.

A. Being stationed

B. Stationed

C. Stationing

D. Having been stationed

27.

—

You appear

to have lost some weight

.

—

Just imagine the weeks of fear I ______

at the

thought of

the coming interview.

A. will suffer

B. have been suffering

C. suffered

D. was suffering

28.

When he had saved ______ he considered enough money, he started on his journey to Africa.

A. that

B. how

C. which

D. what

29.

He

______ with his conscience

a minute or two and told her the truth.

A. corresponded

通信一致

B. compromised

妥协

C. wrestled

解决、斗争

D. substituted A for B

替换

30.

Once a country with over 942 million ______ in poverty

, China has now

reduced

this

to

55

million.

独立主格结构

A. lived

B. living

C. was living

D. had lived

31.

The Qing Tombs

are influenced by

the Ming Tombs, especially ______ architecture.

A. in terms of

B. in spite of

C. in favor of

D. in honor of

32.

The

artificial

intelligence

(AI)

and

the

possible

dangers

(that)

______

may

cause

to

human race

have

raised wide concern

.

33.

34.

35.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. it

—

Have you told Mary about it?

—

No. She ______

on the phone, so I didn’t disturb her.

A. was speaking

B. is speaking

C. has spoken

D. had spoken

Interesting ______ some books are ______, they leave readers with little to think about.

A. though, to be read

B. as, to read

C. although, read

D. while, reading

—

Will you send your son for extra lessons after the school day?

—

______, unless he wants

to.

A. No doubt

B. You bet/ Certainly

C. Don’t mention it

D. Definitely not

二、完形填空

Para 1-2: The topic of the passage

Para 3: Comparison between satisficers and maximizers

Pra 4: The reasons for the Paradox of choice

Para 5-7: Solution to the problem

Para 8: Conclusion

Over a decade ago, psychologist Barry Schwartz published a book,

The Paradox of Choice

(

选择的悖论

)

:

Why

More

Is

Less

.

Schwartz

argues

that

the

modern

world’s

large

variety

of

options makes us less happy. “Choice

__36__

,” as he calls it, makes us

__37__ our decisions, and

set our expectations too high

.

Recently, Schwartz has

be

en

interviewed about

how his advice __38__ 10 years later.

The

rise of social media

, he argues, has only __39__ the pain of decision-making through phenomena

like fear of

missing out (

错过获利或取乐的机会

)

.

36.

A. overuse

B. underline

C. overload

D. undersize

37.

A. reach

B. accept

C. confirm

D. question

38.

A. holds up

变强不减弱

B. comes out

出版为人所知

C. makes out

弄清楚

D. turns up

出现

39.

A. controlled

B. relieved

C. heightened

D. caused

If

you

ever

aren’t

sure

if

you

bought

the

very

best

computer,

just

__40__

“good enough.”

People

who

do

this

are

called

“satisficers,”

and

they’re

__41__

happier

tha

n

are

“maximizers,”

people who feel that they __42__ choose the very best possible option. Maximizers earn more but

they’

re

also

less

satisfied

with

their

jobs.

As

a

result

,

they’re

more

likely

to

be

__43__

in

general

.

40.

A. make fo

朝走去促进

B. settle for

满足于

C. answer for

为负责

D. account for

41.

A. consistently

始终地

B. originally

C. strangely

D. randomly

42.

A. can

B. will

C. may

D. must

43.

A. violent

B. depressed

C. dynamic

有活力的

D. ambitious

The

reason

why

this

happens

is

that

as

life

circumstances

improve

,

expectations

__44__.

People

begin

__45__

their

experiences

to

friends

who

are

doing

better,

or

to

past

experiences

they’ve had that were

__46__.

As long as

expectations

keep pace with

__47__, people may

live better, but they won’t feel better about how they live.

Schw

artz’ solution is just to

settle for

(

满足于

)

something that’s acceptable

—

__48__ you

know there’s li

kely something better out there.

44.

A. fall

B. pause

C. come

D. rise

45.

46.

47.

48.

A. submitting

B. comparing

C. sharing

D. contributing

A. worse

B. wider

C. better

D. richer

A. recognitions

辨认

B. extensions

延伸拓展

C. dimensions

方面

D. realizations

A. even if

B. if only

C. in case

D. so that

Whenever you need a new laptop,

call up

one of your __49__

friends and say, “What laptop

did you buy?” And you buy that laptop. It’s probab

ly not the perfect laptop but __50__ a good

enough one for you.

Schwartz said people can

generalize (

推广、

概括

) this concept

by arbitrarily (

武断地、

随意

地

) __51__

the number of choices they’ll consider

—

five colleges, not 25

—

and “

__52__ that

all you need is a goo

d enough X, not the best X.” It’s

__53__ information to

keep in mind

right

after,

say

(

比如说

)

,

the

launch

of

a

dizzying

(

令人眼花缭乱的

)

series

of

shiny,

new

consumer

tech products.

49.

A. satisficer

B. special

C. maximizer

D. familiar

50.

A. necessarily

B. specially

C. absolutely

D. typically

51.

A. checking

B. limiting

C. increasing

D. assessing

52.

A. intend

B. expect

C. explain

D. decide

53.

A. helpful

B. precise

C. latest

D. further

It

can

be

hard,

in

our

culture,

to

force

yourself

to

settle

for

“

good

enough.

”

But

when

it

__54__ happiness a

nd satisfaction, “good enough” isn’t just good

—

it’s

__55__.

54.

A. refers to

B. objects to

C. comes to

D. agrees to

55.

A. perfect

B. misleading

C. fashionable

D. sacred

三、阅读理解

A

“Cat got your tongue?”

Someone may have said this to you

the last time

you were speechless. The popular phrase

from

the

1800s

refers

to

a

violent

whip

(

鞭

子

)

with

nine

stinging

threads

called

a

“cat

-

o’

-nine-

t ails” that was used in maritime punishments. A visit from this cat would likely

leave

a sailor speechless

.

“Let

the cat out of the bag.”

No, this is not what your mom yelled after you cleaned your room. This expression means to

disclose something that has been

kept secret

. Its origin can

be traced to

a trick from the 1800s,

when

folks

went

to

market

supposedly

carrying

a

baby

pig

for

sale

in

a

bag.

Instead,

the

bag

contained a cat, and if the trick was discovered, the “cat was out of the bag.”

“More than one way to skin a cat.”

There are always several ways to solve any problem, according to this English proverb from

the 1670s. However, catfish are popular in southern American culture, and there are several ways

to remove the tough skin before cooking.

“Dead cat on the line.”

The origin of this expression, meaning that there’s something wrong or suspicious, again

has

to do with

catfish. Fishing lines with multiple hooks were hanging in the water, and the lines were

checked every day. If a fisherman checked his friend’s line and there was a dead catfish on it, it

meant that something was wrong because the line had not been checked. (Maybe his friend

was

just

sick of

eating catfish!)

“To bell the cat.”

In one of Aesop’s fables, a family of mice

comes up with

the idea of putting a bell around

the neck of the

threatening

house cat. They all thought it was a good idea, but who would actually

put the bell around the cat’s neck? The job fell to the mouse that

proposed the idea

. The moral? It

is easy to propose impossible solution, but be careful

—

you might be the one asked to

commit

.

56.

Which of the following best fits the blan

k in the sentence “All agreed to ask the employee for

a pay rise, but _____.” ?

A. nobody let the cat out of the bag

B. there was more than one way to skin a cat

C. nobody offered to bell the cat

D. there was a dead cat on the line

57.

The purpose of the passage is to _____.

A. explain

the association between

idioms

and

cultures

B. inform readers of some curious cat idioms and origins

C.

entertain

readers

with

interesting stories behind idioms

D.

stress the importance of

studying English idioms

B

Para 1: The topic of the passage

Para 2: The reasons for colonizing Mars

Para 3-5: The introduction to the Interplanetary Transport System

Para 6: How people get back to the earth

Para 7-8: The problems to be solved

1 SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has finally

revealed his grand plan for

humans to

colonize

Mars.

2

But why go to Mars? “There are two fundamental paths:

we stay on Earth forever and life

on Earth is

at an ever-increasing risk of

being

wiped out (

清除

)

.

Or we become a multi-planet

species,” explained Musk.

3 In September, SpaceX

showed off

its new Raptor engines that will be used on the company’s

Mars

Colonial

Transporter.

The

Raptor

engines,

powered

by

liquid

methane

(

甲烷

)

and

liquid

oxygen

rather than

the kerosene (

柴油

) used in the current Merlin engines on the Falcon 9 rockets

,

are “several times” more powerful to

transport

satellites and spacecraft

into orbit

.

4

A

rocket

using

42

Raptor

engines

will

propel

(

推进

)

a

spaceship

into

orbit

. The

whole

system

is

called

the

Interplanetary

Transport

System

(ITS).

The

booster

(

助推器

)

will

then

separate from

the ITS,

at which point

it will

land back on

Earth to be reused

.

The spaceship,

meanwhile, will remain in Earth’s orbit

.

5 Using the same booster, a second fuel tanker will

be launched to

meet the orbiting ITS.

After

fueling up

(

加燃料

) completely, the ITS will

depart on its journey to

Mars.

With the aid

of

solar sails (

太阳帆

), the spaceship will arrive on Mars in 80 to 150 days, hopefully

cut down to

30 days eventually.

6 But how will people come back?

Musk hopes the first colonizers of Mars will be able to begin

producing

fuel

to

get

back

to

Earth.

Mars

is

rich

with

resources

that

would

make

it

possible

to

create methane-based fuel.

Leaving Earth without enough fuel to return is

a necessity

, as it would

require five times the payload to get the ITS off the ground.

7

Although Musk’s plans for Mars colonization are

theoretically possible

,

it remains to be

seen if

the plan will actually

work in practice

. One of the biggest challenges is convincing the

public that it’

s worth the risk

to go to Mars.

8 As Musk said, space travel is extremely dangerous. There are many unknowns, like how

radiation will affect passengers aboard the ITS and how much training humans will need to be able

to

withstand the forces of

takeoff and landing.

58.

Elon Musk thinks it necessary to colonize Mars because _____.

Para 2

A. Earth can no longer

sustain

(

养活

)

masses of

people

B. it is a good chance to be a multi-planet species

C. human race has no future if it

doesn’t

go to space

D. mankind can

achieve its ambition of space travel

59.

Which of the following is Not the technological features of ITS?

A. the reusability of the booster

B. a second fueling up in solar orbit

Para 4

C. probability of making propellant (

推进燃料

) fuel on Mars

D. methane- based fuel instead of kerosene

60.

The passage is mainly about _____.

Para 1

A. Elon

Musk’s

plan to colonize Mars

B. how humans will get to Mars

C. the possibility of Mars immigration

D. what dangers space travel may have

C

1

Now

famine

has

ended

in

much

of

the

world,

but

it

still

threatens

parts

of

Africa.

According to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), some 2 billion of the world’s

7.3 billion people do not have enough to eat. Moreover, by 2050, the total population

is expected

to

grow to almost 10 billion and 70% more food will be needed than what was produced in 2009.

That is

a tall order (

离谱的要求、难办的事情

)

. But it is not impossible.

2 Since the time of Thomas Malthus, an economist writing a little over 200 years ago, people

have

worried that

population growth would

exceed (

胜过

) food supply

. So far, it has not. But

neo-Malthusians

(

新马尔萨斯主义者

)

spot

worrying

signs

.

One

is

that

in

some

places

the

productivity

of

staples

(

主食

)

such

as

rice

and

wheat has

reached

a plateau

(

停滞期

).

Neither

new strains (

品种

) nor fancy chemicals are

raising output

.

3

Nor is there

much unfarmed land left that

is suitable to

be ploughed

.

A source of food

Malthus did not foresee was the opening up of the American prairies(

大草原

), helping the food

supply

greatly.

But

such

new

lands

are

pretty

much

used

up

.

Also,

because

of

global

rising

temperatures, some places will become unfarmable

—

particularly poor, tropical (

热带

) regions.

4

But

these

concerns

can

be

overcome

by

two

things:

the

application

and

spread

of

technology, and the operation of sensible government policies.

5 Agricultural technology is changing fast. Techniques developed in the West that can

create

crops with special properties

are being adopted to

make

tropical crops both

more productive

and more nutritious

. Such smart techniques, with new techniques of genetic modification, should

break through

the output plateaus. It can also produce crops

with properties

(

性能、特点

) such

as drought- and heat-resistance that will

reduce the effects of

global warming.

6 Technology

is of little use

, though, if it is not adopted. In the developing world that applies

as much to existing farming techniques as it does to the latest advances in

genetic modification

. It

would get humans quite a long way towards a 70% increase

in output

. So would things like better

roads, to

allow for

the carriage of surpluses (

盈余

) to markets.

This would encourage productivity

growth and reduce waste.

7 Indeed, government policy to reduce waste more generally would

make a huge difference

.

The FAO says that about

a third of

food is lost

due to

bad harvesting practices, poor storage and

slow transport. Changing that would

take another big bite out of

the 70% increase.

8

Despite

all

the

barriers,

in

the

six

years

following

the

FAO

analysis

production

rose

by

11%

. If growth like that continues, it should not only be possible to feed the 10 billion, but to feed

them well.

61.

The factors

responsible for

the output plateau don

’

t include _____.

A. over-farming of prairies

Para 3

B. global rising temperatures

Para 3

C. lack of farmable land

Para 3

D. no new strains or chemicals

Para 2

62.

What

’

s the key message that Paragraph 5 and 6 convey?

Para 5-6

A. Agricultural technology is

undergoing great changes

.

B. Great progress in genetic modification will increase output.

C. Crops that can

resist drought

and heat have been developed.

D. Technology application is the top priority to the developing world.

63.

The underlined phrase in Para 7 is closest in meaning to

“

_____

”

.

Para 7

A. have a bad effect on

B. make great reductions in

C. make contributions to

D.

rule out

the possibility of

64.

What can be the best title for the passage?

Para 1&8

A. Reach an output plateaus

B. Feed the ten billion

C. Encourage productivity growth

D. Apply agricultural technology

D

1 I was sent,

at an early age

, to a public school

against my mother’s wishes

,

but my father

insisted

that

it

was

the

only

way

to

make

boys

hardy

.

The

school

was

kept

by

a

responsible

person

of the ancient system

;

that is to say

, we were flogged (

鞭打

) soundly when we did not get

our

lessons.

We

were

put

into

classes

and

flogged

on

in

groups

along

the

highways

of

knowledge

,

in the same manner

as cattle are driven to market, where those that are heavy in pace

or short in leg have to suffer for the superior quickness or longer legs of their companions

.

2 For my part

, I admit it

with shame

, I

was

quite

poor in

lessons. I have always had the

poetical feeling. I used to

get away from

my books and school whenever I could, and

wander

about

the fields.

3 In spite of

all the floggings I suffered at that school to make me love my book,

I

cannot

but look back upon

the place

with fondness

. Indeed, I

considered

this frequent flogging

as the

regular mode

in which scholars were made.

My kind mother used to

be sad about

my details of

the painful trials I

underwent

in the course of learning

; but my father

turned a deaf ear to

her

disapproval. He had been flogged through school himself, and swore there was no other way of

making

a

man

of

(many)

parts

(

多才多艺的、多面手

)

;

though,

let

me

speak

it

with

all

due

respect

, my father was but

an indifferent illustration of

his own theory, for he was considered

quite a stupid.

4

My

poetical

temperament

(

气质

)

showed

itself

at

a

very

early

period

.

The

Village

church

was attended

every Sunday

by

a neighboring squire (

庄园主

),

whose park

stretched

quite

to

the village, and whose spacious country seat seemed to

take

the church

under its protection

.

Indeed, you would have thought the church had

be

en

devoted to

him instead of to the God.

He

always

entered

a

little

late,

striking

his

cane

(

敲着拐杖

)

emphatically

(

断然、明显的

)

on

the

ground

,

and

looking

proudly

to

the

right

and

left

.

The

priest

never

began

service

until

he

appeared.

He sat with his family in a large church bench, reading lessons and lowliness of spirit

out

of

prayer- books.

Whenever

the

priest

spoke

of

the

difficulty

of

a

rich

man’s

entering

the

kingdom of heaven, I thought the squire seemed

pleased with

the application.

5 The aristocratical (

贵族的

) air of the family

struck my imagination

wonderfully, and I

fell

desperately

in love with

a little dau

ghter of the squire’s about twelve years of age. It

made

me

more

absent from

my studies than ever. I used to wander about the squire’s park, and would wait

secretly near the house to

catch glimpses of

this girl at the windows.

6

I

was

not

brave

enough

to

take

the

risk

to

express

my

love

until

I

read

one

or

two

of

Ovid’s Metamorphoses, when I

pictured myself as

some wood god, and she a shy wood goddness,

whom I was

in pursuit of

. There is something extremely delicious

in these early awakenings of

the loving passion

. I now began to read poetry.

I carried about in my chest a book of poems by

Waller, and I

applied to

my little fair one all the admiration given to Sacharissa

.

7 At length

(

详尽地、最终地

) I danced with her at a school ball. I was so awkward that I

dared

scarcely

speak to her; but I was so inspired that my poetical temperament

for the first time

broke out

in poetry. I

slipped (

把…塞进…

) the poem

, trembling and blushing (

脸红

),

into her

hand

the next Sunday as she came out of church. She

handed

them

to

her mamma; the mamma

handed

them

to

the

squire,

the

squire,

who

had

no

soul

for

poetry,

sent

them

in

anger

to

the

school- master; and the school-master gave me a sound flogging.

65.

The author

’

s father sent his son to a public school mainly _____.

Para 1

A. to learn more knowledge

B. to develop his responsibility

C. to toughen the boy up

D. to meet upper class people

66.

The schooling

is compared to

driving cattle to market to

make the point that

_____.

Para 1

A. students’ individuality was discouraged

B. students were punished for poor performances

C. students are grouped according to ability

D. students were treated inhumanely

67.

It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that _____.

Para 3

A. the author believed one had to be punished to learn well

B. the author’s father

got on well

in school in his youth

D. the author

had great respect for

his father

D. the author’s parents were

on bad terms

68.

Which best describes the author’s tone in introducing t

he squire?

Para 4

A. admiring

B. sceptical

C. ironical (

讽刺的

)

D. approving

69.

The name Sacharissa is _____.

Para 6

A. the name of wood godness in Ovid’s Metamorphosis

B. the first name of the girl with whom the author

falls in love

C. a name invented by the author because he didn’t know the girl’s real name

D. the woman to whom the poet Waller wrote love poems

70.

Which of the following best describes the author

’

s feelings in the passage?

Para 3

A. Glad that those years are gone

B. Bitter about the way he was treated by adults

C. Amused by the trials of growing up

D. Regretful for the days of his boyhood

四、任务型阅读

1 Friends

do

your health so many

favors (71)

. They protect your health as much as quitting

smoking and a great deal more than exercising.

2

“Strong social relationships support mental health, and that ties into better imm

une function,

reduced stress and less cardiovascular (

心血管

) activation (

活化

)

,” says Dr. Debra Umberson, a

sociologist at the University of Texas, Austin. Umberson says emotional support is just one of a

dozen ways friends may

safeguard your health

and

extend your life

.

3 However, unfortunately many of us don

’

t have enough of them. According to data from the

General

Social

Survey,

the

number

of

Americans

who

say

they

have

no

(74)

close

friends

has

roughly tripled (

三倍

)

(73)

in recent decades

. “Zero” is also

the most common response

when

people are asked how many

confidants

they have.

And adult men seem to

be

especially

(75) bad

at

keeping and

cultivating friendships

.

4 That may seem strange

in the era of

Facebook, Twitter and boundless digital connectivity

(72)

. But the “friends” orbiting

at the farthest reaches of

your digital galaxy (

星系

) aren

’

t the

ones that matter

when it comes to

your health and happiness.

5 The vital friendships

—

the friends you hug and laugh and cry with

(76)

—

are the ones

who

have the greatest impact on

your health and happiness. You need between three and five of

them

for

the

best

wellbeing,

suggests

research

from

Dr.

Robin

Dunbar,

an

evolutionary

psychologist at the University of Oxford.

6 Dunbar recognized that

the size of a human

’

s social network might

be limited by

(77)

the

size

of

a

certain

part

of

the

human

brain

called

the

neocortex

(

新大脑皮层

),

a

critical

site

for

higher brain functions. After some complicated study, he

came up with

a figure now

known as

“Dunbar’s number”, the approx

imate size of a person

’

s social circle. Dunbar

’

s research shows that

your brain can

’

t

hold a close connection with

more than 150

(78)

. Within that group, your closest

15 relationships

—

including family

members or relatives

—

seem to be

most crucial when it

comes to your

mental and physical health

.

7

But

that

’

s

not

to

say

a

brother

or

sister

offers

you

the

same

benefits

as

a

close

friend,

Dunbar says. While your relatives

are

more

likely to

be there for you when you need help, your

good

friends

tend

to

fire

up

your

nervous

system

and

cause

the

release

of

feel-good

neuropeptides (

神经肽

) called endorphins (

脑内啡

). Whether you

’

re laughing with your friend or

feeling him or her touch your shoulder

in sympathy

, the resulting rush of endorphins seems to

“tune” up your

immune system,

protecting you from disease

(79)

,

Dunbar explains.

8 So yes,

for the sake of

your health, you need friends

—

ideally the really close kind you

see face-to-face

on a regular basis (80)

.

Theme

Friends can provide emotional support, which is (71)

beneficial/ helpful

to

our mental and physical health.

Although

digitally

(72)

connected/

linked/

associated

with

each

other,

many of us still don

’

t have enough of strong social relationships.

●

American

people

without

close

friends

have

(73)

increased/

risen/

grown

by three times in recent decades.

●

It is common for people to have (74)

no/ zero

confidants.

●

Adult

men

in

(75)

particular

are

inferior

in

keeping

and

cultivating

friendships.

●

To ensure your wellbeing, you need between three and five friends who

can (76)

share

your joy and sorrow.

●

Human

’

s social network might (77)

depend

on the size of neocortex.

●

Your brain can hold a close connection with 150 people at (78)

most

, of

which the closest 15 are vital to your heath.

●

Different from relatives, good friends are likely to produce endorphins

to make you happy and (79)

resistant

to disease.

It is much better to have a close friend who you can see face-to-face (80)

reguarly

.

Present situation

of friendship

Dr. Robin

Dunbar

’

s related

research

Conclusion

五、书面表达

阅读下面的短文，然后 按要求写一篇

150

字左右的英语短文。

Should parents leave all of their money to children and let them

live a carefree life

without

even

the necessity of

earning money to support themselves? Here are two pieces of news about

two celebrities:

Bill Gates: Bill Gates has promised to

give

all of his $$ 58 billion fortune

to charity

he has

set

up

with

his

wife,

The

Bill

and

Melinda

Gates

Foundation

,

which

funds

health

and

education

projects around the world. He wanted to

make a positive contribution to

the world.

Zuckerberg:

We

will

give

99%

of

our

Facebook

shares

during

our

lives

to

advance

human potential and promote equality

. We know this is a small contribution

compared to

all

the resources and talents of those already

working on these issues

. But we want to do what we

can, working alongside many others.

Many world-famous wealthy businessmen choose to

donate

almost all of their possessions

to

the

charity

instead

of

leaving

their

fortune

to

their

children.

In

their

opinion

,

it

is

better

to

develop

the

quality

of

independence

of

their

children,

making

them

possess

the

competence

of

living by themselves.

【写作内容】

1

、以约

30

个词概括上述材料的主要内容。

2

、以约

120